Base on the Kawakita powder compression equation, a general theoretical model for predicting the compression characteristics of multi-components pharmaceutical powders with different mass ratios was developed. The uniaxial flat-face compression tests of powder lactose, starch and microcrystalline cellulose were carried out, separately. Therefore, the Kawakita equation parameters of the powder materials were obtained. The uniaxial flat-face compression tests of the powder mixtures of lactose, starch, microcrystalline cellulose and sodium stearyl fumarate with five mass ratios were conducted, through which, the correlation between mixture density and loading pressure and the Kawakita equation curves were obtained. Finally, the theoretical prediction values were compared with experimental results. The analysis showed that the errors in predicting mixture densities were less than 5.0% and the errors of Kawakita vertical coordinate were within 4.6%, which indicated that the theoretical model could be used to predict the direct compaction characteristics of multi-component pharmaceutical powders.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Excipients ; chemistry ; Fumarates ; chemistry ; Lactose ; chemistry ; Models, Chemical ; Powders ; chemistry ; Pressure ; Starch ; chemistry ; Technology, Pharmaceutical

Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Doxorubicin ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Valproic Acid ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology

ObjectiveTo analyze the feature of the urinary tract infection of female patients with spinal cord injury(SCI). Methods57 female SCI patients were reviewed.Results47 of 57 patients were identified with urinary tract infection(82.5%). Infecting micro organisms were mainly colonized with E.Coli (70.2%) and Klebsiella. ConclusionsUrinary tract infections in females have special feature in urethral colonization.

Objective To design and develop a Information System for Medical Center of Clinical Audiology , (MCCAIS301 ) .Methods The system framework was established by developing software ,constructing user platform and creating database .An implication procedure was also established for clinical use for the MCCA IS301 .The MC-CAIS301 was connected with the Hospital Information System (HIS) in order to connect the equipment in the auditory clinical center and other clinical database system .Results The MCCAIS301 was a new database system for hospital in-formation management specifically designed for audiological tests .It provided an extra functions of the existing HIS system .The MCCAIS301 could store the testing results from more than ten different hearing instruments made from five different companies .The data from the MCCAIS301 could be transferred to the HIS system .The results of the MCCAIS301 could be retrieved and analyzed using the HIS system .MCCAIS301 system had nine sets of standardized hearing testing results ,five output formats and three statistical analyzing functions .Conclusion The MCCAIS301 is an effective information management system which has a strong practical use to improve the efficiency of daily audiology data analysis .The MCCAIS301 using digital technology moves the audiology data analysis from a manual low efficient stage to an effective and intelligent level .

Antigens, CD20 ; metabolism ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Interferon Regulatory Factors ; metabolism ; Leg ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; Skin Neoplasms ; complications ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Thrombocytopenia ; complications

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Calcium ; metabolism ; Cell Hypoxia ; Cells, Cultured ; Flavones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Gynostemma ; chemistry ; Male ; Myocardial Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; cytology ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide ; analysis ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Serum

Objective To analysis the genomic sequence of a novel human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-B*3818 allele.Methods Full length genomic sequence of an unknown HLA-B allele was cloned,followed by bi-directional sequencing and the specificity of the antigen coded by this novel allele was defined by microcytotoxicity assay.The frequency and haplotype of this novel allele was acquired by population census and parentage analysis.Results The full length genomic sequence of this novel HLA-B*3818 allele with accession number FJ561482 differs from HLA-B*380201 by two nucleotide changes in exon 4 and intron 5,respectively.One change is located at nt 660 in exon 4 where C→A alternation,which results in an amino acid substitution from Asp(GAC)to Glu(GAA)at codon 196.This alternation is a new single nucleotide polymorphism compared with all other HLA-B alleles.Another is located at genomic position 2133 in intron 5(A→C).Except for this substitution,the intron sequences of HLA-B*3818 allele are identical to those of other HLA-B*38 alleles including HLA-B*380101,B*380201 and B*3814.The serological specificity of HLA-B*3818 is B38 and the frequency of this new allele is less than 0.000 5 in Chinese Han population.The parentage analysis showed the haplotype of novel allele is A*030101-Cw*010201-B*3818-DRB1*1312-DOB1*060101.Conclusion The simultaneous mutations in exon and intron were found in the Hovel HLA-B*3818 allele,and so it can present more sequence information for studies and applications associated with HIA genes by analyzing the genomic sequences of novel HLA alleles.

Objective To explore the role of stromal interaction molecule 1(STIMI)on prohteration and intra- cellular Ca~(2+)change in vascular smooth muscle ceils(VSMC).Methods Rat VSMC were isolated from SD rats and primary cultured.Ad-si/rSTIM1 and Ad-hSTIM1 were transfected into VSMC.The protein of STIM1 was measured by Western blot,the proliferation of VSMC was analyzed by ~3H-thymidine(~3H-TdR)incorporation and cell count,the intracellular Ca~(2+)change was assessed By Aquaeosmos system.Ruselts Fourty-eight hours after transfection,as compared with Ad-hSTIMI group,the Ad-si/rSTIMI VSMC had lower expression of STIM1 protein (P

Objective To observe ultrastructure of the morphological relationship between neuron and astrocytes in hippocampi of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-kindled epileptic rats,and to investigate the communicative ways between them.Methods Epilepsy models of 10 kindled rats established by intraperitoneal injection of PTZ[i.p.,35 mg/(kg · d)],assigned as kindled group.Five rats received 9 g/L saline as control group.Three days after being kindled,the ultrastructural relationship between neurons and the astrocytes was observed with transmission electron microscope and Cx43 labelling immuno-electron microscopy.Results 1.Synapses increased in hippocampi of PTZ-kindled epileptic rats.2.Gap junctions were observed between astrocytes and neurons.3.Astrocytic process extended into the synaptic cleft between pre-synaptic and post-synaptic membranes which formed the synaptic complex.4.The Cx43-hemichannels existed between astrocytes and neurons.Conclusions In hippocampi of PTZ-kindled epileptic rats,ultrastructure of morphological relationship between neurons and astrocytes includes synaptic complex,gap junctions and hemichannels,which might be communicative forms between neurons and astrocytes.

To identify the integration sites in the host genome for the hepatitis B virus (HBV)-encoded X protein (HBx) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) biopsies that are positive for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). HCC biopsies were obtained from six patients that were HBV carriers, as demonstrated by the presence of HBsAg in their serum and sero-negativity for antibody to HBsAg. DNA was extracted from the tissue, fractionated, and circularized. Primers were designed according to the HBx sequence and used to amplify the circularized DNA templates by inverse polymerase chain reaction (IPCR). The amplified DNA fragments were checked by electrophoresis, cloned into the PMD18-T expression vector, and sequenced. Sequence alignment was performed by the Blast algorithms. Seven electrophoresis bands yielded 22 sequencing results, which represented a total of three HBx integration sites in the host genome: 19q12, 2q32.2, 22q12. The 19q12 integration site encompasses the CCNE1 gene, which encodes a G1/S-specific cyclin-E1. HBx-related integration sites exist in HBsAg-positive HCC biopsies. The CCNE1 gene may play a role in the development of HBx-related HCC.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; blood ; genetics ; Cyclin E ; genetics ; DNA Primers ; DNA, Viral ; genetics ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; metabolism ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; physiology ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; blood ; genetics ; Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; Virus Integration