UPLC-MS-MS system was used for the identification of arbidol metabolites in the rat feces, urine and plasma samples. The system was so powerful a way with high ability of separation and analysis, based on both chromatography and mass properties. The isotope of Br was also a good indicator for metabolites finding. There were altogether 9 metabolites detected and identified, including 2 phase I biotransformation products and 7 phase II ones. It is concluded that arbidol mainly undergo metabolic reactions such as N-demethylation, S-oxidation, glucuronidation and sulfation in rats.
Animals ; Biotransformation ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Feces ; chemistry ; Female ; Indoles ; blood ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effects of Shengli capsules on the sexual ability of normal and castrated male rats.

METHODSShengli capsules were given by intragastric administration to 100 experimental male rats at different doses of 0.35, 0.70 and 1.40 g / kg. Data were collected and analyzed, including capture latency period, times of capture, sexual endurance and times of ejaculation, to assess the effects of Shengli capsules on the sexual ability of the rats. The Castrated Animal Impotence Model was employed to determine the erectile latency period and the function parameters of the preputial gland, seminal vesicle and prostate, so as to test the effects of Shengli on the development of the rats'sexual organs.

RESULTSShengli was proved to be effective in shortening copulation latency in the dose groups of 0.35, 0.70 and 1.40 g / kg (P < 0.01), increasing significantly the frequency of capture in the high- and low-dose groups of 0.35 and 1.40 g / kg (P < 0.05), reducing the latency period to erection in the low-dose group of 0.35 g / kg, and blocking the shrink of the seminal vesicle and prostate in the medium-dose group of 0.70 g / kg.

CONCLUSIONShengli is significantly effective in enhancing the sexual ability of male rats: it can boost libido, increase erection frequency and improve sexual performance. However, further studies have yet to be done on its action mechanisms.

Animals ; Capsules ; Copulation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Female ; Male ; Orchiectomy ; Ovariectomy ; Penile Erection ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; drug effects

OBJECTIVETo observe the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and Western medicine (WM) treatments on mycoplasmal pneumonia in children and the changes in the serum cytokines.

METHODSNinety children with mycoplasmal pneumonia were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group. TCM was given orally and azithromycin at the daily dose of 10 mg/kg was administered intravenously in the treatment group. In the control group, only intravenous azithromycin was given. After a 7-day treatment, the response rate, time of symptom disappearance, and serum levels of IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha were observed.

RESULTSThe total response rate was 93.33% in the treatment group and 73.33% in the control group, showing a significantly better therapeutic effect in the treatment group (P<0.05). The combined treatments also showed better effects in alleviating fever, coughing and rales (P<0.05), and resulted in more obvious reduction in the serum levels of cytokines (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCombined treatment with TCM and WM produce good therapeutic effects in children with mycoplasmal pneumonia.

Azithromycin ; therapeutic use ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Cytokines ; blood ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Phytotherapy ; Pneumonia, Mycoplasma ; blood ; drug therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Objective we assessed our institutional outcomes of hybrid treatment for aortic arch disease with supra-aortic debranching and endovascular stent graft repair.Methods From March 2016 to November 2016,6 patients underwent Hybrid total aortic arch repair:1 had aortic arch pseudoaneurysm;1 had type Ⅲ aortic dissection;4 had aortic arch aneurysm because of hypotension,of whom 1 with aneurysm prerupture and 1 with Aortic intramural hematoma.Supra-aortic vessels were involved and high-risk for traditional operations in all patients.Bifurcated artificial vessels were used,main vessel was end-to-side anastomosed with ascending aorta.Branching vessel were end-to-end anastomosed with right innominate artery and left subclavian artery,end-to-side anastomosed with left common carotid artery.Then,stent graft was implanted into ascending aorta and aortic arch.All patients were followed postoperatively,with regularly contrast computed tomography angiogram (CTA) and echocardiography(discharge,three months,six months,and yearly).Results Hybrid procedure with supra-aortic debranching and endovascular stent graft repair were completed in all patients,technical success rate was 100％.There were no perioperative obvious morbidity and mortality,follow-up period were 2-9 months.1 patients had stroke during follow-up period,condition improved after treatment.Supra-aortic vessels were patency and there were no endoleak in all patients.There were no recurrent aortic disease during follow-up period.Conclusion Hybrid aortic arch replacement can be performed with good postoperative and early results in high-risk patients for traditional open repair.

