Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Brain ; blood supply ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; genetics ; pathology ; In Situ Hybridization ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 13 ; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo explore the diagnostic methods and reasonable surgical interventions for the chronic obstructive pancreatitis due to the inflammatory lesions at the opening of the pancreatic duct.

METHODSFrom January 2002 to November 2010 the data of 28 patients who were diagnosed as the chronic obstructive pancreatitis (COP) was retrospectively reviewed. Out of the 28 patients, it was analyzed that the clinical manifestations, diagnostic methods, surgical finding and surgical interventions of the 13 patients who were diagnosed as COP due to the inflammatory lesions at the opening of the pancreatic duct in the exploratory operation accompanying recurrent acute abdominal pain with increased serum amylase and lipase, dilation of entire pancreatic duct on imaging before surgery. The conditions included pain recrudescence, quality of life, pancreatic changes on imaging and the serum amylase and lipase after surgery were recorded.

RESULTSAll the 13 patients had clinical manifestations of COP. However, 12 patients had different manifestations on imaging from those chronic pancreatitis imaging due to tumors at the duodenal papilla, ampulla or inner pancreatic duct. Via exploratory operation and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), there were short pancreaticobiliary common channel or pancreas divisum existing in most patients. There was no acute abdominal pain with the increased serum amylase and lipase in the 12 patients who receiving the transduodenal mastoid, ampulla and pancreatic ductal opening incision and plasty, the paramastoideus incision and plasty in the visit.

CONCLUSIONSThe imaging character of COP due to the inflammatory lesions at the opening of the pancreatic duct is the dilation of the pancreatic duct without the chronic obstruction in the bile duct. The patients with short pancreaticobiliary common channel or pancreas divisum easily suffer COP due to the stenosis of the pancreatic ductal opening caused by the duodenal mastoiditis or paramastoiditis. The local plasty surgery to correct the stenosis at the pancreatic ductal opening and improve the drainage of the pancreatic duct is an easy and effective management.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pancreatic Ducts ; pathology ; Pancreatitis, Chronic ; diagnosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo compare the serological characters of an outbreak of hepatitis E and evaluate sensitivity and specificity of anti-HEV E2-IgM.

METHODSThe sera collected from the employees of an outbreak unit were detected for anti-HEV E2-IgM and IgG, and the serum samples from a neighboring department were used as control. The results detected with anti-HEV E2-IgM, IgG and Genelab anti-HEV IgM, IgG in some samples were compared.

RESULTSThe positive rate of anti-HEV E2-IgM in the control group was 0.11%. The results between the positive and the negative samples can be distinguished easily. The specificity of anti-HEV E2-IgM is about 99.89%. The positive rate of anti-HEV E2-IgM in outbreak stricken population was 8.66%, significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.001). The results from HEV patients' serial samples in the outbreak unit showed that the anti-HEV E2-IgM titer was high 30-60 days after the infected and then declined clearly. The positivity seemed unrelated to neither sex nor age. Among the 115 positive to anti-HEV E2-IgM, 27 were negative to Genelab anti-HEV IgG, the fact indicated a rather high risk of misdiagnosis of about 23.48%. In the 179 randomized samples of the control group, the positive rate of Genelabs anti-HEV IgG was about 11.17%. In 110 samples for the positive anti-HEV E2-IgM, the positive ratio of Genelabs anti-HEV IgG was about 76.36%, and that of Genelabs anti-HEV IgM only 69.09%. There were 16 samples negative for both Genelabs anti-HEV IgG and IgM. The ratio of the difference between the Genelabs anti-HEV IgG and IgM was about 25.45%.

CONCLUSIONThe specificity of anti-HEV E2-IgM was about 99%, and false positive rate was low. The sensitivity of anti-HEV E2-IgM in acute hepatitis E infection was 25%-30% higher than that of Genelabs anti-HEV IgM,IgG. The infected persons in the outbreak unit can be preferably distinguished from the non-infected persons by anti-HEV E2-IgM. Anti-HEV E2-IgM can image the characters of the outbreak of HEV and played a great role in the control of outbreak and in the early diagnosis for hepatitis E.

