Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Thymoma ; surgery ; therapy

Objective To explore the superiority and clinical efficacy of endoscopic thyroidectomy via breast approach in treatment of thyroid diseases .At the same time evaluation of endoscopic application value in the treatment of the disease .Methods Retrospective analysis of menstrual breast approach endoscopic 20 patients with benign thy-roid tumor patient clinical data ,and with the same period in 20 cases of thyroid cancer patients underwent convention-al operation of undergraduate clinical comparativeanalysis .Results Cavity mirrors the operative time , intraoperative blood loss,postoperative flow,length of hospital stay,postoperative complications and beauty satisfaction respectively (97.2 ±15.6)min,(17.8 ±8.6)mL,(30.2 ±11.8)mL,(4.7 ±0.9)d,15%,90%;the traditional group respec-tively(70.3 ±19.0)min,(24.6 ±15.2)mL,(35.6 ±19.6)mL,(5.2 ±0.6)d,10%,30%.Two groups of postoper-ative hospital stay,led traffic,beauty satisfaction difference had statistical significance (t=-2.203,-2.427,χ2 =54.432,all P<0.05).Conclusion Laparoscopic operation for treatment of thyroid disease has the advantages of small operation wound ,fewer complications ,and without scar on the neck ,which is an ideal minimally invasive opera-tion treatment .

Object Polysaccharide constituents in the seed of Cuscuta chinensis Lam were investigated Methods Individual constituent was isolated and purified by DEAE cellulose and gel filtration chromatography, and its structural features were further studied by physicochemical constants, and spectral analysis Results Two polysaccharides, named H6 and H8, were obtained from alkalescent or boiling water extract fractions, respectively The molecular mass of H6 was 3 14?10 5 and that of H8 was more than 1 0?10 6 Both structures were found to be complex neutral heteropolysaccharides composed of Ara, Rha, Gal and Xyl Conclusion These polysaccharides were obtained from this plant for the first time

0.05).However,HCT2s of right side and left side were significantly negatively correlated to age(r=-0.606,-0.522;P=0.000,0.000).Conclusion HCT2s in healthy Chinese aged 10~59 year measured on SE dual echo images are quite stable,and age is an influencing factor of HCT2,but not side,sex and handedness.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of different pressure oxygen pre-breathing in preventing decompression sickness of rats.

METHODSForty male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: decompression sickness (DCS) group and three oxygen pre-breathing groups with 1 ATA, 2 ATA and 3 ATA pressure respectively. The rats of DCS group were placed in the hyperbaric chamber and the chamber was compressed evenly within 3 minutes to depths of 7 absolute atmosphere(ATA) and held at the designated depth for 60 min, then decompressed (3 min) at constant speed to the surface pressure. After that, the rats were taken out for further detection. While the rats of oxygen pretreatment groups pre-breathed different pressure oxygen for 20 min before entering into chamber. The mortality and behavioral of rats were observed with 30 min post decompression. The dry/wet ratio of the lung, protein levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and the inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) expression were also tested.

RESULTSCompared with that of the DCS group, the mortality and morbidity of oxygen pre-breathe groups didn't change obviously. But the total BALF protein level and the inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha expression of 1 ATA oxygen pre-breathe group were obviously decreased, while the dry/wet ratio of lung as obviously increased instead (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONAlthough preoxygenation can' t obviously change the mortality and mobidity of rats, normal pressure oxygen pre-breathing can mitigate the protein infiltration in BALF and the expression of inflammatory cytokine in lung tissue.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Decompression Sickness ; Diving ; Lung ; pathology ; Oxygen ; physiology ; Pressure ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

Sixty male rats divided into the control and the gelatin group were fed with 20% protein synthetic diet. The diet for the former group contained 24% casein, whereas for the latter 11% gelatin and 12% casein. , Having been fed for some days, all rats were irradiated with 875 rad (LD85-90). The main results were summarized as follows;1. The gelatin group had higher survival rate than the control group. 2. The body weight of gelatin group was less declined than that of control group and then much restored than the latter. 3. The survival time of dying rats within 14 days following the exposure to 875 rad in gelatin group was more longer than that in control group. 4. The gelatin group had less biological lesions than the control group.It was suggested that the gelatin diet had distinctly prophylactic-therapeutic action on acute radiation damage and its mechanism was probably related to the prevention from disturbance of collagen metabolism.

Objective Platelet aggregation, activation induced by bubbles is the main cause of decompression sick-ness.Clopidogrel(Clo) can decrease platelet aggregation through inhibiting the bind of fibrinogen and ADP .This study is designed to find if Clopidogrel can paly a protective role in decompression sickness and explore the intervention mechanism . Methods Totally 111 male SD rats divided into 3 groups:normal control group (n=20), decompression sickness(DCS) group(n=46), and DCS+Clo(Clopidogrel)treated decompression sickness (DCS+Clo)group(n=45).The rats in DCS and DCS+Clo group were placed in chamber and compressed to 1.5 MPa at speed of 2t/4 , the time of compression and res-idence was 4.5 min totally, then decompressed to surface at a speed of 3 m/s.The mortality and behavioral of rats were ob-served within 30 min post decompression .The pathology and the wet/dry ratio of lung , WBC and platelet counts in periph-eral blood, the expression of activated platelets , and immunohistochemical detection of lung tissue CD 41 expression were also been tested .Results We found Clo reduces the DCS mortality risk ( mortality rate:11/45 in DCS+Clo group vs 28/46 in DCS group, P<0.01).Clo reduced the lung injury, the wet/dry ratio of lung, the accumulation of platelet and leu-kocyte in lung , the WBC counts and activated platelets in peripheral blood .Conclusion Clo can play a protective role in decompression sickness through reducing post-decompression platelet consumption and activation , decreasing the activation of leukocytes .

