Objective To analyze the main research directions, hotspots, and development trends of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the prevention and treatment of bronchiectasis in China. Methods The CiteSpace software was used to conduct an in-depth exploration of the relevant characteristics of TCM researches on the prevention and treatment of bronchiectasis in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database from 2001 to 2022, and the authors, research institutions, keywords, and other elements were presented and analyzed in the form of maps. Results A total of 457 literatures were included in this study, and the number of publications in journals showed a stable growth trend over time.Through the analysis of keywords, it revealed that disease symptoms and stages, clinical efficacy, experiences of famous doctors, TCM treatment, and data mining were currently research hotspots. Conclusion The cooperation between authors and research institutions should be strengthened to grasp the research hotspots and evolution trends of TCM in the prevention and treatment of bronchiectasis.Further researches on TCM treatment of bronchiectasis need to be strengthened.

Objectives:To investigate the effect of fat suppression (FS) T 2WI on the interobserver agreement and diagnostic performance of clear cell likelihood score version 2.0 (ccLS v2.0) for clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Methods:In this retrospective study, the MR images of 111 patients with pathologically confirmed small renal masses (SRM) from January to December 2021 were analyzed in the First Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital. Of the 111 SRM, 82 cases were ccRCC and 29 cases were non-ccRCC. Two radiologists independently assessed ccLS scores based on T 2WI signal intensity (hypointense, isointense, hyperintense) and other MRI features (ccLS-T 2WI). After a one-month interval, the ccLS scores were independently evaluated utilizing the frequency-selective saturation FS-T 2WI and other MRI features (ccLS-FS-T 2WI). Fisher′s exact test was used to compare the difference in SRM signal intensity on T 2WI and FS-T 2WI. The weighted Kappa test was performed to assess the interobserver agreement of the two radiologists, and differences in the weighted Kappa coefficients were compared using the Gwet consistency coefficient. Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ccLS-T 2WI and ccLS-FS-T 2WI in diagnosing ccRCC, and the area under the curve (AUC) was compared utilizing the DeLong test. Results:The signal intensity of 111 SRM on T 2WI and FS-T 2WI had statistically significant difference (χ 2=126.33, P<0.001), consistent in 88 cases (79.3%) and varied in 23 cases (20.7%). The weighted Kappa coefficient of ccLS-T 2WI was 0.57 (95%CI 0.45-0.69) between the two radiologists, and the weighted Kappa coefficient of ccLS-FS-T 2WI was 0.55 (95%CI 0.42-0.67), and the difference was not statistically significant ( t=-0.65, P=0.520). The AUC of ccLS-T 2WI for ccRCC diagnosis was 0.92 (95%CI 0.86-0.97), while the AUC of ccLS-FS-T 2WI for ccRCC diagnosis was 0.91 (95%CI 0.85-0.96), and the difference was not statistically significant ( Z=1.50, P=0.133). Conclusions:The interobserver agreement and diagnostic performance of ccLS v2.0 based on T 2WI and FS-T 2WI sequences for ccRCC are comparable, and FS-T 2WI is applicable for the clinical application of ccLS v2.0.

Objective:To investigate the impact of the interval period between biopsy and MR examination on tumor detection and extraprostatic extension (EPE) assessment for prostate cancer (PCa) using multi-parametric MRI (mpMRI).Methods:The study was cross-sectional and retrospectively included 130 patients with PCa who underwent RP and preoperative systematic biopsies followed by mpMRI between January 2021 and December 2022 in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to interval following biopsy (group A,<3 weeks, 31 cases; group B, 3-6 weeks, 67 cases; group C,>6 weeks, 32 cases). The percentages of hemorrhage volume in the total prostate were drawn on T 1WI and calculated. The junior, senior and expert radiologists independently localized the index lesions and calculated the accuracy for tumor detection, in addition to assessing the probabilities of EPE according to EPE grade. The correlation between the hemorrhage extent and interval was analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient. The accuracy for tumor detection was compared using χ2 test among groups. The diagnostic performance of the radiologists for EPE prediction was assessed using the receiver operating characteristic curve, and the differences between the corresponding area under the curve (AUC) were compared using the DeLong test. Results:The percentage of hemorrhage was correlated with the interval between biopsy and MR examination ( r=-0.325, P<0.001). The detection accuracy of junior radiologist was 83.9% (26/31), 76.1% (51/67), and 78.1% (25/32) in group A, B and C, respectively; no differences were observed in the detection accuracy among three groups ( χ2=0.76, P=0.685). The detection accuracy of senior radiologist was 83.9% (26/31), 80.6% (54/67), and 71.9% (23/32) in 3 groups with no differences ( χ2=1.53, P=0.464). The detection accuracy of expert radiologist was 80.6% (25/31), 77.6% (52/67), and 93.8% (30/32) with no differences ( χ2=3.95, P=0.139). The AUC (95% CI) for predicting EPE were 0.830 (0.652-0.940), 0.704 (0.580-0.809), 0.800 (0.621-0.920) in the group A, B and C for junior radiologist; 0.876 (0.708-0.966), 0.768 (0.659-0.863), 0.896 (0.736-0.975) for senior radiologist; and 0.866 (0.695-0.961), 0.813 (0.699-0.895), 0.852 (0.682-0.952) for expert radiologist, respectively. No differences were observed among the subgroups in each radiologist ( P>0.05). Conclusion:The interval period does not significantly affect the detection accuracy and EPE assessment of PCa using mpMRI. There is probably no necessity for prolonged intervals following systematic biopsy to preserve the clarity of MRI interpretation for PCa.