Antibodies, Viral ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hepatitis E ; blood ; epidemiology ; virology ; Hepatitis E virus ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; blood ; Immunoglobulin M ; blood

Interleukin-5 (IL-5) accompanies the development of airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness through the activation of eosinophils. Therefore, interference of IL-5 expression in lung tissue seems to be an accepted approach in asthma therapy. In this study, we designed a small interfering RNA (siRNA) to inhibit the expression of IL-5. The siRNAs against IL-5 were constructed in a lentivirus expressing system, and 1.5x10(6) IFU (inclusion-forming unit) lentiviruses were administered intratracheally to ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized murine asthmatic models. Our results show that lentivirus-delivered siRNA against IL-5 efficiently inhibited the IL-5 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression and significantly attenuated the inflammation in lung tissue. Significant decrease of eosinophils and inflammatory cells were found in peripheral blood, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissue. In addition, significant inhibition of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) was found in the mice treated with siRNA against IL-5. These observations demonstrate that siRNA delivered by means of the lentivirus system is possibly an efficacious therapeutic approach for asthma.
Animals ; Asthma ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Bronchial Hyperreactivity ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Disease Models, Animal ; Genetic Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Interleukin-5 ; genetics ; immunology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Pneumonia ; immunology ; prevention & control ; RNA ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo analyze the spatial distribution of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China by geographic information system, and to draw up a map on HRFS risk areas.

METHODSA set of database was set up using the information collected and linked to electronic maps of China in a software ArcGIS 8.01 from 41 HFRS surveillance sites during 1995 - 1998. A HFRS spatial distribution model was developed using inverse distance weighted interpolation of ArcGIS's spatial analysis method. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) in each HFRS surveillance site was extracted from SPOT4 satellite vegetation imagery. Correlation analysis was performed through SPSS 10.0 to analyze the association between NDVI and HFRS incidence, HFRS risk areas were mapped under different colors.

RESULTSSpatial distribution model from HFRS surveillance sites showed that HFRS foci mainly presented in the Heilongjiang River drainage, the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and the Jinghang grant Canal-Huaihe River drainage. It was consistent with HFRS distribution map derived from national infectious disease reporting system. Correlation analysis indicated that HFRS incidence rates were significantly associated with NDVI (r = 0.417, P < 0.01). The HFRS risk areas was mapped according to NDVI of each surveillance site.

CONCLUSIONIt is promising to apply GIS technology in predication of the distribution of HFRS by establishing this prediction model.

Animals ; China ; epidemiology ; Disease Reservoirs ; Ecology ; Environmental Monitoring ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Forecasting ; Geographic Information Systems ; Hantaan virus ; isolation & purification ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Population Surveillance ; Satellite Communications

Objective: To assess the voice recoverment of pharynplasty given at the same time with the velopharyngeal closure surgery. Methods: 36 cases of cleft palate patients aged 18-32 years were divided into control group (18 cases) and experimental group (18 cases). Only cleft palate surgery was given in the control group, while pharyngoplasty combined with the palate closure surgery were given in the experimental group. Wound healing assessment were performed after 1 week , and voice improvement were compared in the 2 groups after 3 months. Results: Well wound healings without any infections were achieved in all the cases, except for 1 case had a palate dehiscence 1 week after the operation. Dysarthria and nasal leak were improved significantly in the experiment group (P < 0.05), however the nasal resonance improvement between the 2 groups were not significantly different (P > 0.05). Conclusion Adult cleft palate surgery combined with the pharyngeal angioplasty is a recommended method.

OBJECTIVESTo compare the sensitivity of mammogram and breast dedicated MRI in detecting ductal carcinoma in situ with microinvaion (DCIS-MI) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) lesions, and to further investigate the independent predictive factors of mammogram and MRI sensitivity.

METHODSFrom August 2009 to November 2011, 122 consecutive confirmed breast cancer patients who had received operations were recruited for this clinical research. These patients were divided into two groups including DCIS (72 cases) and DCIS-MI (50 cases) based on pathologic reports. All the patients were female, with mean ages of 52.6 years and 54.4 years. Preoperative bilateral breast mammogram, breast dedicated MRI depictions and reports as well as histopathological reports were collected.

