Objective To explore the relationship between birth weight and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods A population cohort study was carried out among 561 adults who were born in 1956,1960 or 1964 in Jinzhong City of Shanxi Province in August 2008 and October 2012.All the participants were required to fill in a questionnaire survey,take physical examinations and laboratory tests.Height,body weight,waist circumference,blood glucose,triglyceride and blood pressure were recorded.Their mothers were interviewed through phone call.Results One hundred individuals were finally qualified,including 42 men and 58 women.Thirty-nine and 41 MS patients were detected in 2008 and 2012,respectively.Prevalence of MS showed statistically significant difference among those born in 1964,1960 or 1956(2008:x2 =6.41,P ＜ 0.05; 2012:x2 =8.14,P ＜ 0.05).The average body weight of babies born in 1960 ((2.9 ± 0.6) kg) was significantly lower than those born in 1964 ((3.2 ±0.4) kg) or 1956 ((3.3 ±0.5) kg) (t values were 5.88 and 6.32,respectively; both P ＜0.05).The rate of poor nutrition during pregnancy was significantly higher in 1960 (68.9％) than in 1956 (28.6％) and 1964 (45.2％) (x2 values were 14.15 and 4.39,respectively; both P ＜ 0.05).In Pearson correlation analysis,coefficient of birth weight and post-MS was-0.106,the coefficient of nutrition during pregnancy and post-MS was -0.005.Conclusions The non-low birth weight children whose mothers had pregnancy malnutrition show higher prevalence of MS in adult.It could be important to carry out health management among children whose mother has experienced pregnancy malnutrition.

ely in patients with uterine cervix carcinoma. The sensitivity is rather higher according to diagnostic criteria of most diameter ≥10 mm.

Objective To study the effects of natural walking on human plantar pressure and surface electromyogrphy (sEMG) of lower limbs.Methods 28 healthy male volunteers were enrolled,and their plantar pressure and surface electromyogrphy related parameters were measured before and after 30 min natural walking.These parameters not only include plantar peak pressure and peak impulse,but also include time domain parameter (integral electromyogrphy,iEMG) and frequency domain parameter (mean power frequency,MPF) of tibial anterior muscle,gastrocnemius,femoral rectus,and biceps femoris muscle.The correlations between peak pressure and height as well as weight were analyzed.Results The feature parameters showed significant difference between left and right foot before and after 30 min natural walking (all P＜0.05).The differences of peak pressure and peak impulse values between left and right limb were found in different plantar areas.In the metatarsal areas M3,M4 and M5,the pressure parameters of left side were larger than those of right side (all P＜0.05).The values of iEMG and sEMG of left limb were larger than those of right side in tibialis anterior,gastrocnemius,rectus femoris and biceps femoris (all P＜ 0.05).The MPF values of sEMG of left limb were larger than those of right side in tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius (all P＜0.05).After 30 min natural walking,the peak pressures in right toe2-5 areas were decreased (all P＜0.05),the differences of iEMG of sEMG in all muscles were not significantly,and the MPF value of sEMG in left rectus femoris was decreased.Weak correlations were observed between peak pressure and height as well as weight.Conclusions The differences of left and right lower limbs were found in plantar pressure and sEMG values during natural walking.The results showed that 30 min natural walking did not cause significant stress-related fatigue in plantar areas.Therefore,the stability of gait can be maintained for a 30 min natural walking.However,that may lead to fatigue of the femoris rectus in the left limb.

