OBJECTIVETo analyze the molecular characteristics of the newly isolated two Japanese encephalitis virus strains (JEV) in Wuhan.

METHODSThe mosquitoes were collected in Wuhan from April to October in 2009. The envelope (E) protein gene of JEV was detected using RT-PCR and sequenced. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis were conducted using DNAstar and MegAlign.

RESULTSTwo Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) strains (WHJX09-9, WHJX09-10) were isolated from Culex tritaeniorhynchus among 16 mosquito pools and identified as genotype I. The result showed that the homology of the two strains was 98. 9% in nucleotides and 100% in deduced amines. The comparison between the new genotype 1 JEV strains and live attenuated vaccine strain SA14-14-2 in E gene showed that the homology of nucleotide sequence was 87.4% and 87.9%, the homology of amino acid was 96.9% (total 15 amino acid were different) in E gene. The mutation sites of amino acid distributed among three different coding domain, but no antigen binding site and neurotoxin-involved site of amino acid were changed.

CONCLUSIONWuhan had appeared a new genotype of JEV which was different from the former strain isolated in Wuhan, the new JEV strains still had neurotoxicity but had high homology with the vaccine strains adopted in Wuhan. The vaccine could still be adopted to prevent Japanese encephalitis if steps were take to eradicate mosquitos at the same time. laboratory surveillance were also an important task to build an early-warning mechanism against JEV.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Cell Line ; China ; Culicidae ; virology ; Encephalitis Virus, Japanese ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Genotype ; Insect Vectors ; virology ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Sequence Alignment ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; chemistry ; genetics

OBJECTIVEIn order to explore the existence of SARS coronavirus (Co-V) and/or its RNA in sewage of hospitals administered SARS patients.

METHODSA novel electropositive filter was used to concentrate the SARS-CoV from the sewage of two hospitals administered SARS patients in Beijing, including twelve 2,500 ml sewage samples from the hospitals before disinfection, and ten 25,000 ml samples after disinfection; as well as cell culture, RT-PCR and sequencing of gene to detect and identify the viruses from sewage.

RESULTSThere was no live SARS-CoV detected in the sewage in this study. The nucleic acid of SARS-CoV had been found in the 12 sewage samples before disinfection from both hospitals by semi-nested PCR. After disinfection, SARS-CoV RNA could only be detected from the samples from the 309th Hospital, and the others were negative.

CONCLUSIONIt provides evidence that there is no live SARS-Cov in the sewage from hospitals with SARS patients though SARS-CoV RNA can be detected.

Hospitals ; Humans ; Nucleocapsid ; analysis ; RNA, Viral ; analysis ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; isolation & purification ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; virology ; Sewage ; virology

Objective: To explore the relationship between pathogenic gene, mutation and phenotype of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) patients and their family members. Methods: The subjects were the proband with LVNC and her family members. The medical history including electrocardiogram, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance examination of the proband and family members were collected. Whole exome sequencing of the proband was performed, bioinformatics analysis focused on the genes related to hereditary cardiomyopathy. Candidate pathogenic sites were validated by Sanger sequencing. The clinical interpretation of sequence variants were classified according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Results: The proband carried a heterozygous variation of the MYBPC3 gene c.C2827T and the MYH7 gene c.G2221C. The proband's sister carried heterozygous variation of MYBPC3 gene c.C2827T. According to the ACMG guidelines, the variant was determined to be pathogenic. Conclusion: The missense variant of MYBPC3 gene c.C2827T and MYH7 gene c.G2221C are identified from the proband with LVNC and her family member, which provides a genetic basis for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling of the patients and the family members with LVNC.
Female ; Humans ; Cardiac Myosins/genetics* ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Phenotype

Objective: To explore the relationship between pathogenic gene, mutation and phenotype of left ventricular noncompaction (LVNC) patients and their family members. Methods: The subjects were the proband with LVNC and her family members. The medical history including electrocardiogram, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance examination of the proband and family members were collected. Whole exome sequencing of the proband was performed, bioinformatics analysis focused on the genes related to hereditary cardiomyopathy. Candidate pathogenic sites were validated by Sanger sequencing. The clinical interpretation of sequence variants were classified according to American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) guidelines. Results: The proband carried a heterozygous variation of the MYBPC3 gene c.C2827T and the MYH7 gene c.G2221C. The proband's sister carried heterozygous variation of MYBPC3 gene c.C2827T. According to the ACMG guidelines, the variant was determined to be pathogenic. Conclusion: The missense variant of MYBPC3 gene c.C2827T and MYH7 gene c.G2221C are identified from the proband with LVNC and her family member, which provides a genetic basis for clinical diagnosis and genetic counseling of the patients and the family members with LVNC.
Female ; Humans ; Cardiac Myosins/genetics* ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Mutation ; Mutation, Missense ; Myosin Heavy Chains/genetics* ; Pedigree ; Phenotype