Objective The aim of this study was to explore possible pharmacokinetic factors and develop a population pharmacokinetic model for remifentanil in adult patients.Methods Eleven healthy patients,undergoing elective major abdominal surgery,aged 25 to 86 years,received random-ly remifentanil 0.3μg·kg-1 ·min-1 (group R3),or 0.6μg·kg-1 ·min-1 (group R6).Frequent ar-terial blood samples were drawn according to predetermined time and assayed for remifentanil concen-tration.Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling (NONMEM)was used to evaluate the time courses of the measured concentrations.The covariates include age,bodyweight (WT),gender,lean body mass (LBM),body mass index (BMI)and body surface area (BSA).Results The pharmacokinetic data of remifentanil were well described using a three-compartment linear model with first-order elimination from the central compartment.Forward analysis showed that age,height and body mass index (BMI) does not affect the pharmacokinetic parameters,which are contrast with body weight,lean body mass (LBM),body surface area (BSA)and gender;further analysis demonstrated only a significant effect of body weight on remifentanil systemic clearance (CL)and volume of the central compartment (V). For typical 60 years patients,PK parameters were:V1 =7.64 L,V2 =4.81 L,V3 =4.34 L,CL1 =2.74 L/min,CL2 = 0.738 L/min,CL3 = 0.0905 L/min.Conclusion The pharmacokinetics of remifentanil is consistent with its rapid elimination by blood and tissue esterase in Chinese patients. The systemic clearance and volume of distribution of central compartment increases with body weight in the population and the range of covariates studied,which suggests that a patient with greater body weight needs a greater initial dose and maintenance infusion rate higher to obtain a stable plasma con-centrations and clinical effects.

Objective To investigate the clinical value of color Doppler flow imaging(CDFI) in the diagnosis and clinical follow-up of retinopathy of prematurity(ROP).Methods From March 2008 to February 2009,98 eyes of 49 premature infants(gestational age≤37 weeks,or birth weight≤2 000 g) underwent ROP screening by RetCam digital retinal camera and indirect ophthalmoscopy in the fourth to sixth postnatal week.At the same time,they were also examined by 8-14 MHz CDFI.Results Determined by RetCam digital retinal camera and indirect ophthalmoscopy,ROP was found in 41 eyes,including 8 eyes at stage Ⅰ,19 eyes at stage Ⅱ,6 eyes at stage Ⅲ,8 eyes at scarring stage and no eye at stage Ⅳ andⅤ.Compared with ophthalmologic examination,the specificity of CDFI for ROP diagnosis was 85.5%,and the sensitivity was 76.7%.Detected by CDFI,typical changes were not found in the infants with ROP at stage Ⅰ.In the infants with ROP at stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ,abundant blood flow signals were found in the central retinal artery(CRA).Increased amounts of the small vessels and irregular circuitousness were also observed.There was no obvious change in the systolic velocity(VS) of CRA.The diastolic velocity(Vd) was decreased and the resistance index(RI) was increased.A strong zonal echo protruded into the vitreum.Small blood flow signals which came from CRA by tracing toward their distal end were found in the same position using CDFI.Conclusions Detected by CDFI,the sonographic features of infants with ROP at stage Ⅰ are not typical,but those of infants with ROP at stage Ⅱ and Ⅲ are specific.CDFI is valuable in clinical ROP screening of high risk group.

Aim To observe the changes of endothelin receptors and their subtypes of left ventricules in normal SD rats and dilated cardiomyopathy rats. Methods To establish the best conditions of the binding experiment, different protein concentrations, incubation temperature ?and?incubating?time?were?tested? with 125 I-ET-1 ligand respectively. With the selected conditions, saturation binding experiments were performed to determine the amount of endothelin receptor and its subtypes in normal SD rats and in dilated cardiomyopathy ones. Results (1) The optimal incubating temperature was 37 ℃. Under this condition, the binding amount of 125 I-ET-1 increased rapidly in 0～30 minutes, and reached to saturation point at 60 minutes, and there was a linear correlation between 125 I-ET-1 binding amount and cell membrane protein concentration. (2) Endothelin-1, bosentan,BQ123,BQ788 etc. could competitively suppress the bound of 125 I-ET-1 to endothelin receptors. (3) The amount of endothelin receptor in left ventricle of dilated cardiomyopathy rats was ( 92.21? 34.34) nmol?kg -1 protein, which was significantly low than that in normal SD ones. There was no change on the ratio of endothelin receptor subtypes A and B. Conclusion 125I-ET-1 can be used to determine the amount of endothelin receptor and its subtypes in varied tissues specifically. The amount of endothelin receptor in left ventricle of dilated cardiomyopathy rats is down regulated, but the ratio of endothelin receptor subtype A vs B remains to be 21.