Objective To study the protective effect and mechanism of Lycopus lucidus Turcz ethanol extract on STZ induced diabetic mice kidney.Methods The diabetic mice model were induced by single intraperitoneal injection of 0.12 mg/g STZ.After 60h, the mice successful modeling were divided into model control group,Lycopus lucidus Turcz ethanol extract high-dose group [5.0g/(kg? d)]and low-dose group [1.25/(kg? d)], 10 mice in each group.Another 10 normal mice were used as normal control group.The high-and low-dose group were intragastric administrated corresponding dose Lycopus lucidus Turcz ethanol extract, normal control group and model control group were given the same volume of sterile distilled water.After 5 weeks, the mice kidney structure was observed by periodic acid-Schiff ( PAS ) , advanced glycosylation end products ( AGEs ) and transforming growth factorβ1 (TGF-β1) in kidney tissue were detected by ELISA.The monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA expression were detected by RT-PCR and MCP-1 protein expression by Western blot in mice kidney.Results PAS staining results showed, compared with model control group,renal structural changes in high-dose group was significantly increased.ELISA results showed AGEs and TGF-β1 content in kidney tissue of model control group were higher than normal control group (P<0.01), the above indexes of high-dose group were lower than model control group (P<0.05) .RT-PCR results showed MCP-1 mRNA expression of model control group was higher than normal control group (P<0.01), MCP-1 mRNA expression of low-and high-dose group model group were lower than model control group (P<0.01), and MCP-1 mRNA expression of high-dose group was lower than low-dose group (P<0.05).Western blot results showed MCP-1 protein expression of model group was higher than normal control group (P<0.01), but there were no significant differences of MCP-1 protein expression between low-or high-dose group model group and model control group. Conclusion Lycopus lucidus Turcz ethanol extract can protect the STZ-induced diabetic mice kidney, and it might be the reason of inhibiting the expression of AGEs-MCP-1-TGF-β1.

Objective To investigate the gamma glutamine carboxylase (GGCX ,rs6738645) genotype distribution in Chinese Han population and the correlation between GGCX (rs6738645) polymorphism and the warfarin stable dose in the patient after valve replacement .Methods The genotypes of 228 cases were detected by the Snapshot technology in order to explore the genotype and allele frequencies .The correlation between the gene polymorphism in 176 cases after valve replacement and the stable dose of warfa-rin was compared .Results In total of 228 research subjects ,the number of TT ,GT and GG genotype were 84(36 .84% ) ,122 (53 .51% ) and 22(9 .65% ) .The frequencies of T and G allele were 63 .60% and 36 .40% respectively ;in 176 patients after the valve replacement ,the maintenance stable dose of warfarin was lower in GG group than in the TT and GT groups ,the differences between the groups showed statistical significance (P<0 .01) .The PT value and INR value had no statistical difference among 3 genotype groups(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The GGCX(rs6738645) polymorphism in Chinese Han population may be the influencing factor of warfarin individual dose difference in the patients after valve replacement .

Objective To investigate the distribution and changes of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and fibroblast growth factor receptor-1 (FGFR-1) in normal heart or heart after myocardial infarction (MI),and to explore beneficial effects of bFGF on heart after MI. Methods Eleven adult minipigs were randomly divided into 2 groups,control (n=5) and MI group (n=6). MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Sham-operation was carried out on the animals of control. bFGF-like-immunoreactivity (bFGF-ir) and FGFR-1-like-immunoreactivity (FGFR-1-ir) in heart tissues were detected by immuno-histochemistry and image analysts in 4 weeks after surgery. Results In controls,bFGF-ir and FGFR-1-ir in the atrium showed a considerable high level compared with 2 ventricles (P

Objective To study the effects of ethanol extract of rhizoma phragmitis on liver glycogen content and glycogen synthetase (GS) in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic mice. Methods The diabetic model mice were divided in-to model control group, high-dose group and low-dose group, 10 mice for each group. Another 10 normal mice were used as control group. The liver glycogen content was detected by histochemical staining of glycogen (PAS) method. The expression of GS mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot assays. Results After PAS staining the hepatic glycogen content decreased significantly in model control group, and which was significantly increased in low-dose group and high-dose group compared with that of model control group (P＜0.01). The hepatic glyco-gen content was the highest in high-dose group compared with that of other three groups. The levels of GS mRNA and GS protein were significantly lower in model control group than those of other three groups, which were significantly lower in low-dose group than those of high-dose group (P＜0.05). Conclusion There is a dose-dependent effect of ethanol extract of rhizoma phragmitis on liver glycogen in STZ induced diabetic mice, which may be related with the increased expression of liver glycogen synthetase.

