Objective To observe the incidence of phlebitis in patients with PICC through peripheral vein and its nursing effect, in order to aLleviate the patients' suffering. Methods The 60 volunteers were divided into three groups randomly, who were received PICC through basilie vein, vena mediana and cephalic vein, the incidence of of phlebitis and therapeutic effieaey were analyzed. Results 2 patients appeared phlebitis in 20 cases received PICC through basilic vein, 3 patients in 20 eases through eubital vein, and all cured;11 patients in 20 eases through cephalic vein, while 9 patients were cured and 2 patients were detubated in cephalic vein group. Conclusions It' s suggested that the prevalence of phlebitis with PICC through cephalic vein is high, with long treat time and low cure rate. It' s likely to reduce the phlebitis occurrence and patients relief from pain through eephalic vein.

OBJECTIVETo characterize the genetic aberrations in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

METHODSNinety ALL cases were enrolled in the study from January 2009 to November 2011. Chromosome banding analysis and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were used to detect genetic aberrations.

RESULTS(1) Chromosome analysis: 35 (53.0%) of 66 cases who had metaphase were abnormal, and 24 cases had no metaphase. (2) FISH analysis: among the 31 cases who had normal karyotypes and 24 who had no metaphase detected by chromosome banding technique, 7 (22.6%) and 14 (58.3%) cases were abnormal detected by FISH, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences compared with chromosome analysis (P = 0.655). Among these 55 ALL cases TEL/AML1, bcr-abl and MLL fusion genes were observed in 16 (29.1%), 3(5.5%) and 2(3.6%) cases, respectively. (3) Cytogenetic aberration was observed in 56 of total 90 ALL cases (62.2%).

CONCLUSIONSCytogenetic changes are common in childhood ALL. Conventional cytogenetic study could reliably detected chromosomal abnormalities for ALL with assessable metaphase. FISH should be used as a complementary method for ALL patients who have poor chromosomal morphology or no metaphase cells, and combination of both methods can improve the detection rate of genetic abnormalities in childhood leukemia.

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Female ; Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Infant ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein ; genetics ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of long-term application of Shengmai Capsule (SMC) on recovery of patients after myocardial infarction.

METHODSA total of 120 myocardial infarction patients were: assigned into two groups. Changes of angina pectoris, electrocardiogram (ECG), living capacity and heart function in patients were observed after 6-month treatment.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in alleviating angina: pectoris was 90.0% and that in improving ECG figure was 93.3% in the treatment group, both were significantly higher than those in the control group, 73.4% and 70.0% respectively (P<0.05). The Karnofsky Performance Status scores of heart function were increased and the Activity of Daily Living scores in living capacity decreased in both groups, but the improvements were better in the treatment group (P<0.01 and P<0.05). The parameters of cardiac function, including cardiac output, stroke volume, cardiac index and ejection fraction, were increased in both groups, but the increments in the treatment group were more significant (P<0.01 or P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONLong-term application of SMC could effectively prevent and treat angina pectoris, improve the living capacity and accelerate the recovery of heart function in patients after myocardial infarction.

Electrocardiography ; Humans ; Karnofsky Performance Status ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Myocardial Infarction ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Quality of Life

AIM AND METHODSThe effects of losartan (after operation 2 week to 10 week, 5 mg/kg d ig) on generation of AT1R-AA in sera were observed during development of hypertension in rats. The renovascular hypertension (RVH) model was established by two-kidney one-clip method, a synthetic peptide corresponding to amino acid sequence 165-191 of the second extracellular loop of the angiotensin II-1 receptor (AT1R) was used as antigen, SA-ELISA were used to examine sera AT1R autoantibody (AT1R-AA).

RESULTSThe frequencies and titres of AT1R-AA after operation one week rats were significantly increased (P < 0.05). The treatment with losartan not only inhibited structural and functional changes, but also the frequencies and titres of AT1R-AA was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than RVH group.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that the losartan significantly inhibits generation of the AT1R-AA.

