Background: The role of Helicobacter pylori live in digestive tract cause digestive disorder are confirmed. Objectives: To assess the relationship between seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori (HP) in children and history of digestive disorders in children and their parents. Subjects and method: In this cross-sectional study, history of digestive disorders (recurrent epigastralgy at least 3 episodes in a duration at least 3 months, confirmed either by upper endoscopy or by gastric radiography with contrast or ameloration by treatment with anti - acid) was gathered using questionnaire with additional examination of individual health book, prescription or discharge certificate of a population of 818 children <15 years old in pediatric department, Bach Mai hospital and 369 children <18 in a rural commune. Seroprevalence was determined by ELISA with cut - off at 0.18 optic density. Results:Among in - patients, seroprevalence was 52.6% (20/38) in children with digestive history, significantly higher than 32.6% (254/780) in those who were without this history (p=0.013); risk for HP infection in children with the history was 4.8 higher than that in those who were without the history [OR (95% CI): 4.79 (1.62-9.16)), while the difference in HP seroprevalence was insignificant in children whose mother or father was with or without the history (p > 0.05). Among children in the community, the difference in HP seroprevalence of 72.7% (8/11) in children with and 55.0% (250/373) in those without the history was statistically insignificant (p>0.05). However, HP seroprevalence in children whose father or mother was with the history was of 71.8% (28/39) and 70.5% (31/44), respectivly, significantly higher than 43.1 % (94/318) and 45.6% (125/274) in those whose father or mother was without the history, respectively (p < 0.05). Risk for being HP seropositive in children whose father was with the history was 3.4 folds higher than those whose father was without the history [OR (95% CI): 3.36 (1.38-7.54)] and that in children whose mother was with the history was 2.9 folds higher than in those whose mother was without the history [OR (95% CI): 2.91 (1.41-5.26)]. Conclusion: It exsisted a discrepancy in relationship between HP seroprevalence in children and history of digestive disorders in 2 groups of population in the hospital and in the community, and further studies with larger size were warranted to better clarify this relationship.
Helicobacter pylori/ pathogenicity ; Stomach/ pathology ; Duodenal Diseases/ diagnosis ; pathology ; Child

Background: the selection of appropriate antibiotics decided success in healing stomach-duodenum lesions. Regimens were recommended over the world today in treatment of stomach-duodenal ulcers were combination ofthree drugs, including an anti-gastric acid secretion agent and two of three antibiotics were amoxicillin (Amox), clarithromycin (Clar) and metronidazole (Metro). In Vietnam, a recent study showed that 76% of HP strains resistant to Metro and 1% resistant to Clar. Objectives: to describe prevalence and trend of primary antibiotics resistance of H.pylori to metronidazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin over 10 years (1993-2002). Subjectives and Method: A retrospective study was about the susceptibility of 434 HP isolates derived from 281 children and 153 adults to Metro, Clar and Amox for 10 years (1993-2002) by using E-test. Results: no isolates resistant to Amox had been identified. Overall resistance rates of HP isolates to Metro, Clar and to both of them were 48.9%, 31.5% and 17.1% (51.7%, 28.4% and 17.6% in children and 43.7%, 36.6% and 16.3% in adults). Metro resistance rate in children aged from 10 to 18 was higher than that in adults and younger children (p<0.04). Clar resistance rate of children under 10 was lower than that of older children and adults (p<0.02). Both MICs of dual resistant isolates to Metro and Clar were higher than that of single resistant isolates (p<0.02 with Metro and p<0.01 with Clar). Conclusions: resistance rates of HP isolates to Metro, Clar and to both of them were relatively high. No isolates resistant to Amox had been identified. Antibiotics resistance rates in children were difference between the ages.
Helicobacter pylori ; Drug Resistance ; Microbial ;

Background: Helicobacter pylori (HP), the main reason caused digestive disease in many people. Objectives: To explore the relationship between seroprevalence of HP in children and the duration of breastfeeding (BF) in childhood. Subjects and method:Data on BF duration were collected, using a structured questionnaires, then analyzed by logistic regression, in three different groups: (1) 764 children aged from 6 months to 15 years admitted to or visiting a tertiary teaching hospital, (2) 369 children under 18 from a rural village in the centre and (3) 408 children under 18 from a multi - ethnic village in the mountainous area of the northern part of Vietnam. HP infection was determined by ELISA technique. Results: HP seroprevalence was of 26.0% (69/265) in children breastfed longer than 6 months, significant lower than 37.4% (308/556) in children breastfed shorter than 6 months in the first group [p<0.02, OR (95% CI): 0.63 (0.41 - 0.84)]. This rate was of 39.7% (27/68) in children breastfed longer than 24 months, significant lower than 59.1 % (178/301) in children breastfed shorter than 24 months in the second group [p=0.01, OR (95% CI): 0.46 (0.27 - 0.78)]. However, in the 3rd group of different minority ethnics from mountainous area, where living and hygiene levels were low, HP seroprevalence was of 29.7% (82/276), significant higher than 20.5% (27/132) in children breastfed shorter than 12 months [p = 0.03, OR (95% CI): 1.64 (1.00 - 2.70)]. Conclusion: Long duration of breastfeeding seemed protective against HP acquisition in Kinh children but might become a risk factor for HP infection in mountainous children.
Helicobacter pylori/ pathogenicity ; Child