AIM:To investigate the relationship among lens parameters and their correlation with ocular anatomic characteristics in myopia patients implanted with posterior-chamber phakic implantable collamer lens(Phakic-ICL).METHODS:Retrospective study. A total of 46 myopia patients(46 eyes)who underwent Phakic-ICL implantation were collected in the Wuxi Huaxia Eye Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023. Preoperative evaluation of ocular anatomical characteristics included corneal central thickness(CCT), anterior chamber depth(ACD), axial length(AL), white-to-white(WTW), horizontal sulcus to sulcus(STSH), horizontal angle to angle(ATAH), and vertical sulcus to sulcus(STSV), vertical angle to angle(ATAV). Furthermore, lens parameters included horizontal crystalline lens rise(CLRH), vertical CLR(CLRV)and vertical lens thickness(LTV). The difference, consistency and correlation of the above parameters were analyzed.RESULTS:Except for differences between WTW and STSV, STSH and ATAV, which were not statistically significant(all P>0.05), the other horizontal and vertical ocular anatomical characteristics were statistically significant(P<0.05). CLRH and CLRV had statistically significant difference(P<0.01), while LTH and LTV were not statistically significant difference(P>0.05). Bland-Altman results revealed that the anatomical characteristics in the horizontal or vertical diameters showed poor consistency. The consistency between CLRH and CLRV was poor. There was consistency between LTH and LTV, with the 95% limits of agreement(LoA)between the differences ranging from -0.21 to 0.28 mm, and the proportion of out-of-line points off the 95% LoA was 4.35%. Pearson correlation analysis revealed that there were correlations between the anatomical characteristics of the horizontal and vertical diameters(P<0.01). Meanwhile, there was no correlation between the anteroposterior diameters(P>0.05). There were correlations between the lens parameters(P<0.05), excepted for the CLRH, LTH and LTV, which had no correlation. AL correlated with the anatomical characteristics of the horizontal and vertical diameters(P<0.05), but it had no correlation with lens parameters(P>0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that LT=0.419+0.017×age-0.548×ACD+0.371×ATAH+0.884×CLRV, CLRH=-0.443+0.809×CLRV, CLRV=-0.092-0.200×ATAH+0.560×CLRH(corrected R2=0.458, 0.482, 0.589, respectively).CONCLUSION:Horizontal and vertical diameters were not interchangeable. CLRH and CLRV were not interchangeable, while LTH and LTV were interchangeable. Partial lens parameters, WTW, STS, and ATA were correlated with ACD. Finally, age, ACD, ATAH, and CLRV influenced LT.

Objective To investigate the reasonable anticoagulant therapy for patients over sixty five years old in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau after heart biological valve replacement , and study the standard of reasonable anticoagulant therapy. Methods We collected the recent cases by retrospective way . Low-intensity anticoagulation standard INR (1.5~2.5) was used on 130 patients over sixty five years old. The warfarin dose and anticoagulation INR values in different surgery operation were compared when the patients reached the stable anticoagulation status. The frequency of INR values and warfarin dosage were studied. The differences between the patients with high risk factors and the ordinary patients without the high risk factors in INR values and warfarin dosage were investigated. Results The INR values and warfarin doses showed no significant difference (P > 0.05) in different operation groups when they reached stable anticoagulation status. The INR values was 1.94 ± 0.50 and the daily warfarin dose was (2.45 ± 0.82)mg/d. No significant differences in INR values and warfarin doses were found between the high-risk group and the general group (P>0.05) in steady-state. During follow-up, both the incidence rate of thrombosis and general bleeding were 0.77%. Conclusion The precent study showed that the low-intensity anticoagulation INR values (1.5~2.5) can be the standard of reasonable anticoagulation in Yunnan-Guizhou plateau after heart biological valve replacement with satisfactory anticoagulant effect.

Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and monitoring application of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies ( PLA2R ) in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy ( IMN) .Methods A retrospective study was used .48 patients were diagnosed as idiopathic membranous nephropathy by puncturing kidney from January of 2013 to June of 2014 in the Hospital of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medical University and Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were included. 43 patients were diagnosed as non-idiopathic membranous nephropathy ( NIMN ).35 healthy volunteers were selected as control groups.Serum PLA2R were detected by indirect immunofluorescence.The intensity of antibodies fluorescence and the level of urine protein in 24 hours(24 h PRO) ,serum UREA ,serum CYSC, serum UA,GFR were compared in each groups.Measurement data was shown as mean ±standard deviation;Count data was shown as frequency or composition, t test andχ2 test were used as statistical method.Results (1) Among 48 cases with IMN,37 cases showed positive PLA2R (positive rate 77.08%).All of cases were negative in NIMN group.The sensitivity and the specificity of serum PLA2R were 77.08%and 100%.(2) Compared with control groups, the levels of UREA, CYSC and UA were found statistically significant differences in patients with IMN ( P <0.05 ) .( The levels of UREA in control groups and IMN groups respectively:4.12 ±1.25,6.02 ±2.28, t =4.446,P=0.00;UA:262 ±49,331 ±112,t =2.577,P =0.017;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21,1.16 ±0.27,t=4.63,P=0.00.) Compared with control groups, the levels of main items in patients with NIMN had statistically significant differences (P<0.05).(The levels of UREA in control groups and Allergic purpura nephropathy subgroups respectively:4.12 ±1.25,5.43 ±1.84,t=3.606,P=0.000 2;UA:262 ±49, 299 ±51, t=1.050,P=0.03;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21, 1.06 ±0.31, t=1.672,P=0.02.The levels of UREA in control groups and lupus nephropathy subgroups respectively:4.12 ±1.25, 5.90 ±2.20,t=4.225,P=0.00;UA:262 ±49, 342 ±92,t=2.409,P=0.026;CYSC:0.78 ± 0.21,0.92 ±0.24, t =1.674, P =0.00.The levels of UREA in control groups and IgA nephropathy subgroups respectively:4.12 ±1.25,6.69 ±2.87,t=4.756,P=0.00;UA:262 ±49,361 ±52,t=4.598, P=0.00;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21, 1.30 ±0.36,t=4.752,P=0.00.The levels of UREA in control groups and tumor associated nephropathy subgroups respectively: 4.12 ±1.25, 5.02 ±1.70, t =3.626, P =0.002;UA:262 ±49, 289 ±92,t=0.05,P=0.01;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21, 0.98 ±0.20,t=1.1,P=0.01.) There was no statistically significant differences between IMN group and NIMN ( P >0.05 ) . ( 3 ) Positive correlation were found between 24 h PRO(r=0.877,P=0.00),serum UA (r=0.766,P=0.00 ) with the level of PLA2R antibodies fluorescence intensity.( 4 ) There were no correlation between serum PLA2R antibody with IMN pathology aging (r=0.087,0.194,0.182;P=0.598,0.399,0.667).PLA2R positive rate(Ⅰstage:37.50%,Ⅱstage:84.85%, Ⅲstage 85.71%) may increases with the increasing of illness severity.Conclusion Serum PLA2R antibody would be a new laboratory diagnosis standard in patients with IMN.