Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Hepatitis, Autoimmune ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary ; genetics ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; fas Receptor ; genetics

Adult ; Anastomosis, Surgical ; Constipation/surgery* ; Humans ; Megacolon/surgery* ; Proctocolectomy, Restorative

OBJECTIVETo analyze the distribution of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) of growth hormone receptor (GHR) gene in Chinese Han ethnic population.

METHODSThe sample of 106 unrelated healthy Chinese Hans was studied by sequencing exons of the GHR gene to detect SNP.

RESULTSThere were 6 SNP spots identified in exon 6 and exon 10. Five of them were found in exon 10, and one in exon 6. There were differences between the allele frequencies of the SNP we found and those in the NCBI database. The highest heterozygosity of the SNP was found at 1630 A > C (I526L), which was 47.6%. The SNP 1483 A > C (P477T), 1735 A > C (P561T) and 1319 G > T (C422F) had polarity change. The SNP 536 A > G in exon 6 from the NCBI database was not detected in this population. The allele distribution of SNP was in good unity with the Hardey-Weinberg equilibrium.

CONCLUSIONIt is suggested that the SNP of GHR are unevenly distributed and different in different ethnic populations.

Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; ethnology ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Humans ; Male ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Receptors, Somatotropin ; genetics

The aim of the present study is to observe the receptor kinetics property of long-term potentiation (LTP) of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) in spinal cord motoneurons (MNs) by descending activation. The intracellular recording techniques were conducted in spinal cord MNs of neonatal rats aged 8-14 days. The changes of EPSP induced by ipsilateral ventrolateral funiculus (iVLF) stimulation (iVLF-EPSPs) were observed, and receptor kinetics of iVLF-EPSPs were analyzed. The results showed that, the amplitude, area under curve and maximum left slope of EPSP were positively correlated with stimulus intensity (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01), while the apparent receptor kinetic parameters apparent dissociation rate constant (K(2)), apparent equilibrium dissociation constant (K(T)) of EPSP were negatively correlated with stimulus intensity (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). The iVLF-EPSPs were persistently increased after tetanic stimulation (100 Hz, 50 pulses/train, duration 0.4-1.0 ms, 6 trains, main interval 10 s, 10-100 V) in 5 of 11 tested MNs. The amplitude of iVLF-EPSPs was potentiated to more than 120% of baseline and lasted at least 30 min, which could be referred to as iVLF-LTP. Meanwhile, the area under curve and maximum left slope of EPSPs were also increased to more than 120% of baseline. During iVLF-LTP, apparent receptor kinetics analyses of iVLF-EPSPs indicated that K(2) and KT were decreased significantly to less than 80% of the baseline within 10 min and gradually and partially recovered in 3 MNs. These results of receptor kinetics analyses of iVLF-EPSPs suggest a possible enhancement in affinity of postsynaptic receptors in the early stage of iVLF-LTP in some MNs.
Animals ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; Kinetics ; Long-Term Potentiation ; Motor Neurons ; physiology ; Rats ; Spinal Cord ; cytology ; Synaptic Transmission

Objective To investigate the relationship of-174G ＞ C polymorphism of interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene promoter region upstream-with coronary heart disease (CHD) of Chinese Han population in Nanjing area.Methods The polymorphism of IL-6-174G ＞C gene was confirmed in 235 patients with CHD and 175 healthy individuals by PCR-RFLP,and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was tested.DNA samples were selected for sequencing to verify their genotype.The concentration of blood sugar,lipid,C reaction protein (CRP) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbAlc) in the samples were measured simultaneously.Results The genotype distributions of GG,GC and CC were 98.7％,1.3％ and 0 in CHD group and 97.7％,2.3％ and 0 in control group,respectively.The frequencies of G and C alleles were 99.4％,0.6％ and 98.9％,1.1％ in the two groups.There were no statistical significance for frequencies of genotype and alleles between the two groups (all P ＞ 0.05).Compared with the control group,the differences of smoking,systolic blood pressure (SBP),diastohc blood pressure (DBP),triglyceride (TG),cholesterol (CHOL),low-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoproteins-cholesterol (HDL-C),apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I),ApoB,CRP and HbA1 c were statistically significant (all P ＜ 0.05),while age,sex and blood glucose were not statistically significant (all P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion IL-6-174 G ＞ C gene polymorphism should not remarkably correlated with CHD in Chinese Han population in Nanjing area.