This study aims to present the morbidity structure that classified according to the 17 disease classes of World Health Organization and determine the age, gender and anatomical lesion of two major disease classes: cancer (class II) and cardiovascular diseases (class VII). Subject: the medical records and anatomical results of 943 cadavers received operations in the department of pathological anatomy of Huu Nghi Hospital. The results: 649 patients (68.82%) were at ages of 51-70, rate of male patients was 96.2%. The deaths due to cardiovascular diseases accounted for the highest rate (46.13%), followed by cancer (30.4%); the mortality rate due to infection was at low (2,01%). The highest mortality rate occurred in patients with cerberovascular accident, followed by the myocardial infarction among patients with the disease class VII (cardiovascular disease). The liver cancer was a leading cause of deaths, followed by lung cancer patients with the disease class II (cancer).
epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Morbidity ; aged

Growing increase in resistance of H. pylori strains to antibiotics of choice is identified worldwide, requiring further investigating susceptible characteristics of the germ to these agents. Objectives: To assess the resistance of H. pylori individual colonies from a single biopsy to metronidazole and clarithromycin. Methods: The E - test was used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MICs) of these two antimicrobial drugs for ten H. pylori colonies isolated from an initial gastric biopsy culture from each of 14 adults and 14 children. Results: Among patients haboring HP strains resistant to these 2 antimicrobials, we observed heterogeneity in metronidazole resistance in 14/22 cases and in clarithromycin resistance in 3/13 cases. The number of resistant individual colonies ranged from 2/10 to 9/10 depending on subjects. Conclusions: In the same biopsy from both adults and children different colonies of H. pylori displayed different antimicrobial susceptibility patterns prior to anti - H. pylori treatment, rendering antibiogram interpretation difficult.
Helicobacter pylori, Adult, Child, Metronidazole

At Bach Mai hospital,on 824 pediatric sutbjects aged 6 months – 15 years, the infuence of previously used antibiotics on serological results of the epidemiological diagnosis of Helicobacter pylory infection was evaluated. Among 731 studied children using antibiotics, there was HP (+) in 34,6%. There was no significant relation between the use/no use of antibiotics and HP infected. serological results.There was no same relation between the moment, the frequency,the duration and the antibiotherapy use with the results of serological diagnosis of HP infection
Helicobacter pylori ; child ; Anti-Bacterial Agents

Study on prevalence of HP(+) infection and the relationship between HP(+) among children and members in a multi-generation family through 189 children and 344 adults of 99 households. The results showed that, HP seropositivity was 67.4% in adults and 41.3% in children. Some risk factors were identified such as: The seropositive mother was the highest risk factor for HP seropositivity in children and the relationship between HP(+) among children and their mother was independent with other factors. The seropositive father increased HP infective risk in children, but seropostivity in mother was more important. Children's seropositivity was significantly increased in households with  3 children, in those with > 4 persons. No association was found between HP seropositivity in children and that in their grandparents and relatives
Helicobacter pylori ; Cross Infection ; Family Characteristics ; epidemiology

The study was aimed to assess the H. pylori infection rate and to investigate contributing factors among 105 orphans and 85 handicapped institutionalized children. H. pylori seropositivity was 71.4% (75/105) in the handicapped as compared to 41.3% (77/186) in the control. Orphan children were at the highest risk factor of affecting H. pylori in the first three years, but healthy orphan children were more likely to be infected in the first year of residence while handicapped children were more likely to be infected in the second and the third year of their residence. There was no link between lifestyle, health status and HP infection in both two groups of children
Helicobacter pylori ; child ; epidemiology

Background: There is nearly 3,5 billion people infected Helicobacter pylori in over the world. Objectives: To investigate Helicobacter pylori (HP) seroprevalence (by ELISA technique) and related risk factors (by questionnaire set) in children of different ethnics. Subjects and method: This cross - sectional study was carried out in Ban Qua, a mountainous village of a northern border province with a population of 408 children under 18 from 245 households (consisting of 781 members) with 5 ethnics. HP seroprevalence was determined by ELISA technique and risk factors by structure questionnaire. Results: HP seroprevalence in children under 18 was 26.7% without sex predominance but with significant ethnical difference: 16.1 % in H\u2019mong, 16.7% in Tay, 20.3% in Dao, 38.5% in Giay and 41.0% in Kinh (p < 0.001); and increased with age, particularly in 3 - 6 aged group, by the rate of 1-1.5%/year. The study results showed that age, HP infection in sibling, breastfeeding beyond 12 months and family history of gastro duodenal disorders were independently associated to HP infection in children. In addition, HP infection in parents and illiteracy in mothers were also significantly related to higher seropositivity in children (p<0.03 and <0.045, respectively). Conclusion: This study showed that although the rate of HP infection in minority ethnics was lower than in the majority (Kinh), but risk factors for the infection were somewhat similar to those identified in other studies in Kinh people.
Helicobacter pylori/ pathogenicity ; Child

Background: Deletion and duplication mutations of dystrophin gene make up from 70 to 75% of patients with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Two thirds of children with DMD inherited from the heterozygous mothers the mutated gene which is located on one of the sex chromosomes. Objective: To detect the asymptomatic carriers of dystrophin gene mutation using molecular techniques. Subject and methods: 3 DMD patients and their 9 relatives. Using techniques: DNA extraction and quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Results: Successfully detected 4 heterozygous individuals from 9 female members of three different families that have already confirmed DMD patients. Conclusion: This method could lead to a new way of prenatal diagnosis of DMD as well as other genetic disorders that are caused by deletion or duplication mutation.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy ; carrier ; quantitative PCR