Objective: To elucidate the possible mechanism responsible for the improved protection of terminal warm blood cardioplegia (TWBC) after hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) through analysis of tubulin (TB) components changes in myocardial cells exposed to TWBC. Methods: Stable animal models of CPB were established in cats, which were then randomly divided into 2 groups. Group Ⅰ was subjected to intermittent cold blood cardioplegia (ICBC) whereas group Ⅱ to ICBC followed by TWBC before uncross-clamping. Left ventricular performance was then monitored and evaluated by LVSP, LVEDP, ±dp/dtmax and t-dp/dtmax in both groups and semi-quantitive analysis was conducted with Western blot method as to the content and constitution of TB in myocardial cells at 15 min, 120 min after aortic crossclamping (ACC) and 5 min,15 min, 60 min,120 min after reperfusion. Results: Within 120 min after reperfusion, systolic and diastolic functions decreased significantly in group Ⅰ as compared with group Ⅱ(P<0.05). At 115 min after ACC and 15 min after reperfusion, the content of free and polymerized TB in both groups had no difference (P>0.05). At 120 min after ACC and 5 minutes after reperfusion, there was a significant difference between groupⅠ andⅡ (P<0.01). Conclusion: TWBC accelerates the repolymerization of myocardial TB during hypothermic CPB, which may mediate the improved cardiac performance in the early stage of myocardial reperfusion.

Objective:To explore the level and influencing factors of treatment costs for patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for reducing the economic burden of patients with pneumoconiosis and optimizing the rational allocation of medical resources.Methods:In August 2020, the multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to obtain the treatment cost information of pneumoconiosis patients from January to December 2018 in 1123 sample medical institutions. The average cost per time of 2178 outpatients and 7425 inpatients was described, and the differences in the distribution of hospitalization costs for patients with pneumoconiosis were compared by one-way analysis of variance, and a multiple linear regression model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization costs for patients with pneumoconiosis.Results:The average cost of outpatients with pneumoconiosis was 465.88 yuan, and the average cost of inpatients was 12280.63 yuan. There were statistically significant differences in hospitalization expenses among different age, institution level, institution type, length of hospital stay and type of insured ( F=10.49, 402.92, 416.35, 2390.48, 1298.14, P<0.001) . Age, length of hospital stay, reimbursement ratio, and institution level were influencing factors of the total hospitalization expenses of patients with pneumoconiosis ( t=5.27, 62.20, 22.35, 21.20, P<0.001) . Conclusion:Patients with pneumoconiosis have a heavy burden of treatment costs. Age, length of hospital stay, institution level and reimbursement ratio are the main influencing factors of hospitalization costs. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and treatment of key populations, standardize the use of medical insurance, and promote the rational allocation of medical resource to reduce the cost burden of pneumoconiosis patients.

Objective:To explore the level and influencing factors of treatment costs for patients with pneumoconiosis, and to provide a basis for reducing the economic burden of patients with pneumoconiosis and optimizing the rational allocation of medical resources.Methods:In August 2020, the multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to obtain the treatment cost information of pneumoconiosis patients from January to December 2018 in 1123 sample medical institutions. The average cost per time of 2178 outpatients and 7425 inpatients was described, and the differences in the distribution of hospitalization costs for patients with pneumoconiosis were compared by one-way analysis of variance, and a multiple linear regression model was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of hospitalization costs for patients with pneumoconiosis.Results:The average cost of outpatients with pneumoconiosis was 465.88 yuan, and the average cost of inpatients was 12280.63 yuan. There were statistically significant differences in hospitalization expenses among different age, institution level, institution type, length of hospital stay and type of insured ( F=10.49, 402.92, 416.35, 2390.48, 1298.14, P<0.001) . Age, length of hospital stay, reimbursement ratio, and institution level were influencing factors of the total hospitalization expenses of patients with pneumoconiosis ( t=5.27, 62.20, 22.35, 21.20, P<0.001) . Conclusion:Patients with pneumoconiosis have a heavy burden of treatment costs. Age, length of hospital stay, institution level and reimbursement ratio are the main influencing factors of hospitalization costs. It is recommended to strengthen the prevention and treatment of key populations, standardize the use of medical insurance, and promote the rational allocation of medical resource to reduce the cost burden of pneumoconiosis patients.

