Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is one of the most commonly encountered developmental toxicity, which could lead to perinatal morbidity and mortality, be also extended from the fetus to adulthood, and seriously affect the quality of the population. Caffeine widely exists in a variety of daily beverages and some drugs. Its consumption is increasing year by year. Caffeine intake during pregnancy is one of the risk factors for IUGR. However, its mechanism of adverse outcome based on embryonic research is still unclear. In this paper, the possible mechanisms of caffeine-induced IUGR focusing on 3 important factors-the mother, placenta and fetus were explored. Caffeine's impact on the mother is the chronic activation of renin-angiotensin system; on the placenta, caffeine induces cell damage or the failure of the cell proliferation/apoptosis balance, leading to blockage of blood supply to the placenta; caffeine is also capable of directly affecting fetal development through interfering its neuroendocrine.

Objective To establish a mice model of cisplatin-induced ototoxicity and to investigate the effect of cisplatin on the expression of caspase-3 in mouse cochlea.Methods Totally 69 Kunming mice were randomly divided into control group,cisplatin 2.5mg/(kg?d) group,cisplatin 3.5mg/(kg?d) group and cisplatin 4.5mg/(kg?d)group.Mice were injected intraperitoneally for 5 days.Auditory brainstem response(ABR) was measured to observe the change of hearing.Envision method of immunohistochemistry was applied to detect the expression of caspase-3 in cochlea.Results The weight and hearing of mice in different dose cisplatin groups were declined significantly as compared with those in control group(P

With the rapid development of turfgrass industry in our country,more and more attentions are paid to the genetic breeding of turfgrass. Biotechnology has great application potential in varietals improvement of tall fescue,which is commonly grown as cool-season turf grass in the temperate region. The establishment of tall fescue regeneration and genetic transformation systems was summarized. Meanwhile,the historical and present situations of tall fescue breeding are introduced. The part of tall fescue regeneration was expounded from different explants and approaches. While,the part of genetic transformations was expounded from different means. At last,problems and prospects of genetic transformation of tall fescue are discussed.

Objective To explore clinical efficacy and safety of intraoperative localization of occult insu -linoma by using step-by-step occlusion of the pancreas .Methods 22 cases of occult insulinoma patients admit-ted from Mar.2003 to May 2013 were given intraoperative localization by adopting the technology of step -by-step occlusion of the pancreas .Results All the 22 patients were successfully completed the segmental resection of pancreas.The average operation time was(120 ±50)min, and the average intraoperative blood loss was (100 ± 80)ml.No blood transfusion was needed.Blood glucose rose rapidly when insulinoma was located within the scope of occlusion, blood glucose remained unchanged when insulinoma was beyond the scope of occlusion ,and blood glucose dropped swiftly when insulinoma was on the point of occlusion .Two patients had postoperative short-term pancreatic fistula and they were cured by conservative treatment .No other complications occurred .The average hospitalization time was(12 ±5)d.The result was good during the followed up of 8 to 24 months.Con-clusion The technique of step-by-step occlusion of the pancreas for localization of occult insulinoma is effective supplement for conventional methods , worthy of promotion .

Cell Line ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Humans ; Interleukin-1 ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; P-Selectin ; metabolism

Objective To use ELISA detecting self‐developed hepatitis B five internal quality control products .Methods Hepa‐titis B five positive sera by the detection of ELISA were diluted through optimal ratio ,and were homemade indoor quality control materials .Results Self‐control materials and commodities were simultaneously detected by ELISA ,and the test results were com‐pared ,the two were no significant difference(P>0 .05);Self‐control materials continuously detected by ELISA ,its batch variation were less than 15% ,and stability was in line with the requirements .Conclusion Self‐developed hepatitis B five indoor quality con‐trol materials are made simply ,have good stability ,are satisfied control effect ,and have promotional value .

OBJECTIVETo investigate the factors influencing the pregnancy outcomes of artificial insemination with donor sperm (AID), improve the pregnancy rate, and evaluate the safety of the offspring.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed 7,761 cycles of AID for 5,109 infertile couples performed between July 1, 2005 and June 30, 2013 in the Center of Reproductive Medicine of Shenyang No 204 Hospital, the outcomes of pregnancy, and the incidence of birth defects.

