Objective To study the dose distribution in tumor target of radioactive esophageal stent covered with 125I seeds which are arranged at different distance. Methods According to the longitudinal and horizontal distance between the 125I seeds, the experiment was divided into group A (0.5 cm), group B (1.0 cm) and group C (1.5 cm). A sheet of white paper, on which a 2cm diameter circle was drawn and was marked with a 5 cm scale, was scanned with a laser scanner, and the scanning data were saved in JPEG format on the computer desktop. By using image conversion program, pictures of 17 layers with the layer space of 5 mm were created. The picture was transmitted to the computer treatment planning system (TPS) to simulate a 2 cm diameter and 8 cm length esophageal stent. Using TPS to delineate the tumor target area (gross tumor volume, GTV), which was used as the simulation of the inner boundary of the tumor target area, outward expansion of 0.5 cm being regarded as the outside border. An annular and 6cm length tube was delineated and it was used as the target area, and the same prescription dose was set, and in each group 125I seeds of 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9 mCi were successively loaded on the simulation of esophageal stent. With the help of TPS the DVH graph was obtained, and the D90 (the dose received by 90% of the target) and V90 (the percentage of the GTV receiving 90% the prescription dose) of the three groups were determined. The results were statistically analyzed. Results The arithmetic mean values of D90 of group A, B and C were (217.15± 19.92), (89.16±32.44) and (31.68±11.52) Gy respectively (F=159.18, P<0.05); and the arithmetic mean values of V90 of group A, B and C were (100.00±0.00)%, (86.47±21.36)%and (29.33±21.54)%respectively (F=32.11, P<0.05). Conclusion The 2 cm-diameter radioactive esophageal stent covered with 125I seeds, which have o.6mci activity and are arranged at 1.0cm distance in both longitudinal and horizontal directions, should be recommended in clinical practice.

Objective To study the characteristics of neutralization antibody in mice induced by DNA vaccines of hemagglutinin(HA) of novel H1N1 influenza A virus(2009H1N1).Methods HA encoding plasmids of 2009H1N1 or 1918H1N1(2009HA or 1918HA)were constructed.25 μg or 200 μg dosage of 2009HA plasmids were used to immunize the mice,the total antibody of anti-20O9HA or cross-reactive antibody were assayed by ELISA using 2009HA or 1918HA protein as capture antigen,and the neutralizing antibody were assayed by two kinds of virus pseudo - particles(pp) of 2009H1N1 and 1918H1N1 .Results During of 4 to 16 weeks after boost immunization,in two groups of mice immunized with 25 μg or 200 μg dosage 2009HA plasmids,both total antibody of anti-2009HA and neutralizing antibody to 2009H1Nlpp reached the similar level(P ＞0.05),and there were cross-reactive antibody to 1918HA protein in two groups of mice serum,with similar titers of cross-neutralizing activity to 1918H1N1 pp(P ＞0.05),Conclusion A low dosage DNA vaccine encoding HA of 2009 H1 N1 virus is able to induce persistent and high level of neutralizing antibody,and may be potential valuable vaccine against the new emerging influenza virus.

Objective To investigate the distribution of islet autoantibodies (GAD-Ab, IA2-Ab, IAA) in new-onset diabetic patients with unprovoked ketosis and their association with clinical characteristics and pancreatic ? cell function.Methods Islet autoantibodies, including GAD-Ab、IA2-Ab and IAA were detected in 161 new-onset diabetic patients with unprovoked ketosis by radioligand assay. Prevalence of positive islet autoantibodies was compared among groups with different ages, body mass indexes (BMI), severity of ketosis and fasting C peptide (FCP) levels. Clinical characteristics and pancreatic ? cell function were compared between groups with positive and negative islet autoantibodies.Results One or more kinds of islet autoantibodies were detected in 68 from the 161 subjects (42.2%), with higher prevalence of positive islet autoantibodies in the patients aged equal to or less than 20 years, of BMI equal to or less than 18.5 and with FCP equal to or less than 300 pmol/L. Younger age of onset, lower BMI, more severe ketosis and poorer islet endocrine function were found in patients with positive islet autoantibodies, as compared with those with negative ones.Conclusions In diabetic patients with unprovoked ketosis, the younger, the lower C peptide and the lower BMI they are, the higher prevalence of positive islet autoantibodies, the more possibility that they are classified as type 1A diabetes and the less possibility as type 1B diabetes or type 2 diabetes.Pancreatic ? cell function was poorer in patients with positive islet autoantibodies,which should be treated with insulin as earlier as possible.