Fingerprint technology is the key technology in modern Chinese medicine research, while spectrum-effect relationship research is the advanced stage of fingerprint research. Spectrum-effect relationship research can reveal the relationship between fingerprint and pharmacological effect through multiple statistical analyses, which can be used in Chinese medicine research. Spectrum-effect relationship has been used in many areas of Chinese medicine research, such as effective basis of single and compound Chinese medicine research, component compatibility research, processing mechanism research, pharmacological effect forecast research, technology optimization research, and so on. This paper systematically reviewed the application of spectrum-effect relationship in Chinese medicine research, and indicated some problems in spectrum-effect relationship research. At last, the authors give an outlook of the future of spectrum-effect relationship research.
Animals ; Biomedical Research ; China ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Spectrum Analysis

OBJECTIVETo diagnose achondroplasia prenatally by FGFR3 gene detection.

METHODSSeventy-eight fetuses affected by short-limb dysplasias were recruited. Umbilical blood sampling was employed to obtain fetal blood for karyotyping and FGFR3 gene detection. Genomic DNA was extracted, and the exon 10 of the FGFR3 gene was amplified. PCR amplicons were analyzed by DNA sequencing and restriction fragment length polymorphism with Bfm I. The FGFR3 exon 10 from the parents of the positive fetuses was screened by the same method.

RESULTSIn 78 fetuses affected with short-limb dysplasias, 8 cases had G1138A heterozygotic mutation and normal karyotype, and were diagnosed as achondroplasia. The other 70 fetuses had normal nucleotide at nucleotide 1138 in exon 10 of FGFR3, therefore were excluded from achondroplasia. Only one father in parents of the 8 achondroplasia fetuses also had the G1138A mutation.

CONCLUSIONAchondroplasia could be diagnosed prenatally in the fetuses affected with short-limb dysplasias by using PCR-RFLP and DNA sequencing of the exon 10 of the FGFR3 gene.

Achondroplasia ; diagnosis ; genetics ; DNA Mutational Analysis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; methods ; Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 3 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship between the expression of Survivin and Ki67 with prognosis of pancreatic endocrine tumors (PETs).

METHODSImmunohistochemistry for Survivin and Ki67 was performed in 25 cases of normal pancreatic tissues and 81 cases of PETs by tissue microarrays and to observe the expression and evaluate the relationship with prognosis.

RESULTS(1)The expression of Survivin and Ki67 in PETs was significantly higher than that in normal pancreatic tissues (P <0.01); (2)The expression of Survivin and Ki67 in PETs was correlated with tissue grading and the TNM-staging (P < 0.05), but not related with tumor size, location and functional status. In addition, the expression of nuclear Survivin was association with lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). (3)The high expression of Ki67 was related with the expression of nuclear Survivin, but not related with the expression of cytoplasmic Survivin.

CONCLUSIONSurvivin and Ki67 were both expressed in PETs, which were closely related to the clinical pathological characteristics. They could be used as new indicators in the evaluation of prognosis of PETs. The expression of Survivin in nucleus had more diagnostic significance than that in cytoplasm, and that could be highly correlated with lymph node metastasis, which would be used as a new marker of poor prognosis.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Cell Nucleus ; metabolism ; Cytoplasm ; metabolism ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; metabolism ; Ki-67 Antigen ; metabolism ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Prognosis