Objective To investigate the status of blood sugar control among gestational diabetes and self-efficacy,and explore the effects of implementation of systemic health education,self-efficacy on blood sugar control.Methods Totals of 80 gestational diabetes were randomly divided into experimental group and control group,40 cases per group.Experimental group received systemic health education intervention while control group received conventional treatment,then blood sugar control and self-efficacy in two groups were compared before and after intervention.Results Fasting blood-glucose of experimental group was(6.12 ± 0.66)mmol/L before intervention,and after intervention four weeks that was(5.85 ± 0.55)mmol/L,and the difference was statistically significant(t =3.16,P ＜ 0.05).After intervention 8 weeks,fasting blood-glucose of experimental group was(5.16 ± 0.55)mmol/L and control group was(5.95 ± 0.32)mmol/L,and the difference was statistically significant(t =4.327,P ＜ 0.05).The score of experimental group was(28.47 ± 4.12)and control group was (7.56 ± 0.28),and the difference was statistically significant(t =5.341,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions Systematic health education can improve the blood glucose control level of gestational diabetes,and the higher self-efficacy,the easier blood-glucose control.so it should to take relative systematic health education to improve patients' self-efficacy,and to promote their blood-glucose control.

Objective To study the attitude of pregnant women with exercise during pregnancy,the level of knowledge related to exercise and training needs,in order to provide references for further guidance to pregnant women.Methods A total of 127 late pregnant women whose gestational period was over 36 weeks from March to April 2012 in Beijing Friendship Hospital were chosen by convenience sampling,and investigated with a self-designed questionnaire about cognition of exercise.Results One hundred and thirty questionnaires were handed out and 127 were recovered,with the rate of 97.7％.97.6％ pregnant women believed exercise during pregnancy was necessary,and only 4.7％ thought exercise during the whole pregnancy trimester was safe.The average score of their knowledge about exercise was (13.13 ± 3.83),with the correct rate of 62.7％.Pregnant women whose standard of culture was technical secondary school,high school and below scored (10.44 ±4.32),whose standard of culture was junior college and undergraduate course scored (13.23 ± 3.57),whose standard of culture was master and above scored (15.06 ± 3.83),and the difference was statistically significant (F =6.852,P ＜0.01).Pregnant women form city scored (13.32 ± 3.75),and those from rural area scored (8.60 ± 2.88),and the difference was statistically significant (t =2.774,P ＜ 0.01).Only 4.7％ pregnant women received regular training on exercise-related knowledge,70.9％ believed it was necessary,66.9％hoped to get training in hospital where they had prenatal examination,and 59.8％ thought it would be better for professionals to conduct training.Conclusions Most pregnant women believe exercise during pregnancy is very necessary,but their cognition of its safety has room for improvement.Most of them are short of related knowledge and regular training.Hospitals can increase training and guidance on exercise during pregnancy and provide individualized service according to their needs.

Capsid ; Cell Line ; Dependovirus ; genetics ; Genetic Therapy ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; therapy ; Plasmids ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transfection

Bone Diseases ; etiology ; surgery ; Chronic Disease ; Epidermal Cyst ; etiology ; surgery ; Femur ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Osteomyelitis ; complications

BACKGROUND: Weight gain during pregnancy reflects the mother's nutritional status. However, it may be affected by nutritional therapy and exercise interventions used to control blood sugar in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). This study aimed to evaluate weight gain during gestation and pregnancy outcomes among women with GDM. METHODS: A retrospective study involving 1523 women with GDM was conducted between July 2013 and July 2016. Demographic data, gestational weight gain (GWG), blood glucose, glycated-hemoglobin level, and maternal and fetal outcomes were extracted from medical records. Relationships between GWG and pregnancy outcomes were investigated using multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: In total, 451 (29.6%) women showed insufficient GWG and 484 (31.8%) showed excessive GWG. Excessive GWG was independently associated with macrosomia (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.20, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.50-3.52, P < 0.001), large for gestational age (aOR 2.06, 95% CI 1.44-2.93, P < 0.001), small for gestational age (aOR 0.49, 95% CI 0.25-0.97, P = 0.040), neonatal hypoglycemia (aOR 3.80, 95% CI 1.20-12.00, P = 0.023), preterm birth (aOR 0.45, 95% CI 0.21-0.96, P = 0.040), and cesarean delivery (aOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.13-1.87, P = 0.004). Insufficient GWG increased the incidence of preterm birth (aOR 3.53, 95% CI 1.96-6.37, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Both excessive and insufficient weight gain require attention in women with GDM. Nutritional therapy and exercise interventions to control blood glucose should also be used to control reasonable weight gain during pregnancy to decrease adverse pregnancy outcomes.
Adult ; Body Mass Index ; Diabetes, Gestational ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Female ; Fetal Macrosomia ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Retrospective Studies ; Weight Gain ; physiology