Objective To evaluate the feasibility and clinical outcomes of second sacral alar-iliac (S2AI) technique utilized in patients with tuberculosis of Lumbosacral spine.Methods 24 cases (15 male,9 female,aged 36-73 years old,average 47.1 years) of tuberculosis of Lumbosacral spine were collected for surgery using spinal and pelvic fixation system (S2AI or IS) between January 2014 and May 2016.Lumbosacral pain and restricted movement were noticed in all cases,of which 9 cases with radiating pain of lower limb and 7 cases with intermittent claudication,2 cases with saddle anesthesia.Formal anti-tuberculosis medicine treatment was given for at least 2-3 weeks before operation.All patients with lumbosacropelvic fixation were compared by recording with ESR/CRP,preoperatively,postoperatively and the last following-up.The clinical effect oswestry disability index (ODI) score,visual analogue scale (VAS),ambulatory status,SF-36 scale and related complications of 2 groups were also compared.Results The average follow-up period was average 23.4 months in the two groups.The results show that operative time,blood loss,drainage time,hospitalization days and fusion time were not statistically significant;the recording of ESR,CRP,ODI,VAS scores and ambulatory status scores between S2AI and IS groups showed no significantly different,preoperatively,postoperatively and the last following-up.Comparisons within each group were improved at postoperatively and the last following-up related to preoperatively;The difference of the SF-36 scales in each group was statistically significant between preoperatively and the last following-up;There was no statistically difference in recurrence,sinus,pseudarthrosis between two groups,but The S2AI technique was associated with lower rates of symptomatic screw prominence compared to the IS technique.Conclusion Application of S2AI screw technique in the treatment of lumbosacral tuberculosis can achieve solid fixation and satisfactory clinical effect,and reduce the complications of traditional IS screws,which is an alternative method of posterior structure reconstruction of lumbosacral tuberculosis.

This paper analyses the defects of bubble oxygen inhalators currently used, and investigates into their solutions for improvement.
Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; methods ; Oxygenators ; standards

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of oxaliplatin (L -OHP) or irinotecan ( CPT -11 ) combined with capecitabine (CAP) in the treatment of metastasis colorectal carcinoma.Methods Sixty -six patients with metastasis colorectal carcinoma were recruited in this study.There were 31 cases in CAP plus L -OHP group and 35 sub-jects in CAP plus CPT -11 group.All of the included cases were treated with 4 cycles of chemotherapy.The clinical efficacy and chemotherapy related side effects were compared between the two groups .Results The objective response rate (ORR) were 19.4% and 20.0% in the CAP plus L -OHP and CAP plus CPT -11 group respectively without statistical difference (P >0.05).The grade Ⅲ to Ⅳ adverse reactions in the CAP plus CPT -11 group and CAP plus L -OHP group were 51.6% and 60.0%, without statistical differences in two groups (P >0.05) .But diarrhea incidence in the CAP plus CPT -11 group (22.9%) was much higher than that in the CAP plus L -OHP group (3.2%) (P <0.05). Conclusion There was no statistical difference on clinical efficacy between the two chemotherapy regimens, but there is a higher incidence of serious diarrhea in CAP plus CPT -11 regimen.

OBJECTIVETo identify the original plant of "Daibaijie", commonly used Dai herb.

METHODThe literature review, morphology and anatomy, pharmacognosy, molecular biology, chemistry were used to analysis.

RESULTDaibaijie's historical scientific name, Dregea sinensis Hemsl., was mistakenly given "Daibaijie" and D. sinensis have significant differences from the distribution, morphology and anatomy, pharmacognosy, molecular biology and chemical composition. "Daibaijie" matches with the characteristics of Marsdenia tenacissima (Roxb.) Moon in Flora of China in English.

CONCLUSIONDaibaijie's original plant is M. tenacissima (Roxb.) Moon. The description and illustration of M. tenacissima (Roxb.) Moon in Flora of China in China are wrong. The illustration of M. tenacissima in Flora of China in English is wrong too.

China ; ethnology ; Herbal Medicine ; Marsdenia ; anatomy & histology ; classification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plant Components, Aerial ; anatomy & histology ; classification

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of excessive intake of fluoride on the expression of type II collagen gene and types and morphological change of collagen fiber in the bone tissues of rats.

METHODSA rat model with fluorosis was established by adding 221 mg/L of sodium fluoride (NaF) to drinking water for the rats for 15 days, 30 days and two months, respectively. Type II collagen alpha1 (II) cDNA probe was prepared, and cDNA-mRNA in-situ hybridization was employed to detect change in expression of type II collagen mRNA in the bone tissues of rats with excessive intake of fluoride (221 mg/L NaF). Picrosirius-polarization method was used to observe types of collagen and morphology of collagen fiber in the bone tissues.

RESULTSChondroblasts were found in the femur and other bone tissues of the rats after exposure to fluoride. cDNA-mRNA in-situ hybridization showed that expression of type II collagen gene could be observed in the cytoplasm of chondrocytic lacuna and chondrified bone tissues. mRNA in collagen of chondrocytes of the rib cartilage reached the peak level 15 days after exposure to fluoride, and decreased gradually one month and two months after exposure. Polychromatic type II collagen, breakage of collagen fiber, disorder array and reduced content of type II collagen could be found in the bone tissues with picrosirius-polarization method.

CONCLUSIONSExcessive intake of fluoride could lead to changes in types and structure of collagen (cross-linkage) of bone tissues, which caused expression of type II collagen gene in the chondrified bone tissues and enhanced its expression in the rib cartilage tissues.

