Objective To study the effect of retrograde perfusion through the inferior vena cava (IVC) during moderate hypothermic lower body circulatory arrest on malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the serum, liver and kidney of pigs. Methods Twenty healthy pigs were randomly divided into two groups: group A had moderate hypothermic lower body circulatory arrest for 90 min, group B had moderate hypothermic lower body circulatory arrest and retrograde perfusion through IVC at the same time. SOD activities and MDA contents in the serum, liver and kidney were analyzed before retrograde perfuston(T1), 1 h after circulatory arrest(T2), and 1 h (T3), 3h (T4), and 5 h (T5) after reperfusion. Results There were no significant differences in SOD activities and MDA contents in the serum, liver or kidney between the two groups at T1 (P<0.05). Serum MDA contents were increased and the SOD activities were decreased in both groups at T3, T4, and T5, with the changes in group B being significantly small than those in group A (P<0.05). MDA contents in the liver and kidney in group A were significantly higher and the SOD accivicies were significantly lower than those in group B at T2-T5 (P<0.05). Conclusion Retrograde perfusion with autologous blood through IVC can partly alleviate the ischemic-reperfusion injury of liver and kidney during moderate hypothermic lower body circulatory arrest in pigs, showing a protective effect on the hepatic and renal function.

Glucose ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Lycium ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Resistance Training

· ATM:To analyze bacterial spectrum and drug sensitivity in conjunctival sac of cataract patients of Kazak.
· METHODS:A total of 538 cases of conjunctival sac secretion in cataract patients of Kazak were collected.The samples were cultured and their sensibilities to antibiotics were tested.
· RESULTS: The bacterial culture was positive in 214 cases.The positive rate was 39.8%. The variety of pathogenic bacteria were mainly made up of gram positive cocci ( 88.3%), and most of them were Staphylococcus epidermidis ( 66.4%), followed by Micrococcus(9.8%).Sex had no effect on conjunctival bacteria rate in the cataract patients of Kazak, while age, place of residence had an effect on camier rate. The camier rate of conjunctival bacteria was significantly higher in people over 60 years old than that in people with age between 40 to 59 years old.And the people from city had a significant lower bacteria positive rate than those from countryside and pastoral. Most of grams were sensitive to Vancomycin, Teicoplanin, Rifampicin, Duly cloth mildew mutual and Amikacin, the tolerance was less than 20%, and they usually had higher tolerance to Penicillin, Erythromycin, Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol (>70%) .
·CONCLUSlON:Gram positivecocci is the most common bacteria in conjunctival sac in cataract patients of Kazak. Staphylococcus epidermidis was most common, followed by Micrococcus.The germ-carrying rate of conjunctival SAC in Kazakh population is associated with the patient’s age and area of residence.The clinical use of antibacterial drugs should be strictly grasp the indications, to reduce the incidence of bacterial resistance.

OBJECTIVETo compare tulobuterol patch and oral salbutamol sulfate in terms of efficacy and safety in children with mild or moderate acute attack of bronchial asthma.

METHODSA total of 92 children with mild and moderate acute asthmatic attack were randomly divided into salbutamol group (n=46) and tulobuterol group (n=46). Both groups received routine treatment with antihistamine, selective leukotriene receptor antagonist and glucocorticoid. In addition, the salbutamol group was given slow-release capsules of salbutamol sulfate, and the tulobuterol group was treated with tulobuterol patch. The two groups were compared with respect to symptom scores of cough, wheeze, respiratory rate, wheezing sound, three depression sign and peak expiratory flow, as well as adverse events.

RESULTSAs the treatment proceeded, symptom scores decreased in both groups; on the third day of treatment, all symptom scores except cough score showed a significant decrease in both groups (P<0.05), but the tulobuterol group had significantly lower symptom scores than the salbutamol group (P<0.05). On the fourteenth day of treatment, both groups had a significant decrease in cough score (P<0.05), but the tulobuterol group had a significantly lower cough score than the salbutamol group (P<0.05). One child developed hand trembling in the salbutamol group, while no adverse event occurred in the tulobuterol group.

CONCLUSIONSCompared with oral salbutamol sulfate, tulobuterol patch has a better therapeutic efficacy and a higher safety in children with mild or moderate acute asthmatic attack.

Acute Disease ; Administration, Oral ; Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists ; therapeutic use ; Albuterol ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Terbutaline ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; analogs & derivatives ; therapeutic use

China ; epidemiology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; epidemiology ; Rural Population ; Urban Population

This study was purposed to construct the recombinant hF9 minigene and its stable nonsense mutant cell lines, and to investigate its significance. Minigene hF9 was cloned into the mammalian expression vector pCMV-Tag3B; a nonsense mutant containing a premature termination codon (PTC) in the 121(st) amino acid residue was obtained by PCR site-directed mutagenesis; minigene hF9 and nonsense mutant were respectively transfected into HepG2 cells with G418 treatment to get stable HepG2-WT and HepG2-N cell lines. The results confirmed that the minigene hF9 and nonsense mutant were constructed successfully. The gene of interest was amplified by RT-PCR from the stable cell lines, and the minigene hF9 was expressed in the stable cell lines. It is concluded that the recombinant hF9 minigene and its stable nonsense mutant cell lines are constructed successfully. The cell lines can be used to screen the drugs treating the nonsense mutation-caused hemophilia according to PTC read-through approaches.
Cell Line, Tumor ; Codon, Nonsense ; Factor IX ; genetics ; Genetic Vectors ; Hemophilia B ; genetics ; Humans ; Recombinant Proteins ; genetics

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the associations between periodontal diseases, presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), serum levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and preterm low birth weight (PLBW).