Recent studies have shown that low dose X-irradiation shows specific effect different from high dose exposures. However, the biologic responses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC) to low dose X-irradiation have rarely been described in the literature. This study was purposed to investigate the biologic responses of human bone marrow-derived MSC to low dose X-irradiation. The proliferation of cells was tested with MTT assay, so that the cell growth curve was drawn at 1 to 7 days. The expression of survivin mRNA was detected by RT-PCR assay; the BM-MSC DNA damage induced by X-irradiation were detected with mononuclear cell gel electrophoresis. The results indicated that the proliferative ability of BM-MSC exposed to low doses of X rays was obviously enhanced as compared with control group. The low dose X-irradiation caused the damage of DNA in X-ray dose dependent manner. X-irradiation enhanced expression of survivin in MSC. It is concluded that the low dose below 20 cGy of X-irradiation has a promoting effect on survivin expression in BM-MSC. Whether the high expression of survivin plays an important role to resist ionizing radiation needs to be further studied.
Bone Marrow Cells ; radiation effects ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Proliferation ; Cells, Cultured ; Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; radiation effects ; X-Rays

OBJECTIVETo investigate the autophagy in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSC) exposed to irradiation.

METHODSThe apoptosis and necrosis rate were assessed by Annexin V and propidium (PI) staining in hBMMSC at 4h after irradiated with X-ray at 0, 2, 4, 8 and 10 Gy. The autophagy was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The mRNA expression of Beclin1 and microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3 (MAPLC3 or LC3) was analyzed by RT-PCR in hBMMSC at 4h after X-ray irradiation at 0, 8 and 10 Gy.

RESULTSThe apoptosis rate of hBMMSC was markedly decreased while the necrosis and death rate were slowly increased with the increase of irradiation dose when under 8 Gy. The apoptosis rate was significantly increased and reached a peak while the necrosis and whole death rate were obviously increased when irradiated with 10 Gy X-rays. In addition, the change of apoptosis rate was more significant than that of necrosis rate. By electron microscopy, a mass of autophagic vacuoles (autophagosome and autolysosome) were observed in irradiation and positive control groups, but were only occasionally seen in normal control group. The proportion of hBMMSC with autophagic vacuoles in 8 Gy irradiation group was higher than that in 10 Gy one. The mRNA expression of Beclin1 and LC3 in irradiation groups and positive control group was significantly higher than in normal control group, and so did in 8 Gy irradiation group than that in 10 Gy group.

CONCLUSIONIrradiation may induce the autophagy in hBMMSC, and autophagy could protect hBMMSC from irradiation injury in a certain dose range.

Apoptosis ; radiation effects ; Autophagy ; radiation effects ; Bone Marrow Cells ; radiation effects ; Cell Line ; Humans ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; radiation effects ; X-Rays

AIMTo explore the adapting metabolic mechanisms of the plateau zokors to the hypoxic-hypercapnic environment.

METHODSThe activities of lactate dehydrogenase in serum and tissues, and the content of lactate in serum of plateau zokors in spring, summer and autumn were determined by using method of enzyme analysis. The spectrums of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in serum and tissues of plateau zokors in spring, summer and autumn were analyzed by using method of the discontinuous systemic poly-acrylamide perpendicular plank gel electrophoresis.

RESULTSThe activities of lactate dehydrogenase in serum had obvious seasonally difference that were higher in spring and lower in autumn, and the content of lactate in serum showed same changing pattern. The spectrums of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in serum showed five bands that were LDH1, LDH2, LDH3, LDH4 and LDH5 from positive pole to negative pole respectively, it showed clearly two bands in serum of summer that were LDH4 and LDH5 and one band in serum of autumn that was LDH5. The activities of LDH in tissues of skeleton muscle, cardiac muscle and brain were higher compared with the other tissues, it decreased markedly from spring to summer to autumn. In tissues of liver, kidney and lungs, activities of LDH were lower. Activities of LDH in livers, were significantly higher in spring compared that in summer and autumn, which had no obvious difference between summer and autumn. Activities of LDH in kidneys and lungs, showed no obviously difference between spring and summer, which decreased markedly in autumn. The spectrums of lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in tissues of cardiac muscle, liver, lungs, kidney, brain and skeleton muscle showed five bands, the spectrums were obvious different in different tissues, and the content of LDH isoenzymes showed seasonal changes in different tissues.