Animals ; Autoantibodies ; biosynthesis ; blood ; Hypertension, Renovascular ; blood ; immunology ; Losartan ; pharmacology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, Angiotensin ; immunology

Objective: To prepare monoclonal antibodies (McAb) with cardiac troponin I (cTnI) which was purified from fresh human cardiac muscle within 6 h. Methods: (1) Extraction and purification of human cTnI: cTnI was purified by high salt extraction, saltless precipitation, 65℃ treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, etc. (2) Preparation of anti human cTnI McAb: The purified cTnI was injected into the spleen of BALB/c mice. The cTnI-primed spleen cells were fused with Sp2/0 myoloma cell. The McAbs anti human cTnI were obtained by screening with indirect ELISA and 3 times clone. (3)The identification of anti cTnI McAb. Results: Five hybridoma cell lines, named 3A7，3A11，3D2，3F10 and 1H9 were developed, which could secret McAb stably. The 5 McAbs all were demonstrated to be IgG2a by double gel diffusion test. The number of hybridoma chromosomes was between 92 to 110 and the chromosomes were mainly telocentric. Five kinds of ascites had no cross-reaction to LDH，CK，CK-MB ，AST and cardiac troponin T(cTnT), and their titers were between 3.2×10-6 to 1.6×10-7. Conclusion: 3D2，3F10 and 3A7,3A11,1H9 react to different epitopes of cTnI.

Objective: To prepare monoclonal antibodies (McAb) with cardiac troponin I (cTnI) which was purified from fresh human cardiac muscle within 6 h. Methods: (1) Extraction and purification of human cTnI: cTnI was purified by high salt extraction, saltless precipitation, 65℃ treatment, ammonium sulfate fractionation and DEAE-cellulose chromatography, etc. (2) Preparation of anti human cTnI McAb: The purified cTnI was injected into the spleen of BALB/c mice. The cTnI-primed spleen cells were fused with Sp2/0 myoloma cell. The McAbs anti human cTnI were obtained by screening with indirect ELISA and 3 times clone. (3)The identification of anti cTnI McAb. Results: Five hybridoma cell lines, named 3A7，3A11，3D2，3F10 and 1H9 were developed, which could secret McAb stably. The 5 McAbs all were demonstrated to be IgG2a by double gel diffusion test. The number of hybridoma chromosomes was between 92 to 110 and the chromosomes were mainly telocentric. Five kinds of ascites had no cross-reaction to LDH，CK，CK-MB ，AST and cardiac troponin T(cTnT), and their titers were between 3.2×10-6 to 1.6×10-7. Conclusion: 3D2，3F10 and 3A7,3A11,1H9 react to different epitopes of cTnI.

Objective Analyze the reasons of PICC catheter displacement and gave nursing countermeasure, to reduce the incidence of its complication. Methods Retrospective analysis was implemented on the 2 cases with PICC catheter displacement in our hospital. Results Repeated and excessive outreach of limbs was the inductive factor of the catheter displacement. Conclusions Nurses would identify the content and method of health education, study and research how to improve the compliance the patients. Nurses should adjust and reset the catheter timely when catheter displacement occurs.

BACKGROUNDOpen surgery is the preferred approach for the treatment of type D lesions according to the Trans-Atlantic Inter-Society Consensus (TASC) II guideline, but endovascular solutions also appear to be a valid option in selected patients. The study aimed to identify the risk factors of restenosis after open and endovascular reconstruction of symptomatic TASC II D aortoiliac occlusive lesions (AIOLs).

METHODSFifty-six patients (82 limbs) who underwent open repair and endovascular treatment (ET) for symptomatic TASC ΙΙ D AIOLs between March 2005 and December 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Baseline characteristics, preoperative and postoperative imaging, and operation procedure reports were reviewed and analyzed. Restenosis after revascularization was assessed by duplex ultrasound or computed tomography angiogram. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, Log-rank test, and multivariate Cox regression were used to evaluate the relevance between risk factors and patency.

RESULTSThe mean duration of follow-up was 42.8 ± 23.5 months (ranging from 3 to 90 months). Primary patency rates at 1-, 3-, 5-, and 7-year were 93.6%, 89.3%, 87.0%, and 70.3%, respectively. Restenosis after revascularization occurred in 11 limbs. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and the Log-rank test revealed that diabetes, Rutherford classification ≥5 th and concurrent femoropopliteal TASC II type C/D lesions were significantly related to the duration of primary patency. According to the result of Cox regression, diabetes and femoropopliteal TASC ΙΙ type C/D lesions were identified as the risk factors for restenosis after revascularization.