(Chin J Lab Med, 2015, 38:595-599 ) Objective To investigate the diagnostic value and monitoring application of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies ( PLA2R ) in patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy ( IMN) .Methods A retrospective study was used .48 patients were diagnosed as idiopathic membranous nephropathy by puncturing kidney from January of 2013 to June of 2014 in the Hospital of Liaoning Traditional Chinese Medical University and Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University were included. 43 patients were diagnosed as non-idiopathic membranous nephropathy ( NIMN ).35 healthy volunteers were selected as control groups.Serum PLA2R were detected by indirect immunofluorescence.The intensity of antibodies fluorescence and the level of urine protein in 24 hours(24 h PRO) ,serum UREA ,serum CYSC, serum UA,GFR were compared in each groups.Measurement data was shown as mean ±standard deviation;Count data was shown as frequency or composition, t test andχ2 test were used as statistical method.Results (1) Among 48 cases with IMN,37 cases showed positive PLA2R (positive rate 77.08%).All of cases were negative in NIMN group.The sensitivity and the specificity of serum PLA2R were 77.08%and 100%.(2) Compared with control groups, the levels of UREA, CYSC and UA were found statistically significant differences in patients with IMN ( P <0.05 ) .( The levels of UREA in control groups and IMN groups respectively:4.12 ±1.25,6.02 ±2.28, t =4.446,P=0.00;UA:262 ±49,331 ±112,t =2.577,P =0.017;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21,1.16 ±0.27,t=4.63,P=0.00.) Compared with control groups, the levels of main items in patients with NIMN had statistically significant differences (P<0.05).(The levels of UREA in control groups and Allergic purpura nephropathy subgroups respectively:4.12 ±1.25,5.43 ±1.84,t=3.606,P=0.000 2;UA:262 ±49, 299 ±51, t=1.050,P=0.03;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21, 1.06 ±0.31, t=1.672,P=0.02.The levels of UREA in control groups and lupus nephropathy subgroups respectively:4.12 ±1.25, 5.90 ±2.20,t=4.225,P=0.00;UA:262 ±49, 342 ±92,t=2.409,P=0.026;CYSC:0.78 ± 0.21,0.92 ±0.24, t =1.674, P =0.00.The levels of UREA in control groups and IgA nephropathy subgroups respectively:4.12 ±1.25,6.69 ±2.87,t=4.756,P=0.00;UA:262 ±49,361 ±52,t=4.598, P=0.00;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21, 1.30 ±0.36,t=4.752,P=0.00.The levels of UREA in control groups and tumor associated nephropathy subgroups respectively: 4.12 ±1.25, 5.02 ±1.70, t =3.626, P =0.002;UA:262 ±49, 289 ±92,t=0.05,P=0.01;CYSC:0.78 ±0.21, 0.98 ±0.20,t=1.1,P=0.01.) There was no statistically significant differences between IMN group and NIMN ( P >0.05 ) . ( 3 ) Positive correlation were found between 24 h PRO(r=0.877,P=0.00),serum UA (r=0.766,P=0.00 ) with the level of PLA2R antibodies fluorescence intensity.( 4 ) There were no correlation between serum PLA2R antibody with IMN pathology aging (r=0.087,0.194,0.182;P=0.598,0.399,0.667).PLA2R positive rate(Ⅰstage:37.50%,Ⅱstage:84.85%, Ⅲstage 85.71%) may increases with the increasing of illness severity.Conclusion Serum PLA2R antibody would be a new laboratory diagnosis standard in patients with IMN.