Animals ; Bone Diseases ; metabolism ; pathology ; Chondrocytes ; metabolism ; Collagen Type II ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Fluoride Poisoning ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of excessive fluoride on the gene expression of rat osteoblasts.

METHODSRat osteoblasts were treated with 2.0 mmol/L of sodium fluoride (NaF) for two weeks in vitro, and difference in the gene expression between the NaF-treated and normal osteoblasts was compared with mRNA differential display (DD-PCR) technique.

RESULTSAmong the six differentially expressed gene fragments which had been cloned, expression of the ribosomal protein L5 gene, ATPase Na(+)K(+) transporting beta polypeptide 3 gene, karyopherin alpha 2 gene and cis-Golgi body p28 gene was lower and expression of ubiquitous-conjugating enzyme E2D 3 gene and a newly-discovered gene fragment in this study showed up-regulated in the NaF-treated osteoblasts of the rats.

CONCLUSIONSExpression of genes changed in the osteoblasts after treatment with fluoride for two weeks and most of them associated with synthesis, transportation and processing of protein. It suggested that excessive fluoride could affect the protein synthesis in osteoblasts by changing the expression of the related genes. A novel gene related to excessive fluoride exposure was also found.

Animals ; Base Sequence ; Cells, Cultured ; Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Fetus ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Skull ; pathology ; Sodium Fluoride ; toxicity

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Circumcision, Male ; methods ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo study the role of cycline dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) in the malignant transformation of human fetal lung diploid fibroblast cell (2BS) induced by silica.

METHODSRecombination vectors with antisense pXJ41-CDK4 were constructed, and then were transfected into the malignant transformed cells induced by silica. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the expression of CDK4. Cell growth curve, doubling time, cell cycle distribution and the growth capacities on soft agar were analyzed before and after antisense CDK4 RNA was transferred into malignant transformed cells induced by silica.

RESULTSDuring the malignant transformation of 2BS cells induced by silica, CDK4 gene was overexpressed. Antisense pXJ41-CDK4 transduction suppressed CDK4 gene expression in the antisense pXJ41-CDK4 transfected cells. Antisense CDK4 RNA led to cell cycle arrest, resulting in lengthened G1 phase (the percentages of cells in the G1 phase increased from 45.1% to 58.0%), and eventually attenuated the proliferation of malignant transformed cells induced by silica. At the 8th day, the suppression rates decreased by 77.43%. The doubling time prolonged from 21.0 h to 42.7 h. The growth capacities on soft agar of cells transfected by antisense pXJ41-CDK4 were decreased.

CONCLUSIONCDK4 might play an important role in maintaining the transformed phenotype of the cancer cells.

Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; genetics ; physiology ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Humans ; Lung ; cytology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; genetics ; physiology ; RNA, Antisense ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Silicon Dioxide ; toxicity

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of telomerase in asbestos dust induced malignant transformation of human embryonic lung fibroblasts in vitro.

METHODSHuman telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) was transferred into human embryonic lung fibroblasts (HELF). Chrysotile dust at concentration of 2.5 microg/cm(2) was added to HELF transduced with and without hTERT (HELF-T+), respectively, and their transduced foci were separated. Biological characteristics of the cells, telomerase activity, length of telomere and cell growth curve were observed. Colony forming test was performed on soft agar to evaluate the nature of transformation.

RESULTSThe hTERT gene was transferred into HELF steadily, and HELF-T+ was established. Malignant transformation occurred in both HELF and HELF-T+ by asbestos stimulation. Asbestos dusts could induce higher rate of transformations in HELF-T+ [(2.08 +/- 1.08)/utensil] than in HELF [(1.08 +/- 0.10)/utensil], P < 0.05. Telomerase activity in both transformed malignant cells and HELF-T+ was higher, as well as the longer length of telomere in them.

CONCLUSIONRate of malignant transformation in cells with more activity of telomerase and longer length of the telomere was higher after stimulation with asbestos, indicating telomerase could play an important role in asbestos induced human cells malignant transformation.

Asbestos, Serpentine ; toxicity ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Embryo, Mammalian ; Fibroblasts ; pathology ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Humans ; Lung ; pathology ; Telomerase ; genetics ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between HER-2 expression and the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in local advanced breast cancer.

METHODSDifferent neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens, namely CMF, CEF, and NEF, were administered in 132 patients with local advanced breast cancer for 2 cycles, each lasting for 28 days. According to the criteria recommended by WHO, the efficacy and safety of the regimens were evaluated after two cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. HER-2 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry using specific monoclonal antibodies before chemotherapy and after surgery.

RESULTSThe overall response rate (RR) of CMF, CEF, and NEF regimens were 39.5% (17/43), 54.3% (25/46) and 72.1% (31/43), with incidence of leukopenia of 34.9% (15/43), 58.7% (27/46) and 60.5% (26/43), respectively. Other adverse effects including decreased hemoglobin (Hb) level, thrombocytopenia, gastrointestinal irritation and alopecia were similar between the 3 groups (P>0.05). No significant variation in HER-2 expression occurred after administration of the 3 regimens. The overall RR to CMF regimen in HER-2-negative breast cancer patients was significantly higher than that in HER-2-positive patients, but showed no significant difference with CEF and NEF regimens.

CONCLUSIONHER-2 expression is not decreased after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, and HER-2-positive breast cancer can be resistant to CMF regimen, but not to CEF and NEF regimens.

Adult ; Aged ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; pathology ; therapy ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; drug effects ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; adverse effects ; methods ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Treatment Outcome