CONCLUSIONThis study demonstrated that diabetes and femoropopliteal TASC ΙΙ type C/D lesions are risk factors associated with restenosis after open and ET of TASC II D AIOLs.

Aged ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; methods ; Arterial Occlusive Diseases ; surgery ; Endovascular Procedures ; methods ; Female ; Femoral Artery ; surgery ; Humans ; Iliac Artery ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Popliteal Artery ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo explore efficacy of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy in locally advanced low rectal cancer.

METHODSFrom May 2001 to August 2005, 105 patients with locally advanced low rectal cancer (T3, T4) were treated by preoperative radiotherapy to pelvis, 2.0 Gy daily up to 40-46 Gy in 4-5 weeks concomitantly with oral capecitabine at 1250 mg x m(-2) x d(-1) for 10 weeks up to surgery. In all patients surgery was carried out under the rule of total mesorectal excision technique.

RESULTSAll patients finished the course of neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy. Among them, 36 patients experienced adverse effects. Thirteen patients resulted in complete tumor response and spared the operation. Ninety-two patients were operated on with radical resection, among them 71 patients with low anterior resection, 17 with Parks' colo-anal anastomosis and 4 with abdomino-perineal resection, so sphincter preservation was achieved in 96.2%. In postoperative pathological studies, 11 cases showed complete tumor regression. According to the TNM staging system, 24 cases were ranged T0N0, and 23 cases T2N0, 43 cases T3N0, 2 cases T4N0, 5 cases T2N1, 8 cases T3N1; and according to Dworak's tumor regression grading, 5 cases were ranked TGR0, and 18 cases TGR1, 11 cases TGR2, 47 cases TGR3, 24 cases TGR4. Pathologic downstaging was achieved in 78.1%, including complete response (TGR4) and intermediate response (TGR2 + 3). No operative death occurred. Anastomotic leakage was found in 5 cases, including 3 rectovaginal fistula. All patients have been followed up for 16-67 months, and lung metastasis occurred in 4 cases, liver metastasis in 2 patients and local recurrence in 4 patients. Three patients died of distant metastasis. The 3-year disease-free survival was 82.8% and overall survival was 96.5%.

CONCLUSIONSNeoadjuvant radiochemotherapy brings tumor down-staging and increases resectability and sphincter preservation, decreases recurrence and improves survival in locally advanced low rectal cancer.

Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; adverse effects ; methods ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Preoperative Care ; methods ; Radiotherapy, Adjuvant ; adverse effects ; methods ; Rectal Neoplasms ; mortality ; surgery ; therapy ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo isolate and characterize human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs).

METHODSThe synovial membrane tissues were obtained from 4 RA patients, 1 chondroma patient and 1 healthy subject and FLS were isolated by means of tissue culture. The cell morphology was observed by phase-contrast microscope and the cell surface markers were detected by flow cytometry.

RESULTSThe FLSs were successfully cultured from the synovial membrane tissues with good cell homogeneity after the third passage. The FLSs of the 3rd to 7th passages were stable and proliferated actively, followed by slow proliferation and aging since the 8th passage. Flow cytometry showed that the 4th-passage FLSs from the RA patients contained 99.04% CD90(+) cells, 2.73% CD3(+) cells, 0.29% CD3(-)CD19(+) cells, 2.81% CD3(-)CD16(+)CD56(+) cells, 5.89% CD14(+) cells, and 54.17% CD55(+) cells. The presence of interleukin-1 receptor type I (IL-1RI, 158.63-/+20.32 pg/ml) and IL-1beta (4.67-/+0.82 pg/ml) were detected in the cell culture supernatant of the 4th-passage FLSs from the RA patients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ELISA.

CONCLUSIONFLSs from RA patients can be effectively culture by means of tissue culture, and the cultured FLSs show high expressions of CD90, IL-1RI and IL-1beta.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; pathology ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Separation ; Cells, Cultured ; Female ; Fibroblasts ; pathology ; Humans ; Interleukin-1beta ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I ; metabolism ; Synovial Membrane ; cytology ; pathology ; Thy-1 Antigens ; metabolism