RESULTSSensitivity of MRI outstood mammogram in each subgroups: 84.7% vs. 42.4% in DCIS (χ(2) = 27.028, P = 0.000), 94.0% vs. 80.0% in DCIS-MI group (χ(2) = 4.540, P = 0.040). And further analysis showed that MRI was more sensitive to high nuclear grade DCIS and DCIS-MI lesions than low nuclear grade ones (OR = 3.471, P = 0.031).

RESULTSof logistic regression analysis proved microcalcification was an independent predictive factor of mammogram sensitivity (OR = 11.287, P = 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSSensitivity of breast dedicated MRI is superior to mammogram in detecting DCIS and DCIS-MI groups. Lesions with microcalcifiation is an independent predictive marker which meant that mammogram would achieve high detection rate in cancers presented calcification on mammogram image when compared with non-calcification. Diagnostic performance of breast MRI is less affected by clinical and pathological characteristics of the early stage breast cancer patients but further increased detection rate is observed in DCIS and DCIS-MI with high nuclear grade lesions which indicated that MRI could detect more early stage cancers with relative more aggression biological behaviour and provide these patients with early surgical interventions before possible progression to invasive breast cancers.

Breast Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; Calcinosis ; diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; diagnosis ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mammography ; Middle Aged ; Sensitivity and Specificity

OBJECTIVESTo analyze the survival outcomes of the surgery for colorectal cancer with liver metastases (CRCLM), and study the mode of multi-disciplinary team (MDT) for CRCLM.

METHODSThe retrospective analysis was conducted for 38 patients with CRCLM received MDT management and surgical treatment from January 2009 to August 2011. The peri-operative and survival outcomes of MDT and surgery were evaluated.

RESULTSAll the cases met the present criteria of resetability for CRCLM, but only 4 cases (10.5%) met the previous one. Coloproctectomy and hepatectomy were performed in all cases, with 39 colorectal neoplasms and 155 liver lesions removed. One case died of postoperative septic shock. Colorectal and hepatic specific complications were absent in the others patients except one case of biliary leak which was treated with conservative management. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy was arranged in 13 cases. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered for every patient. After a mean follow-up of (22 ± 10) months according to the finding time of liver metastases, recurrence and metastases were observed in 16 cases and 6 cases died of late-stage cachexia. The 1-, 2- and 3-overall survival rate were 94.4%, 85.3% and 75.8% respectively, and the 1-, 2- and 3-disease-free survival rate were 70.1%, 54.2% and 54.2% respectively.

CONCLUSIONSMDT mode for resectable CRCLM is recommendable. Surgical resection of CRCLM is feasible and safe, which seems to achieve favourable short-middle oncologic outcomes. And long-term survival is expected.

Adult ; Aged ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; mortality ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To explore the clinical characteristics and risk factors of systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)complicated with cytomegalovirus infection(CMV). Methods The medical records of patients diagnosed with SLE at discharge in the Department of Immunology at Peking Union Medical College Hospital between July 1,2017 and April 1,2019 were retrospectively reviewed,and the clinical and laboratory data related to CMV infection were analyzed. Results Of the 231 patients with SLE,115(49.8%)had CMV infection.Among them,78(67.8%)were asymptomatic CMV infection and 37(32.2%)were diagnosed with CMV disease.Univariate analysis showed the number of organs involved(
Cyclophosphamide/therapeutic use* ; Cytomegalovirus Infections/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use* ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy* ; Methylprednisolone/therapeutic use* ; Prednisolone/therapeutic use* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Serum Albumin, Human/analysis*

The substitute materials of autologous tissue graft for periodontal soft tissue augmentation surgery develop rapidly. The use of substitute material can avoid the second operation area, shorten the operation time, reduce the postoperative reaction and pain, and is not limited by the quantity, suitable for a wide range of cases. In this paper, the characteristics, histological study, clinical application and therapeutic effect of acellular dermal matrix as a substitute material for autologous tissue transplantation were introduced to provide reference for clinical work.
Acellular Dermis ; Wound Healing