Objective:To investigate the effect of enteral nutrition support by CT-guided percutaneous gastrostomyon the nutritional status of patients with esophageal cancer complicated with dysphagia during radiotherapy.Methods:Therewere46 cases of esophageal cancer patients with dysphagia treated with CT-guided percutaneousgastrostomy.Others 43 cases of esophageal cancer by oral feeding in patients with dysphagia as control groupduringthe sametimein our hospital radiotherapy center.Patients in the observation group were ingested daily through the gastrostomy,and the nutritional intake of the control group included oral ingestion and intravenous infusion.All patients were measuredthe body height,body weight (BW).body mass index (BMI),Serum levels of serum albumin (ALB),pre-albumin (PA) and hemoglobin (HB) before and after radiotherapy.We also observed the incidence of acute radiation esophagitis and the completion of the treatment plan during radiotherapy in both groups,and to observe the two groups of patients the incidence rate of radiotherapy and treatment plan during the completion of acute radiation esophagitis.Results:There was no significant difference in BW,BMI,ALB,PA,HB before radiotherapy between the two groups (t =0.84,0.63,-1.07,-0.81,1.48,P ＞ 0.05).The BW,BMI,ALB,PA and HB of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the end of radiotherapy,which werestatistically significant (t=3.30,4.65,6.82,43.56,31.91,P ＜ 0.01).During the radiotherapy,the total incidence of acute radiation esophagitis in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group,(x2=3.971,P＜ 0.05).In addition,the completion rate of the observationgroup was significantly higher than that of the control group (x2 =6.811,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion:To the Patients with dysphagia of esophageal cancer,enteral nutrition byCT guided percutaneous gastrostomy,can improve the malnutrition,the immune function of the patients and reduce the acute radiation esophagitis during radiotherapy and ensure the successful completion of the treatment plan.

The chemical composition of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is the material base for its prevention and treatment of disease. Characterization, analysis and isolation of chemical constituents, important fields of modern research on TCM, however, are still a great challenge due to the complexity. In recent years, considerable progress has been made in these fields with the application of new chromatographic packing materials and methods, analysis technologies represented by LC-MS and the associated databases and softwares. Here, the advancement of methods and strategies used in the research on the chemical constituents of TCM is briefly reviewed.

Actins ; metabolism ; Adenomyoepithelioma ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Aged ; Axilla ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Keratin-7 ; metabolism ; Lymph Nodes ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; S100 Proteins ; metabolism

Objective:This study analyzes the clinicopathological characteristics, pathological diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of ovarian small cell carcinoma (SCCO). Methods:The medical records of SCCO patients in the Cancer Hospital of Peking Union Medical College between 2005 and 2012 were reviewed. Results:The mean age of patients was 43. 75 years old (ranging from 17 to 57), two cases were postmenopausal, and one case was less than 30 years old. Twenty-one patients had FIGO stageⅠ, whereas three cases had stageⅢto Ⅳ. Three cases were classified as pulmonary type. Forty-three patients received cytoreductive surgery, and one underwent fertili ty-conserving surgery. All patients were postoperatively treated with platinum-based chemotherapy, whereas three cases received Paclitaxel plus Carboplatin. No patient received adjuvant radiotherapy. One patient died nine months after the initial diagnosis, and one died 12 months after the initial diagnosis. The other two cases remain alive with no evidence of recurrence after follow up at 7 and 30 months after diagnosis. Conclusion:SCCO is a rare ovarian tumor with high malignancy potential and thus has poor prognosis. The clinical manifestations of SCCO resemble those of epithelial ovarian cancer. Immunohistochemistry can be used for differential diagnosis. The standard SCCO treatments are cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy. The optimal chemotherapy regimen requires further research.

Objective To evaluate the application value of X-ray,echocardiogram,pulmonary perfusion scintigraphy,EBCT,Magnetic resonance Pulmonary angiography in diagnosis of PTE.Methods Twenty-five consecutive patients clinically diagnosed of having PTE were examined from july 2003 through March 2004. Patients underwent X-ray chest plain film, echoeardiogram, electronic beam computed tomographie (EBCT)angiography,ventilation-perfusion (V-P)seintigraphy,Magnetic resonance Pulmonary angiography (MRPA)and puhnonary angiography according to a strict diagnostic protocol.Two of the independent readers reviewed the pulmonary angiography and record all of the lobe and segmental involved in PTE and compared with other image method.Results Pulmonary angiography:all of the patients success underwent the technique,the pulmonary artery branch with PTE was in 556 of 775 branches (71.7%). Chest radiography had hints of diagnosis in 12 of 25 patients.Nine patients diagnosed with echocardiogram. Right heart enlargement was in 21,and pulmonary hypertension in 18.V-P scintigraphy revealed 247 segmental involved with PTE of 500 (52.0% ),and the sensitivity was 64.66% compare with the pulmonary angiography.There were 523 pulmonary branches involved PTE with EBCT pulmonary angiograpy of 775 branches,and the sensitivity was 94.06%.MRPA: 8 of 10 patients succeed in the technique, 155 branches of 248 were detected with PTE(62.5% ),the sensitivity was 81.29%.Conclusions EBCT is a high sensitivity method in diagnosis of PTE.Chest radiography and echocardiogram are the first-line modality of PTE.V-P scintigrapby is the valid compensation in diagnosis subsegmental pulmonary artery with PTE when EBCT miss diagnosis.Gd-CE-MRPA may be the second-line modality in diagnosis of PTE.