CONCLUSIONGlycolysis levels in plateau zokors had obvious seasonally change which increased in spring and decreased in autumn significantly. It related to the activity of plateau zokors in different seasons and seasonal fluctuation of oxygen and carbon dioxide in burrows of plateau zokors.

Animals ; Carbon Dioxide ; metabolism ; Isoenzymes ; analysis ; metabolism ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; analysis ; metabolism ; Rodentia ; metabolism ; Seasons

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical features and epidemiological data of 72 cases of male perianal warts.

METHODSSeventy-two cases of perianal warts in our clinic dated from June, 2004 to April, 2006 were enrolled in the study, whose clinical information and epidemiological data were collected and analyzed.

RESULTSPerianal warts were most commonly seen in young and middle-aged men aged from 18 to 45, only 12.5% of whom had homosexual behaviors. Sauna was another predisposing factor of perianal warts in males in China (chi2 = 5.03, P < 0.05). Primary eruptions of the anus and rectum, like perianal pruritus, eczema, anus fissure, and haemorrhoids, often impaired the local integrity of skin/mucosa. Classical condyloma acuminate was found in 61 (84.72%) of patients, who were susceptive to the infections of HPV 6/11, and were flat condylomas related to HPV16/18. Cryotherapy was believed to be one of the most efficient therapeutic choices for flat perianal warts. Suppression of cellular immune response was identified in the patients by comparison between the subgroups of peripheral T cells and the normal control.

CONCLUSIONSauna is an essential predisposing factor of perianal warts in males, while anus sexual intercourse is not the main route of HPV infection. Classical condylomata acuminate constitute the majority of the eruptions, and flat condylomata come next. The study also provides some useful data for understanding the clinical and epidemiological features of perianal warts in Chinese males for the sake of prevention and treatment of the disease.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Anus Diseases ; classification ; epidemiology ; Condylomata Acuminata ; classification ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo explore the relationship of the endometriosis susceptibility and polymorphism of up stream of IL-10 promoter at the site of 1082(G→A), 819(C→T) and 592(C→A).

METHODSA total of 214 patients with endometriosis and 160 healthy individuals were enrolled and divided into patient group and control group in this study. The polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was applied to detect the base transition in the up stream of IL-10 promoter at the site of 1082(G→A), 819(C→T) and 592(C→A). SPSS11.0 software was applied to analysis frequencies of all genotypes.

RESULTSThere was no difference in polymorphism of IL-10-1082 between the endometriosis (AA: 87.90%, GA: 12.10%) and control group (AA: 87.50%, GA: 12.50%). The rate of TT, CT and CC genotype IL-10-819 was the same as the AA, CA and CC individually. There was no difference in the polymorphism of IL-10-819 or IL-10-592 between the endometriosis group (TT or AA: 41.12%, CT or CA: 47.66%, CC: 11.21%) and control group (χ(2) = 5.87, P = 0.053). However, there were significant difference in the genotype of CT of IL-10-819 or CA of IL-10-592 between the endometriosis group and control group (after adjust OR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.10 - 3.21, χ(2) = 5.24, P = 0.021), and the allele C of IL-10-819 or IL-10-592 were close related with occurrence of endometriosis (OR = 1.42, 95%CI = 1.04 - 1.95, χ(2) = 4.81, P = 0.028). The IL-10 level in the plasma of endometriosis group with genotype of CC (CC), CT (CA) of IL-10-819(-592) were significant higher than those with TT (AA) (CA/CT: (50.12 ± 82.40) pg/ml, CC: (91.00 ± 118.23) pg/ml, TT/AA: (21.45 ± 22.10) pg/ml) (F = 2.492, P = 0.048; F = 1.852, P = 0.008).

CONCLUSIONThe allele C of IL-10-819 or IL-10-592 was close related to the high level expression of IL-10, and it is the risk of the occurrence of endometriosis.

Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Endometriosis ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; genetics ; Middle Aged ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Young Adult