The pulmonary surfactant protein D ( SP-D) plays an important role in host defense and innate immunity of the lung.It has increasing evidences that SP-D involves in the pathogenesis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)infection.Recent studies have demonstrated that SP-D can be used for treating infectious and inflammatory diseases of the lung .Here is to make a review on SP-D structure, function , relationship between RSV and pulmonary inflammatory disease treatment .aiming to provide some assistance for treatment of RSV infection .

A description of the positioning of public hospitals in China, and an exploration of such issues as their compensation mechanism, management system, and operation mechanism. The authors hold that it is imperative to maintain a reasonable balance of the government, society and individuals in their share of healthcare expenditure, prioritize funding recipients, and encourage medical cost payment based on disease diagnosis groupings; to precisely distinguish the ownership, operation right, decision right, and supervision right of public hospitals, for building an effective incentive and supervision mechanism; to further consolidate the president responsibility system and target responsibility system, build a flexible talent use system and distribution mechanism, build a better quality control mechanism, a strict expenditure and cost control mechanism, and a scientific talent development mechanism as well.

The TV arthroscope signal is turned into digital video signal through a video capture card,and then the digital signal is recorded and stored through a computer.Edge detection and tracking algorithm for image are used to process and analyze the acquired digital image of arthrosis.Based on the image processing,the shape parameters of the position with pathological changes can be measured automatically.Results show that these methods are very effective.This study provides some valuable materials for the further autorecognition research of endoscopic image.

Objective To evaluate the curative effect of transurethral electrosection for the treatment of bladder neck sclerosis in senile patients. Methods Clinical data of 36 aged patients with bladder neck sclerosis treated by transurethral electrosection in this hospital from February to September, 2000, were reviewed. The curative effect was evaluated according to the improvement of dysuria, residual urine volume (RUV) and Qmax before and after the surgery. Results Follow-up for 3～18 months (mean, 7 months) in 30 patients showed an effective rate of 86.7% (26/30) and no severe complications. Conclusions Transurethral electrosection is an effective alternative for bladder neck sclerosis in senile men.

Because the rehabilitation process is too long and its effect is non-significant, stroke patients are prone to showing over-reliance on their families, being unconfident in their abilities, and they usually miscommunicate with medical staff, in fact, the reason why they have these problems is that they didn't manifest appropriate ego states, so they couldn't communicate with families and medical staff healthily,which is extremely unfavorable for stroke rehabilitation. So-called ego state is individual mentality and corresponding behavior patterns.This paper used ego state concept in transactional analysis theory to describe the change of stroke patients' ego states, and analyze the communication patterns among patients, medical staffs and families, in order to assist patients to be aware of their own ego states, and present them properly, develop healthy communication, and promote the rehabilitation of the disease in the end.

The circle of Willis is the major cerebral collateral circulation.Its anatomical variation is in populations higher.The previous studies showed that anatomical variation in circle of Willis was an independent risk factor for cerebral ischemia.This article reviews the relationship between the various anatomical variation types of the circle of Willis and cerebral ischemia.

Biliary tract carcinoma is a rare cancer with poor prognosis.Although having limited clinical benefit,chemotherapy represents the cornerstone of management for patients with inoperable and postoperative recurrence of cholangiocarcinoma.Substantial breakthroughs in the study of chemotherapy for treatment in advanced cholangiocarcinoma are rare due to the heterogeneity of cholangiocarcinoma,the use of various chemotherapeutic agents and the small size of existing patient cohorts.Currently,no standard chemotherapeutic strategies exist for cholangiocarcinoma,though some combinatorial stratagies,such as gemcitabine plus cisplatin,have proven to prolong survival significantly.Still,further studies are needed to improve the treatment of patients with biliary tract cancer.

Objective To explore the effect of 3-month-exposure to high altitude(4400 m) on military cognitive func-tion.Methods Using pre-post paired t-testdesign, thirty-seven male recruits were enrolled , eight cognitive function variables, including reaction time, speed-perception, time-perception, operating-dexterity, memory span, depth-percep-tion, short-term memory and attention span , were analyzed by paired comparison .Results After 3-month-exposure to 4400 m high altitude, movement time (P<0.05) was shortened, speed-perception became more accurate (P<0.05),memory span and short-term memory both declined slightly(P<0.05), and the errors in depth perception deteriorated (P<0.05). Moreover , the depth-perception was more prone to′see close′.Conclusion During the 3-month-exposure to higher altitude environments , many of the cognitive functions of soldiers may be damaged to different extents , and the negative effect on re-action and movement time , depth-perception and memory is more remarkable .

Widely accepted in other countries,DRG payment is also referred to in China now and then.The authors reviewed the status quo of medical payment in China,as well as the practices and studies of DRG payment overseas.Based on such studies,the paper probed into the feasibility of DRG application in China,in terms of policy environment,application demand,research basis and technical conditions.Proposed in the paper are ranges of application,possible roadblocks and countermeasures for the application in China,aiming to promote the research,application and use of the method in China.

Objective To observe the effect of radiotherapy and chemoradiotherapy in patients with esophageal cancer and analyze the associated factors of surviving with esophageal patients.Methods 60 cases were retrospectively analyzed in the study.They were divided into two groups according to the treatment methods,radiotherapy(RT)group and chemoraidiotherapy(CRT)group.The group CRT was divided into concurrent chemoraidiotherapy(CCRT)group and sequence chemoraidiotherapy(SCRT)group.The group RT and group CRT all use 6mvX line conventional therapy,common fraction 200 Gy/f,DT 60 to 70 Gy,Group CRT combine the chemotherapy concurrent or after radiotherapy.Results The 1,2,3 year survival rate of the group CRT and the group RT are 73.30%,46.70%,16.67%and 60.30%,16.67%,6.67% respectively,2 year survival of group CRT is beaer than group RT(P＜0.05).(2)The 1,2,3 year survival rate of the group SCRT and CCRT are 88.89%,55.55%,22.22% and 84.21%,47.37%,15.79% respectively.The short-term side-effect is more serious,the patients could bear.The prognosis of the esophageal carcinoma is closely associated with treatment methods and clinical stage.Conclusion Chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy for advanced esophageal cancer improved the survival.Chemoradiotherapy is an effective treatment for advanced esophageal carcinoma,diagnosis and treatments in early stage are especially important.