METHODS60 women (30 PLBW and 30 healthy women), were recruited after postpartum within 3 days in this case-control study. Periodontal measurements including plaque index (PI), bleeding index (BI), probing pocket depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL) were assessed. The subgingival plaque was collected before periodontal examination and analysed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the 16S rRNA gene specific to P. gingivalis, while the venous and umbilical cord blood specimens collected were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThe PLBW cases had a poorer oral conditions and the presence of P. gingivalis was found in a higher proportion in the PLBW than the healthy pregnant (56.7% vs. 30.0%, P < 0.05). Both of the presence of periodontitis and P. gingivalis have been found to be associated weakly with a shorter gestational age and a lower birth weight (P < 0.05). The levels of IL-1beta, IL-6 and prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) in both of the blood samples showed higer levels between the PLBW and normal groups (P < 0.01). The IL-1beta and PGE2 levels in maternal serum were higher with a severe periodontal disease in the PLBW group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThere may be a possible link between periodontal diseases and PLBW.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Dental Plaque ; Dental Plaque Index ; Female ; Humans ; Infant, Low Birth Weight ; Infant, Newborn ; Interleukin-6 ; Periodontal Diseases ; Periodontitis ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; Pregnancy ; Premature Birth ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and safety of sorafenib tablets combined with transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) in the treatment of unresectable liver cancer. Methods A total of 164 patients with unresectable liver cancer were randomly divided into control and treatment groups with 82 cases per group. Control group was treated with TACE alone, once every 4 weeks. Treatment group was given sorafenib tablets 400 mg per time from 5 d after TACE treatment, bid, orally, on the basis of control group. Two groups were treated for 12 weeks. The clinical efficacy, serum tumor markers, serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) , levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) , and adverse drug reactions were compared between two groups.Results After treatment, the objective remission rates of treatment and control groups were 52. 44％ (43 cases/79 cases) and 28. 05％ (23 cases/79 cases) , the disease control rates were 87. 80％ (72 cases/79 cases) and 68. 29％ (56 cases/79 cases) , the progression free survival time were (15. 32 ± 2. 04) and (10. 83 ± 1. 43) months, the overall survival time were (15. 32 ± 2. 04) and (10. 83 ± 1. 43) months, the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0. 05) . After treatment, the alpha fetoprotein of treatment and control groups were (71. 38 ± 10. 04) and (152. 36 ± 20. 37) ng·m L-1, the carcinoembryonic antigen were (2. 02 ± 0. 27) and (2. 94 ± 0. 34) μg·L-1, the VEGF were (317. 87 ± 32. 76) and (442. 45 ± 35. 09) pg·m L-1, the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0. 05) . The adverse reactions of treatment group and the control group were nausea and vomiting (71. 95％ vs63. 41％) , diarrhea (35. 37％ vs 42. 68％) , myelosuppression (43. 90％ vs 40. 24％) and fever (84. 15％ vs90. 24％) , oral mucositis (32. 93％ vs 6. 10％) , hand-foot skin reaction (69. 51％ vs 2. 44％) , the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0. 05) . Conclusion Sorafenib tablets combined with TACE have a definitive clinical efficacy in the treatment of unresectable liver cancer, which can effectively inhibit the release of tumor markers, decrease the levels of serum VEGF and other cytokines. Although the incidence of adverse drug reactions is high, they can be controlled.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of potassium and calcium supplementation in table salt on reduction of arterial blood pressure and sodium metabolism in adolescents with higher blood pressure.

METHODSA single blind placebo-controlled trial was carried out for two years in 220 adolescents with higher blood pressure, aged 18 - 22 years, who were randomly divided into supplementary group (n = 110) and control group (n = 110). Each of the subjects in the supplementary group and their family members was given 10 mmol of potassium and 10 mmol of calcium mixed in their table salt daily for 24 months.

RESULTSNight urinary sodium and potassium excretion increased (urinary Na(+), P < 0.05; urinary K(+), P < 0.01) and blood pressure lowered by 5.3 mm Hg/1.8 mm Hg in average from the baseline in the supplementary group two years after potassium and calcium supplementation, as compared with that in the control group increased by (1.3/1.7) mm Hg.

CONCLUSIONSAdequate supplement of potassium and calcium in daily table salt intake was an effective way to prevent form hypertension and could promote their urinary sodium excretion and reduction of arterial blood pressure in adolescents with higher blood pressure.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Blood Pressure Monitors ; Calcium, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; diet therapy ; prevention & control ; Male ; Natriuresis ; Potassium, Dietary ; administration & dosage ; Single-Blind Method ; Sodium ; metabolism ; Sodium, Dietary ; administration & dosage