Objective To investigate the effects of different depth of anesthesia on ScvO2 and ABL in elderly patients with gastrointestinal cancer. Methods Totally 55 elderly patients undergoing gastrointestinal sur-gery were randomly divided into deep anesthesia group(BIS40-49)(group D,n=27)and light anesthesia group (BIS50-59)(group S,n = 28). While SVV value was fixed,fluid management was conducted while monitoring CVP. HR,MAP,the change of central venous oxygen saturation and lactic acid index were recorded in different time points. Results Propofol dosage in group D and group S indicated statistical significance(P<0.05). ScvO2 in group S in T3~T5 was higher than that in T0 and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Com-pared with ScvO2 in T3 in group D,that in group S was significantly higher and the difference was statistically sig-nificant(P<0.01),but no significant difference was found in other time point in 2 groups(P>0.05). There was no significant difference between and within ABL groups in each time period(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in terms of other indicators between 2 groups. Conclusions For elderly patients with gastrointestinal surgery,shallow anesthesia can improve tissue oxygenation and reduce the amount of anesthetics.

Objective To analyze the disease-free survival (DFS) and prognostic factors for stage Ⅰ_b cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated by radical hysterectomy. Methods From January 1999 to December 2005, a total of 206 patients with uterus cervical squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were treated by type 3 hysterectomy and pelvic and/or para-aortic lymphadenectomy at Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. The diseases were stage Ⅰ_(B1) and Ⅰ_(B2)= in 103 patients each. Seventy-nine (76.7%) patients had preoperative radiotherapy and 111 (53. 9%) had postoperative adjuvant treatment (PosAT). Prognostic factors were analyzed using univariate model and multivariate Cox model. Results The follow-up rate was 92. 7%. 106 patients had following-up time of five years. The overall 5-year survival rate and the disease-free survival rate of stage Ⅰ_b,Ⅰ_(B1) and Ⅰ_(B2) were 96. 3% and 86. 8%, 100% and 94. 6%, 92. 2% and 77.9%, respectively. Univariate predictors of DFS included tumor size (FIGO stage, 77.9% : 94. 6% ; Χ~2 = 5. 58, P = 0. 018), lympho-vascular space involvement (LVSI, 74.6% : 89. 8% ; Χ~2 = 10. 44, P =0. 001), vaginal involvement (purely fornix involvement was not included disease, 50% : 87. 9% ; Χ~2 = 7.01,P = 0. 008), parametrial involvement (PI, Χ~2 = 17.69 ,P = 0. 000), and metastatic lymph nodes (LNM) > 2 (Χ~2 = 21.47, P = 0. 000) in stage Ⅰ_b disease, while LVSI (Χ~2 =6. 35,P =0. 012), PI (Χ~2 =90.00,P =0. 000) and LNM >2(Χ~2 =26. 27,P = 0. 000) in stage Ⅰ_(B1) disease, LVSI (Χ~2=10. 12,P =0. 001), cervical canal involvement (Χ~2 =4. 60,P = 0.032), vaginal involvement (Χ~2 =5.87,P=0.015), PI (Χ~2 =4.78,P=0.029) and LNM >2(Χ~2= 6. 72, P = 0. 010) in stage Ⅰ_(B2) disease. In multivariate analysis, FIGO stage (Χ~2 = 4. 73 ,P =0. 030), LVSI (Χ~2 = 9. 81, P = 0. 002), and LNM > 2 (Χ~2 = 6. 30, P = 0. 012) were significantly associated with DFS in stage Ⅰ_b, while LVSI (Χ~2 = 6. 38, P = O. 012) and LNM > 2 (Χ~2 = 3.92, P = 0. 048) were significantly associated with DFS in stage Ⅰ_(B2)-Conclusions LVSI is an important prognostic factor for stage Ⅰ_(B1) cervical cancer. PosAT reduces the recurrences in stage Ⅰ_(B2) desease. When PosAT is needed, preoperative radiotherapy can not improve DFS. PosAT should not be commonly used for stage Ⅰ_(B1) disease with only deep muscularis invasion.