RESULTSTotally, 2 252 clinical pregnancies were achieved by AID, in which the pregnancy rate per cycle was 29. 02% and the cumulative pregnancy rate was 44. 08%. The clinical pregnancy rate was remarkably higher in the females of ≤ 35 years than in those of > 35 years old (30.31% vs 20.18%, P < 0.01), in the women with < 5-year infertility than in those with > 5-year infertility (30.83% vs 28.16%, P < 0.01), and in the patients of the ovarian stimulation group than in those of the natural cycle group (33.22% vs 28.68%, P < 0.01) The clinical pregnancy rate was the highest in the first treatment cycle (29.87%), with statistically significant difference from the fourth cycle (23.61%) (P < 0.05), but not between the other cycles (P > 0.05). There were 28 cases of birth defects in the offspring (1.40%), including 6 cases (21.43%) involving the cardiovascular system, 4 (14.29%) involving the musculoskeletal system, 3 (10.71%) involving the urogenital system, 3 (10.71%) involving the central nervous system, 2 cases (7.14%) of cleft lip and palate, 2 (7.14%) involving the respiratory system, 2 (7.14%) involving the gastrointestinal digestive system, and other anomalies.

CONCLUSIONFemale age, infertility duration, and ovarian stimulation treatment are important factors influencing the clinical pregnancy rate of AID. Artificial insemination with cryopreserved donor sperm does not increase the incidence of birth defects, which is considered as a relatively safe technique of assisted reproduction.

Adult ; Cryopreservation ; Female ; Humans ; Infertility ; Insemination, Artificial, Heterologous ; methods ; Male ; Maternal Age ; Ovulation Induction ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Rate ; Retrospective Studies ; Semen Preservation ; methods ; Spermatozoa ; Time Factors

Objective To study the genotypes of OXA-51-like carbepenemases in Aeinetobacter beumannii and its association with drug resistance. Methods The susceptibility of 174 Acinetobacter baumannii against ceftazidime, cefotriaxon, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were detected with disc diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for meropenem and imipenem were determined with an agar dilution method. VIM, IMP, OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-51 and OXA-58 β-lactamase genes were determined by PCR. DNA sequencing and genotyping were performed against OXA-51 positivestrains. Results All 174 isolates were negative by PCR for genes OXA-24, OXA-58, IMP and VIM. OXA-23 and OXA-51were amplified in 15.5% (27/174) and 72.4% (126/174) isolates, respectively. Therewere 15.5% (27/174) isolates producing OXA-51-like and OXA-23 carbapenemase simultaneously. Among126 OXA-51-like carbapenemase producing strains, 82.5% (104/126)were OXA-66 genotype, whereas theremaining 17.5% (22/126) strains belong to other genotype. Eight novel OXA-51-like Genotype were foundin this study. Conclusions OXA-66 were the primary genotype of OXA-51-like carbapenemases in A.baumannii. OXA-66 were related to low-level carbapenems resistance and may be associated with resistanceof other drugs. We found new OXA-51-like genotype in clinic isolates of A. baumannii in this study.

Objective To discuss the diagnosis and treatment of cerebral sparganosis. Methods To summary four cases of cerebral sparganosis, focusing on the clinical course and imaging findings, with the goal of better diagnostic skills. Results All 4 cases had some kind of misdiagnosis and improvement after surgery or parasiticidal pharmacotherapy. Cerebral MRI and CT scans revealed relatively extensive white matter degeneration and focal enhancements. Subsequent scans showed changes in shape and location of the enhanced foci, indicating the migration of sparganum. Pathologic findings of 3 patients who had undergone surgery showed granuloma and sparganum. Conclusions Cerebral sparganosis has relatively special manifestions on imaging, which are of diagnostic value. The spaganum should be as completely removed as possible during surgery.

ObjectiveTo investigate the concentration of water fluoride and the application of water defluoridation projects in Suizhou,and to provide a basis for water improvement and prevention of the disease.MethodsCross-sectional study was carried out to investigate completely the water defluoridation projects built between 1986 and 2009 in the area under Suizhou's jurisdiction; 3 source water and terminal water samples of the projects in use were collected,respectively; 1 water sample was collected,respectively in the 3 projects with out-ofcommission or discarded water sources that used to be major water supply,for detection of fluoride,chloride,total hardness,heavy metals and other indicators.ResultsA total of 21 projects were investigated,14 projects were in normal use (66.7％),7 projects were out of order and abandoned (33.3％).Of the 14 projects normally used,13projects with water fluoride concentration ≤ 1.0 mg/L(92.9％)and 1 project with water fluoride concentration higher than 1.0 mg/L(7.1％),the concentration of water fluoride in the 7 abandoned projects was higher than 1.0 mg/L(100％).Arsenic and lead levels of all the water samples were normal.There were two water samples with iron content exceeded the standard,and one total hardness of water samples exceeded the standard in the normally used 14 peripheral water sources.One chloride content exceeded the standard,one manganese content exceeded the standard,two iron content exceeded the standard and three total hardness exceeded the standard in the seven abandoned projects.ConclusionsSome defluoridation projects are stopped using and abandoned in Suizhou,and the water fluoride exceeds the standard.