Objective:To investigate the effects of sleep disorders (SD) on the radiation injury of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) in bone marrow (BM).Methods:Totolly 56 C57BL/6J male mice aged 6-8 weeks were enrolled in this study. They were subjected to whole body irradiation of 60Co γ-rays with doses of 5.0 and 7.5 Gy. A SD model was established using a SD device. According to the random number table method, the mice were divided into seven groups: the control group (Con group), the SD group, the mere radiation group (IR group), the group of post-irradiation SD (IR+ SD group), the group of post-irradiation SD treated with phosphate buffer solution (IR+ SD+ PBS group), the group of post-irradiation SD treated with GSK2795039 (IR+ SD+ GSK group), and the group of post-irradiation SD treated with N-acetylcysteine (IR+ SD+ NAC group), with in eight mice each group. The changes in the peripheral blood of the mice after 5.0 Gy irradiation were detected using the collected tail venous blood, and the survival rates of the mice after 7.5 Gy irradiation were observed. The changes in the density and count of bone marrow cells were observed using hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining. The number of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow (LSK cells), as well as their apoptosis level and changes in cell cycle, were detected using flow cytometry. Furthermore, indicators of LSK, such as reactive oxygen species(ROS) and mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS), were analyzed. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADP+ /NADPH) and glutathione (GSSG/GSH) were detected using an enzyme microplate reader in order to observe the oxidative stress level of LSK. Furthermore, flow cytometry was employed to sort the LSK cells from the mice, and flow cytometry was used to detect the expression of NADPH oxidase 2(NOX2) and cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinnase-1(Caspase-1), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the expression of inflammatory factors such as NOX1-4, interleukin 1β (IL-1β), interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 18 (IL-18), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). Results:Compared to the IR group, the IR+ SD group exhibited significantly slower recovery of white blood cells (WBC) and platelets (PLT) ( t = 4.39, 6.37, P < 0.05), the bone marrow cell count decreasing from (2.14 ± 0.38) × 10 7 to (3.59 ± 0.29) × 10 7 ( t = 8.55, P < 0.05), significantly decreased proportion of G 0-phase LSK cells, significantly increased proportion of apoptotic cells ( t = 7.53, 8.21, P < 0.05), and significantly increased DCFH-DA, MitoSOX, and NADP+ /NADPH ( t = 22.99, 29.47, 3.77, P<0.05). In the case of IR, SD further promoted the activation of NOX2 and led to increases in the mRNA expression of downstream inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, and TNF-α ( t = 6.95, 6.01, 8.39, 4.91, 5.56, P < 0.05). Inhibition of NOX2-ROS could prevent the SD-induced aggravation of post-irradiation hematopoietic injury. This significantly reduced the apoptotic rate of LSK cells and the expression of inflammatory factors, ultimately accelerating the hematopoietic recovery of LSK cells ( t = 9.24, 3.92, P < 0.05). Conclusions:SD can aggravate the IR-induced injury of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow, primarily by activating the NOX2-ROS-Caspase-1 axis. This will increase the levels of intracellular inflammatory factors and ROS, promote cell apoptosis, and ultimately inhibit the hematopoietic recovery of bone marrow.

Purpose To explore the additional value of apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC)histogram in predicting extraprostatic extension(EPE)of prostate cancer.Materials and Methods Consecutive patients undergoing multi-parameter MRI and subsequent radical prostatectomy from January 2021 to December 2022 were retrospectively included in this study.Two radiologists independently estimated EPE by using national cancer institute grading system for extraprostatic extension(EPE grade system),with disagreement resolved by discussion.Histogram metrics were derived from three-dimensional volumes of interest encompassing the entire lesion on ADC maps using FireVoxel,obtaining mean ADC,1st,5th,10th,25th,50th,75th,90th,95th and 99th ADC values.The ADC histograms between the groups with and without EPE were compared.Multivariable Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent predictive factors of EPE,and a combined model was developed.Receiver operator characteristic curve was used to evaluate the diagnostic performance,and the area under the curve was calculated and compared.Results Thirty-four patients(34％)had pathologic confirmed EPE after radical prostatectomy.ADC histogram parameters showed significant differences between patients with and without EPE(P＜0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed 99th ADC(OR=0.609,P=0.008)and EPE grade system(OR=4.158,P＜0.001)were independent predictors of EPE.For predicting EPE,the area under the curve of 99th ADC,EPE grade system and the combined model were 0.756,0.805 and 0.856,respectively.The area under the curve of 99th ADC and the EPE grade system in identifying EPE showed no significant difference.The diagnostic efficacy of combined model was significantly superior to that of 99th ADC or EPE grading system(Z=2.223,2.208,both P＜0.05).Conclusion The ADC histogram parameters demonstrate additional value for preoperative prediction of EPE.Combining the 99th ADC histogram parameter with the EPE grade system may improve the diagnostic efficacy of EPE.