AIM:To investigate the regulatory effect of oxidative stress-AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK)-connexin 43(Cx43)-nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)pathway on extracellular matrix(ECM)remodeling of gastric smooth muscle cells under high glucose(HG)condition.METHODS:Primary rat smooth muscle cells cultured in vitro were divided into normal glucose group,HG group,HG+NLRP3 inhibitor MCC950(15 nmol/L)group,HG+Cx43 hemichannel blocker GAP19(100 μmol/L)group,HG+AMPK inhibitor Compound C(CC;10 μmol/L)group,and high glucose+antioxidant α-lipoic acid(α-LA;100 μmol/L)group,which were all cultured for 48 h for detection.The protein levels of caspase-1,matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2),NLRP3,Cx43,transforming growth factor-β1(TGF-β1),TGF-β3,tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1),purinergic P2X7 receptor(P2X7R)and phosphorylated AMPK(p-AMPK)in the cells were detected by Western blot.The levels of adenosine tri-phosphate,interleukin-1β,collagen type Ⅰ(Col I)and collagen type Ⅲ(Col Ⅲ)in the cell culture medium were deter-mined by ELISA.RESULTS:Compared with HG group,the levels of MMP-2 and TGF-β3 in HG+MCC950 group were decreased(P<0.01),while the levels of TGF-β1 and TIMP-1 were increased(P<0.01).The levels of NLRP3 and cas-pase-1 in HG+GAP19 group were decreased(P<0.01),while the expression of P2X7R was not changed.The levels of NLRP3,caspase-1,P2X7R,total Cx43 and membrane Cx43,and the ratio of membrane Cx43 to cytoplasmic Cx43 were decreased in HG+CC group(P<0.01).The levels of p-AMPK,caspase-1,NLRP3,P2X7R,total Cx43 and membrane Cx43,and the ratio of membrane Cx43 to cytoplasmic Cx43 were decreased in HG+α-LA group(P<0.05).CONCLU-SION:High glucose regulates the content of Col I and Col Ⅲ through the oxidative stress-AMPK-Cx43-NLRP3 pathway,thereby participating in the extracellular matrix remodeling of gastric smooth muscle cells.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of ultrasound negative pressure suction with percutaneous nephroscope in the treatment of perirenal abscess.Methods:The clinical data of 11 patients with perirenal abscess admitted to Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from January 2013 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 males and 7 females. The average age was 59(51-76) years. The abscess was located on the left side in 4 cases and on the right side in 7 cases. The average diameter of abscess was 11.2(8.1-19.2) cm. All patients had fever, low back pain and abdominal mass, accompanied by bladder irritation in 6 cases, gross hematuria in 5 cases, abdominal distension, nausea and anorexia in 3 cases. There were 7 cases with type 2 diabetes, 2 cases with rheumatoid arthritis and 6 cases with ipsilateral kidney and ureter stone. Among the 11 patients, 6 had a history of urinary tract infection, 1 had a history of upper respiratory tract infection, 1 had secondary infection of perirenal hematoma after traumatic renal rupture, and 3 had secondary infection of perirenal hematoma after percutaneous nephroscopy. All patients were treated with ultrasound negative pressure suction with percutaneous nephroscope under local anesthesia by single operator. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, drainage volume, drainage tube indwelling time, postoperative body temperature returned to normal time, postoperative hospital stay, therapeutic effect and complications were analyzed.Results:All operation procedures of 11 patients were successfully completed, including 8 cases of single channel, 2 cases of double channels and 1 case of three channels. The average operation time was 44(20-74)min, the average amount of blood loss was 15(10-20)ml, the average amount of pus was 325(200-500)ml, the average indwelling time of drainage tube was 8(6-12)d, the average time of body temperature returned to normal was 0.9(0.5-2.0)d, and the average hospitalization time was 9.6(7.0-14.0)d. Before discharge, CT reexamination showed that the perirenal abscess disappeared. There were no serious complications during and after operation. The average follow-up time was 4.4(3-8) months. There was no recurrence in all patients.Conclusions:Ultrasound negative pressure suction with percutaneous nephroscope is one of the safe and effective surgical methods for the treatment of perirenal abscess. It has the advantages of small trauma, quick recovery, complete drainage, exact effect and fewer complications.

In the past decades, great progress has been made in cartilage regeneration. The traditional techniques for constructing tissue engineering cartilage scaffold mainly include pore agent method (or template method ) , phase separation method, gas foaming method, freeze-drying method , electrospinning method, etc. Cartilage is heterogeneous, and it is difficult for traditional scaffolds to simulate the high anisotropy of cartilage. Therefore, functional regeneration of cartilage is challenging. With the progress of three-dimensional (3D) printing technology, it is possible to prepare functional bionic scaffolds with fine structure and gradient changes through co deposition of biomaterials, cells and active biomolecules, so as to achieve functional cartilage regeneration. This article reviews 3D printing technology of cartilage tissue engineering, and the application of 3D printing technology in cartilage regeneration at different anatomical positions (articular cartilage, auricle cartilage, nasal cartilage) . In addition, the importance of preparing bionic constructs with regional structure gradient and regional composition gradient was discussed. 3D bioprinting technology, 4 D printing techniques, smart biomaterials brought hope for the construction of bionic tissues and organs.