Brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)belongs to the neurotrophin family and abundantly expressed in the nervous system.It plays an essential role in the survival,development,function,morphogenesis and plasticity of neurons by binding to the tyresine receptor kinase B(TrkB)and subsequent downstream activation of several signal transduction pathways in the nervous system. The PI3K/Akt and the MAPK/ERK DathWays ale two major intracellular signaling network activated by BDNF involved in survival of neurons.Becently.it is investigated that BDNF and TrkB are involved in the pathophysiology of hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD)and in the mechanism of action of therapeutic agents.Therefore we image changing the internal or external condIitions can increase the expression of BDNF,thsu reduce the nervous system damage of HIBD.

Lumbar disc herniation is a common male disease. In the past, More academic attention was directed to its relationship with lumbago and leg pain than to its association with andrological diseases. Studies show that central lumber intervertebral disc herniation may cause cauda equina injury and result in premature ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, chronic pelvic pain syndrome, priapism, and emission. This article presents an overview on the correlation between central lumbar intervertebral disc herniation and andrological diseases, focusing on the aspects of etiology, pathology, and clinical progress, hoping to invite more attention from andrological and osteological clinicians.
Chronic Pain ; etiology ; Erectile Dysfunction ; etiology ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc Displacement ; complications ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; Male ; Pelvic Pain ; etiology ; Polyradiculopathy ; etiology ; Premature Ejaculation ; etiology ; Priapism ; etiology

Objective To investigate the effects of erythropoietin (EPO) on neuron apoptosis and expression of caspase-3 after excitotoxic brain injury induced by ibotenic acid (Ibo) in mice during different developmental stages.Methods A total of 144 healthy KM mice aged 7 d (n =48),21 d (n =48) and 42 d (n =48) were selected,and those of the same age were randomly (random number) divided into 3 groups:sham surgery group (n =16),Ibo group (n =16) and EPO treated group (n =16).Brain injury model was established by Ibo 1μl (5 μg) injected into left hippocampus.In EPO treated group,intraperitoneal injection of 5000 U/ (kg · d) EPO was performed for 3 consecutive days after injection of 1 μl Ibo into left hippocampus.Mice in sham surgery group and Ibo control group were treated with saline in the same dose instead.The pathological changes of neurons in hippocampus were observed 3 d after modeling in each group with Nissl staining,the level and activity of caspase-3 in hippocampus were determined by ABCELISA and spectrophotometry.Result After modeling,degeneration and death of neurons in hippocampuswith substantially decrease in number of intact neurons were found under light microscopy in Ibo group in comparison with sham surgery group.However,compared with the Ibo group,pathological changes in EPO treated group were less serious.The level of caspase-3 in Ibo control group was significantly higher than that in sham surgery group (P＜0.05),and the level of caspase-3 in EPO treated group was significantly lower than that in Ibo group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The level of caspase-3 is significantly up-regulated in hippocampus of mice with Ibo-induced brain injury,leading to neuron apoptosis.EPO mitigates brain injury and plays a role of protection on brain function,suggesting the mechanism is attributed to decrease in caspase-3.

P-glycoprotein is one of the members in the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters. It is expressed in many sites in vivo, and is correlated with multidrug resistance. Under physiological conditions, as an efflux pump, P-glycoprotein in the blood-brain barrier can eliminate endogenous substrates and xenobiotics to maintain the balance of internal environment. But at the same time, it also limits the concentration of therapeutic drugs in brain, and thus reduces therapeutic efficacy. P-glycoprotein inhibitors can get drugs across the blood-brain barrier. It is of great importance to improve the blood concentration in brain and bioavailability of central nervous system drugs.

Administration, Inhalation ; Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pulmonary ; drug therapy ; Nitric Oxide Donors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Nitroglycerin ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Nitroprusside ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use

Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Qi ; Thymoma ; surgery ; therapy

The theory of ascending and descending activities of qi is one basic theory that guides diagnosis and treatment of disease clinically. It has been esteemed by ancient physicians throughout their academic thinking and clinical diagnosis. As a kind of unbalanced disease in the whole body, the basic internal mechanism of tumor formation may be caused by unbalanced ascending and descending activities of qi. Better clinical efficacy is liable to get by applying the theory of ascending and descending activities of qi in cancer treatment. Therefore, we hope to provide a reference for clinicians from the following aspects: historical status and academic value of the theory of ascending and descending activities of qi, case examples and classical prescriptions.
Humans ; Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Qi

Objective To study curative efficacy of radix notoginseng saponin dispersible tablets combined with rivaroxaban in treatment of tibial fracture after operation and its effects on joint function and the leves of inflammatory factors .Methods 90 patients of tibial fracture who received therapy from March 2014 to March 2016 in our hospital were selected.According to random number table,all elective surgery,those patients were divided into the observation group (n=45) and the control group (n=45),the control group was treated with radix notoginseng saponin dispersible tablets,while the observation group was treated combined with rivaroxaban.After two weeks of treatment, the hemorheology, inflammatory factors, joint function were compared between two groups.Results The patient swelling time and bed time in the observation group were shorter than the control group (P<0.05);after treatment,the levels of red cell volume, whole blood viscosity,fibrinogen in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05);the levels of tumor necrosis factor TNF-α, IL-1,IL-6 in the observation group were lower than the control group (P<0.05);after treatment three months and six months,the Baird-Jackson scores in the observation group were higher than the control group (P <0.05).Conclusion Radix notoginseng saponin dispersible tablets combined with rivaroxaban is well for tibial fracture after operation,which can improve hemorheology,reduce the level of inflammatory factors,promote joint functional recovery.

Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl ; genetics ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive ; complications ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; etiology

Adolescent ; Cardiology ; methods ; trends ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Cost-Benefit Analysis ; methods ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; economics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Pediatrics ; methods ; trends ; Syncope, Vasovagal ; diagnosis