Objective: To study the morphologic differences and nutritional components of the natural and broken Masson pine pollen. Methods: Pure pollen was collected from Masson pine (Pinus Massoniana Lamb) and the dry pollen was broken by high speed low temperature air flow technique. Their morphologic changes were observed under scan electronic microscopy. The nutritional components of pollen were analyzed.Results: The pollen particle consists of two air bags and one main part, like a mushroom cap. The main morphologic change of broken pollen was that the air bags were separated from pollen particles, and the main part of pollen particles became enriched. The physical characteristics of pollen were changed in container and its fluidity was lost. The broken pollen had very strong adhesiveness. So it could not fly like natural pollen. In broken pollen, the rough fiber, cellulose and semi cellulose contents decreased significantly. Total energy, total lipid, and starch contents increased remarkably. The water soluble and fat soluble components also increased greatly. The total amino acids content of broken pollen was higher than natural pollen except Cys, Arg and Met, and free amino acids were also higher except Cys, Gly and Met. In broken pollen, the amount of lipids extracted by ether increased sharply, nearly 7 times more than natural pollen.Conclusion: It is considered that some nutritional components of natural pollen can be released after broken. Because most of the lipids in pollen are easily oxidized, broken pollen can not be stored for long time.

The implantation of the foldable multifocal intraocular lens,a new pseudophakia intraocular substitute,needs only a small incision and the post-operative complications are rare.The incoming light can be refracted into several fo-cuses.Improved visual acuities both for far and near distance are obtained,which downregulated the glasses-wearing rate.This article summarizes the theories and designs,implantation,clinical application,theropeutic outcomes,and complications of this type of multifocal intraocular lens.

Dental Implantation ; Dental Scaling ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; complications ; Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Periodontitis ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; therapy ; Radiography, Panoramic

Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Chest Pain ; therapy ; Exercise Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

The volatile oil is the main component in the leaves of Perilla frutescens. According to the main types of monoterpenoids or aromatic compounds, it can be divided into different chemotypes and the main chemotypes of Chinese producing Perilla are PA type (mainly containing Perilla aldehyde and limonene), PK type (mainly containing perillaketone) and PP type (subdivided as PP-a type, with apiole as its main component; PP-m type, with myristicin as its main component; PP-e type, with elemicin as main component; PP-as type, with asarone as main component). Based on the biosynthetic pathways analysis, we also found that the formation of the particular chemotype is usually controlled by a single gene or a few genes, and different types have different pharmacological effects. In this paper, the classification under the species P. frutescens, main chemotypes of the volatile oil, and their biogenesis and regulation, pharmacological effect and influence factors are summarized and reviewed.
Animals ; Humans ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; pharmacology ; toxicity ; Perilla frutescens ; chemistry ; classification ; metabolism ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry

ObjectiveTo investigate the distribution of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)subtypes and the relationship with transmission routes in Shenzhen city. MethodsThe epidemiological survey was conducted in 429 subjects with HIV-1 infection.Vein blood was collected and prepared with anticoagulation.Thereafter,the viral nucleic acid was extracted and subsequently amplified for HIV-1 env,gag genes by reverse transcription nested polymerase chain reaction. The viral sequences were analyzed using Mega software and compared with those in HIV database. The HIV-1 subtypes were confirmed and evolutionary tree was established. The gene discrete rate of different subtypes was calculated.ResultsFour hundred qualified samples were identified as CRF01_AE (n=207),CRF07_BC (n=115),CRF08 _BC (n=14),CRF02_AG (n=1),B (n=49) and C(n=14),respectively.CRF01_AE was the predominant subtype that was detected in the subjects with different transmission routes,such as homosexual contact,heterosexual contact,intravenous drug use and hospital-acquired infection. Among these,sexual contact was the most common route.There were nine cases infected with subtype B HIV-1 in 10 case who were blood borne. The gene discrete rate was more significant in subtype B HIV-1 compared to the other subtypes.According to the evolutionary tree analysis,the viruses under the same subtype formed the relatively independent clusters by different transmission routes. But some overlaps were observed as well. Conclusions Tbere are many HIV-1subtypes in HIV-1 infected subjects in Shenzhen, while the recombinant viruses present as the predominant form.Transmission routes are various with sexual contact as the most common route.Every subset distributes unevenly and forms its own characteristic.Overlap can be observed among the gene distribution of different HIV-1 subtypes.

Objective: To explore levels of salivary IgA, lysozyme, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and total proteins in unstimulated (UWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of caries-free children. Methods: 94 caries-free children, aged from 42 to 54 months, were recruited from urban kindergartens in Beijing. 2 ml UWS and 2 ml SWS were collected from each child to measure salivary IgA, lysozyme, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase and total proteins. Results:1) There were no differences in salivary proteins between boys and girls in both UWS and SWS, except total proteins. In UWS, the concentration of total proteins in girls was lower than that in boys (P0.05). 2) The concentration of IgA in SWS was significantly lower than that in UWS (P0.05). Conclusion:In 3-to 4-year old children, the protein composition in stimulated whole saliva is different from that in unstimulated whole saliva, and it is also different between genders. Therefore, it is more reliable to measure salivary proteins in both UWS and SWS when studying saliva of children.

Objective To analyze the clinical diagnosis and therapeutic effect of primary middle lobe lung cancer,in order to provide evidence for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods The clinical data of 45 cases of primary middle lobe lung cancer treated by surgery from January 2002 to January 2007 were ana- lyzed retrospectively.The operation style includes:simple middle lobectomy 12 cases(26.7 %),middle or up- per lobectomy 10 cases(22.2 %),right lung total resection 5 cases(11.1%).Chest exploration was done on 2 cases(4.44 %),palliative resection or vedged resection 2 cases(4.44 %).Results 1 case died from lung in- fection and respiratory failure(2.22 %).15 cases with arrhythmia (33.3 %), 1 case with chylothorax were cured after conservative treatment.The survival rate of 1,3,5 year were 82.1%,64.3 %,32.1% respectively. Conclusion The treatment of primary middle lobe lung cancer is dominated by regular lobectomy. It is difficult to perform middle lobectomy,so double or total lobectomy is done generally.Owing to the more postoperative complications, it should be cautious to perform sleeve resection.It should be avoided to do vedged resection for primary middle lobe lung cancer in order to lessen local recurrence.

AIM: To evaluate the antioxidant activity of naringenin in human retinal pigment epithelium (ARPE-19) cells andhuman umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).·METHODS: MTT assay was used to measure theviability and proliferation of ARPE-19 cells and HUVEC.·RESULTS: Three and 10mg/L naringenin significantlyincreased the proliferation of ARPE-19 cells by 10.8% and11.4%, respectively. Ten mg/L naringenin increasedhypoxia-, 0.3mmol/L NAN3-, and 200μmol/L H2O2- induced damage of ARPE-19 cells by 55.2%, 69.2%, and50.3%, respectively. One mg/L naringenin increased theviability of 50μmol/L t-BHP-, and 30mg/L NalO3-treatedARPE-19 cells by 20.2% and 30.4%, respectively. Thirtymg/L naringenin also increased the proliferation of50μmol/L t-BHP-treated ARPE-19 cells by 32.2%, and1mg/L naringenin increased the proliferation of 30, 100and 300 mg/L NalO3-treated ARPE-19 cells by 30.3%,10.3% and 18.5%, respectively. The reduction of HUVECwas 23.9%, 70.4% and 77.9% in the 3, 10 and 30mg/Lnaringenin-treated groups, respectively. Furthermore, 1and 3mg/L naringenin increased hypoxia-induced damagein HUVEC by 10.7% and 13.1%, and 300mg/L NalO3- induced damage in HUVEC by 41.2% and 37.7%. Threemg/L naringenin increased 200 and 400μmol/L H2O2-in-jured HUVEC by 20.1% and 21.5%, respectively.·CONCLUSION: Naringenin increases the proliferation ofARPE-19 cells and inhibites the growth of HUVEC, and haspotent antioxidant activity in ARPE-19 cells and HUVEC.

Objective To explore the influence of carvedilol combined with diuretics on BNP and cardiac function of patients with mild to moderate cardiac insufficiency.Methods87 cases of patients with mild to moderate cardiac insufficiency treated in Zhejiang Greentown Cardiovascular Hospital from June 2014 to June 2016 were divided into the groups randomly.The control group of 44 cases were given carvedilol treatment, and the study group were combined with spironolactone treatment on the basis of the control group, with the total course for a month.Clinical effects were contrasted after a month of treatment in the two groups, in order to explore the influence of carvedilol combined with diuretics on BNP and cardiac function of patients with mild to moderate cardiac insufficiency.ResultsBefore treatment, there was no significant difference in serum BNP level between the control group and the study group.After treatment, serum BNP level significantly decreased when compared with those before treatment in the two groups (P< 0.05), which of the study group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P< 0.05).Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the levels of cardiac function indexes, and after treatment, heart rate, EF (%), FS (%), LVEDD (mm) the four indicators significantly improved when compared with those before treatment, and heart rate, LVEDD (mm) levels were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05), and EF (%), FS (%) levels were significantly higher thatn those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment, the significant effective rate (73.91%) and total effective rate (95.35%) in the study group were significantly higher than that of (56.82%) and(86.36%) in the control group (P<0.05).After treatment, body function, life satisfaction, mental health, social adjustment the four parts of quality of life index scores were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).ConclusionIt has obvious improvement effect of carvedilol combined with diuretics on BNP and cardiac function of patients with mild to moderate cardiac insufficiency.It is worthy of clinical application.