PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine the effect Klorhex and Fittydent, which are used as cleaning agents on the adhesion of Candida on the surfaces of acrylic denture and palatal mucosa. In addition, ability of yeasts to adhere to acrylic strips was evaluated after applying these agents in vitro. MATERIALS and METHODS: Each group of 15 patients cleaned their dentures with either Klorhex or with Fittydent. The control group cleaned their dentures with water. RESULTS: It was found that 62.2% of the patients had colonies of Candida species on their palatal mucosa which was reduced to 51.1% after using these cleaning agents. The colonization rate with Candida spp on their dentures was reduces from 82.2% to 68.8% using these cleaning agents. The mean adhesion value of the Candida strains isolated from the acrylic strips were found to be 75cell/strip prior to applying the Klorhex and Fittydent and 37.5cell/strip and 15cell/strip after applying these agents, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results showed that Klorhex and Fittydent have a certain preventive effect on the colonization rate of Candida spp on the surface of these dentures, the palatal mucosa, as well as on the acrylic strips in vitro.
*Acrylates ; Adhesiveness/drug effects ; Antifungal Agents/*pharmacology ; Candida/*cytology/*drug effects ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Denture Cleansers/*pharmacology ; *Dentures ; Mouth Mucosa/drug effects/microbiology ; Polyvinyls/pharmacology

Bladder cancer is the most prevalent malignancy of the urinary tract. About 90% of bladder cancers are urothelial carcinomas. Seventy percent of cases newly diagnosed are superficial diseases; roughly 30% of newly diagnosed cases are muscle-invasive metastatic diseases. Bladder urothelial carcinoma primarily metastasizes into regional lymph nodes and then into liver, lung, mediastinum, bone, and adrenal gland. In our case, non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer metastasized into the bone, mediastinum, iliac lymph node, and adrenal and thyroid glands. This is the first reported case in the current literature in which urothelial carcinoma metastasized into the thyroid gland.
Adrenal Glands ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Mediastinum ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Thyroid Gland* ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Tract

BACKGROUNDOsteoporosis and vertebral factures are well recognized features in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis and vertebral fractures in patients with AS.

METHODSFifty-nine AS patients and 40 healthy controls were enrolled. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) at posterior-anterior (PA) lumbar, lateral lumbar and hip regions. Thoracic and lumbar X-rays were obtained for morphometric measurements. Clinical, biological and radiological statuses were evaluated with Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index (BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Metrology Index (BASMI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Functional Index (BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index-total (BASRI-t), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and the C-reactive protein levels.

RESULTSOsteoporosis was present in 32% of patients and 5% of controls according to lateral vertebral BMD measurements. Fracture was present in 31% of patients. The effect of some clinical and laboratory parameters on BMD status and vertebral fractures was analyzed in the patient group. Osteoporosis in lateral lumbar DEXA was associated with higher BASMI, BASFI, BASRI-t scores and ESR level. Low hip BMD was associated with low BMI and high BASFI and BASRI-t scores. Vertebral fractures were associated with advanced age, longer disease duration, longer duration since diagnosis, higher BASMI and BASRI-t scores, higher ESR level, reduced femoral and lateral lumbar BMD. Logistic regression analysis revealed that only BASRI-t score was significantly associated with low lateral spinal BMD and BMI and BASFI score were independently associated with low hip BMD. The presence of compression fractures was independently associated with BASRI-t score and low lateral lumbar BMD.

CONCLUSIONSOsteoporosis and vertebral fractures in AS seem to be related to the extent of radiological involvement. A low lateral lumbar BMD is an important risk factor for vertebral fractures.

Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult ; Blood Sedimentation ; Bone Density ; physiology ; C-Reactive Protein ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Osteoporosis ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; Spinal Fractures ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; Spondylitis, Ankylosing ; epidemiology ; metabolism ; physiopathology