Objective: To explore the clinical and cytogenetic characteristics and risk factors of multiple myeloma (MM) patients with renal impairment (RI). Methods: A total of 113 newly diagnosed patients with MM in the department of nephrology and hematology in Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University from January 2013 to December 2017 were enrolled. The patients were divided into RI group and non-renal impairment (NRI) group according to whether serum creatinine (Scr) at the time of diagnosis was higher than 177 μmol/L. The clinical and laboratory data of two groups were compared. The risk factors of RI in MM patients were analyzed by binary logistic regression, and then the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to evaluate the predictive value of these risk factors. Results: The incidence of RI in 113 MM patients was 34.5%. Compared with NRI group, levels of white blood cells, serum uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), cystatin C, β₂-microglobulin (β₂-MG), blood phosphorus, urine light chain, bone-marrow plasma cell percentage, International Staging System (ISS) stage III percentage, light chain type percentage, positive urinary Bence-Jones protein percentage and positive urinary protein percentage were higher in RI group, while levels of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), serum bicarbonate concentration and globulin were lower in RI group (all P<0.05). There were no significant differences in other clinical variables between the two groups (all P>0.05). Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was applied to 42 MM patients to detect the following five genetic abnormalities: IgH rearrangement, 1q21 amplification, RB1 deletion, D13S319 deletion and P53 deletion. Among them, 29 (69.0%) patients were abnormal. The incidence of RB1 deletion in RI group was higher than NRI group (P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in the incidences of other genetic abnormalities (all P>0.05). Further logistic regression analysis showed that increase of NLR (OR=1.589, 95%CI 1.115-2.266, P=0.010), bone-marrow plasma cell percentage (OR=1.053, 95%CI 1.008-1.101, P=0.021) and β₂-MG (OR=22.166, 95%CI 2.146-228.927, P=0.009), light chain type (OR=15.399, 95%CI 1.002-236.880, P=0.049), and hyperuricemia (OR=11.707, 95%CI 1.580-86.717, P=0.016) were the independent risk factors for RI in MM patients. The comparison of area under the ROC (AUC) among these risk factors showed the AUC of β₂-MG was larger than that of NLR or uric acid (both P<0.05), while there were no significant differences in the rest of pairwise comparison (all P>0.05). The AUC of β₂-MG predicting RI was the largest (AUC=0.907, 95%CI 0.853-0.962, P<0.001). Conclusions MM patients have high morbidity of RI, and there are more RI patients with RB1 deletion in RI patients. Light chain type, hyperuricemia, high level of NLR, high bone-marrow plasma cell percentage and increased β₂-MG are the independent risk factors for RI in MM patients. Among them, β₂-MG is the best predictor for RI, and NLR plays an important role in predicting RI as a convenient and effective inflammatory marker.

The aim of this study was to explore the impact of lead poisoning on immunological function of T cell subsets in lead-exposed workers through analysis of clinical cases so as to provide the basis for prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. 70 cases who had excessive level of lead in blood and urine and need treatment by driving out lead were collected as observation group through detection of a large blood and urine samples from 2007 to 2010, meanwhile 60 normal healthy people without lead exposure were enrolled in control group. The blood and urine-lead level and T cell subsets in these two groups were detected and analyzed by JP-1A polarograph and flow cytometry respectively. The results showed that among 70 workers in observation group 47.14% had lower CD3(+)CD4(+) level, 71.43% had lower CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio, the ratio-inversed cases reached to 41.42%, while 13.33% people had lower CD3(+)CD4(+) level, 25% had CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio below normal level in control group. The blood-lead concentration and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio in observation group were (4.63 ± 1.27) µmol/L and 1.20 ± 0.50 respectively; the blood-lead concentration and CD4(+)/CD8(+) ratio in control group were (0.72 ± 0.35) µmol/L and 1.75 ± 0.62, respectively. It is concluded that the obvious increase of cases with cellular immune dysfunction are observed in occupational workers with excessive blood lead, indicating that the lead can suppress human cellular immune function. Moreover along with increase of blood lead concentration of these workers, more people has abnormal T cell subsets, which shows that the blood lead concentration is associated with immune function of T-cells.
Adult ; CD4-CD8 Ratio ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Lead ; adverse effects ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets