0.05).Their a verage values were 6.47?0.80,4.36?0.68,9.89?0.73,5.83?1.63, 3.55 ?0.69 an d 6.81?0.93 respectively. In the male and famale LRa-TC was 3.84?1.16 and 3.1 5?0.76(P0.05).Their average v alues were 5.44?1.03,4.09?1.58,3.75?0.75,4.20?0.84 and 7.70?1.13 respective ly. In the male and famale URa-PC was 7.14?1.16 and 6.62?0.88(P0 .05).Their average values were 6.06?0.91,3.20?1.48,4.52?0.69 and 8.53?0.98 r espectively. In the male and femal URa-PC was 7.49?1.01 and 6.94?0.74(P

AIM: To study the effect of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) on cytosolic Ca 2+ and Gq protein in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells of rats (RPMVECS) and the interferring action of anisodamine.METHODS: RPMVECS of Wistar rats were isolated, cultured and identified. The concentration of cytosolic Ca 2+ and Gq protein were measured by Fura-2/AM and flow cytometry, respectively.RESULTS: (1) Compared with the control group, the level of cytosolic Ca 2+ increased and the level of Gq protein decreased significantly at 30 min and 90 min after stimulation of LPS;(2) Increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ and decrease in Gq protein in RPMVECS were inhibited by anisodamine. CONCLUSION: LPS induced the increase in cytosolic Ca 2+ and the decrease in Gq protein in RPMVEC, which was inhibited by anisodamine.

Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture in different time on the variations of fractional anisotropy (FA) mean value in diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in spinal cord injured (SCI) rats. Methods 48 Sprague-Dawley rats were performed with Allen's method by NYU blow device, resulting in T10-11 SCI. They were divided into groups according to random table. Control group (n=16) received no treatment. Experimental group (Group A, n=32) received electric stimulation in the scalp surface projection area of motor area and local electric stimulation at damaged site. Group A was divided into Group A1 (n=16) and Group A2 (n=16) again. Group A1 received electric stimulation 3 days after SCI, while Group A2 received electric stimulation 2 weeks after SCI. They were assessed with Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores and routine MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Results There was no significant difference in BBB score among all the groups at the first week (P>0.05). BBB scores of the Groups A1 and A2 were significantly different from the control group at the second and fourth week (P<0.001), and the Groups A1 from A2 (P<0.001). 2~4 hours and 3 days after modeling, there was no significant difference in the FA value among the groups (P>0.05). There was significant difference among the Groups A1, A2 and the control group at the fourth week (P<0.001). Group A1 was better than Group A2 (P<0.001). DTT images of all the groups were successful reconstructed, the Groups A1 and A2 repaired better than the control group. Conclusion The earlier electroacupuncture is taken after spinal cord injury, the better the outcome is.

AIM :To investigate the association of primary open-glaucoma (POAG), intraocular pressure (IOP) and systemic blood pressure in a rural population aged 50 years old or above in Shaanxi Province, China.METHODS: In the population-based, cross-sectional study, 1 775 (83.53%) residents, aged 50 years old or above, from 3 counties of Shaanxi Province, China, undertook an interview with a standard questionnaire and a detailed eye examination, including logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, applanation tonometry and dilated fundus examination. Two blood pressure reading in the sitting position were taken. Gonioscopy was performed if a narrower peripheral anterior chamber (less than one fourth of the corneal thickness) was indicated. Automated visual field testing was performed by participants assessed to have suspicion of glaucomatous disc damage or if IOP was 22mmHg or higher.RESULTS: IOP significantly correlated with systemic blood pressure, and both IOP and systolic blood pressure increased significantly with increasing age. No association between POAG and hypertension was found. The frequency of POAG increased significantly with lower diastolic perfusion pressure.CONCLUSION: Data in our study are accordance with those reported in other population-based studies, and confirm that lower diastolic perfusion pressure is a significant risk factor for primary open angle glaucoma.

AIM: To assess the prevalence and risk factors for age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in a rural population in Shaanxi Province of China.METHODS: A total of 2 835 (81.00%) people aged 40 years old or more, from Fuping county, Jingbian county and Yang county of Shaanxi Province, China, underwent a comprehensive interview and a relative eye examination. The present of AMD was classified into neovascular AMD (NV) and pure geographic atrophy (GA) by using direct ophthalmoscopy for fundus examination according to International Classification System.RESULTS: The prevalence (95% CI) of AMD was 3.00% (2.42, 3.71) in this population, of which NV accounted for 1.45% (1.05, 1.98) and 1.55% (1.14, 2.10)for GA. The prevalence of AMD increased significantly with increasing age (P ＜0.001). AMD was present in 0.47% of participants aged 40 to 49 years, rising to 11.90% of participants older than 80 years, of which the corresponding data increased from 0.28% to 4.76% for NV and from 0.19% to 7.14% for GA. No significant difference was found in the prevalence of NA and GA between genders in this population. With multiple logistic analyses, apart from advancing age, only smoking was found to have a strong association with any type of AMD.CONCLUSION: The prevalence of AMD in the rural population of Shaanxi Province of China is lower than that reported from other population-based studies in different provinces of China, less than that reported in whites, more than that reported in blacks. Except increasing age, smoking is also a significant well-known risk factor for AMD.

· AIM: To assess the prevalence and related risk factors for primary angle-closure glaucoma in a rural population for 40 years of age or older in Shaanxi Province.· METHODS: By using a stratified, cluster-based, random sampling technique, 8 500 persons of all ages were selected randomly, including 3 500 those aged 40 years or more, from the North, the South and the Middle of Shaanxi Province in Western China from July to December in 2003. All participants had an interview with a standard questionnaire and those questions related to glaucoma of previous diagnosis and treatment, family history and outbreak history. Then a detailed and relative eye examination was performed, including logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity, external eye examination with slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination. The intraocular pressure was measured with Perkins applanation tonometry to those persons aged 50 years old or more and those with suspected increased IOP. A further examination was performed to those persons with suspicious glaucoma, including repeated tonometric examination, gonioscopy, dark room test, automated visual field testing, et al.·RESULTS: 6 815 of the eligible 8 500 persons of all ages were interviewed and examined from July to December in 2003, a response rate of 80.18%, including 2835 of the eligible 3 500 persons of 40 years old or more with a response rate of 81.00%. According to Van Herick method, the percentage of shallow peripheral anterior chamber was 13.6%, of which 10.4% was in grade 2, 3.0% in grade 1, and 0.2% in grade 0. In this rural population for 40 years of age or older 31 participants were found to have primary angle-closure glaucoma, with the prevalence of 1.09%. With multiple logistic analyses, the prevalence increased significantly with age (P=0.008), whereas no significant difference (Pgender=0.180, Peducation=0.199) was found in the rate with gender and education, although women and illiteracy seemed to be at increased risk of the disease (OR: 1.77, 95%CI,0.77-4.10; OR: 1.71, 95%CT, 0.76-3.87). Of 31 participants, 21 persons (67.74%) had not been previously diagnosed and treated. Of 10 participants previously diagnosed, 6 (60%) had been received peripheral iridectomy; nevertheless, no any other treatments were performed. 48.39% participants suffered from visual impairment in various degrees, of which the percentage of blindness in either eye accounted for 29.03%. Of those with primary angle-closure glaucoma, 22 persons (70.97%) were classified as having chronic from of the disease.· CONCLUSION: In this rural population in Shaanxi Province of China, the rate of occludable angles is 13.6%, more common than that reported previously in other Chinese populations. The prevalence of primary angle-closure glaucoma is close to that from other Asian populations, increasing with age. A majority of glaucoma was undiagnosed and untreated previously.

· AIM: To assess the prevalence and related risk factors of primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) in a rural population in Shaanxi Province.· METHODS: By using a stratified, duster-based, random sampling technique, 8 500 persons of all ages were selected randomly, from the North, the South and the Middle of Shaanxi Province from July to December in 2003. All participants had an interview with a standard questionnaire and those questions related to glaucoma of previous diagnosis and treatment, family history and outbreak history. Then a detailed and relative eye examination was performed, including logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution visual acuity, external eye examination with slit-lamp biomicroscopy and fundus examination. The intraocular pressure was measured with Perkins applanation tonometry to those persons aged 50years old or more and those with suspected increased IOP. A further examination was performed to those persons with suspicious glaucoma, including repeated tonometric examination, gonioscopy, dark room test, automated visual field testing, et al.· RESULTS: 6 815 of the eligible 8 500 persons of all ages were interviewed and examined from July to December in 2003, a response rate of 80.18%. 9 participants were found to have POAG, with the prevalence of 0.13%, age ranging from 38 to 80 years (mean year:62.0). In those aged 30 years old or more, the prevalence of the disease was 0.23%, 0.28% and 0.39% for those more than 40 and 50 years old, respectively. The rate of suspicious POAG was 0.18% (12 cases) with age ranging from 35 to 77 years (mean year: 54.7). With multiple logistic analyses, the prevalence increased significantly with age (P=0.023). Other than increasing age, myopia was also a strong risk factor for POAG. Of 9participants with POAG, only 2 cases (22.22%) had been previously diagnosed. No one with POAG was received any treatment previously. 66.67% (6 cases) participants with POAG suffered from visual impairment in various degrees secondary to POAG. The percentage of blindness in either eye was 33.33%.· CONCLUSION: The prevalence of POAG is close to that from other Chinese populations, increasing with age. A majority of glaucoma was undiagnosed and untreated previously.

Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Lung ; diagnostic imaging ; Lung Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Perfusion Imaging ; Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated ; methods ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; methods

Objective To explore the effect of different temperature of the forced- air warming system on the prevention of hypothermia during laparotomy of infants. Methods A total of 60 infants undergoing laparotomy under general anesthesia were recruited and divided into three groups by random digits table method with 20 cases each according to admitting time; when used the force- air warming system intraoperatively, the three groups were respectively setting on 45℃(automatic adjustment for 43 ℃ after 45 minutes), 43 ℃ and 38 ℃.The core temperature were respectively recorded before anesthesia and 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes after anesthesia (every 30 minutes after 1 hour).The hypothermia incidence and anesthesia recovery conditions were recorded simultaneously. Results There was no significant difference on the core temperature among three groups before anesthesia (P > 0.05). 30 minutes after the anesthetic, the core temperature of 45 ℃ group was (36.31±0.20) ℃,43 ℃ group was (36.32±0.24) ℃ and 38 ℃ group was (36.08±0.21) ℃.The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=8.12, P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between 45 ℃ group and 43 ℃ group (P > 0.05). 60 minutes after the anesthetic, the core temperature of 45 ℃ group was (36.39±0.26) ℃,43 ℃ group was (36.19±0.22) ℃ and 38 ℃ group was (35.92±0.15) ℃. The differences among three groups was statistically significant(F=25.19, P<0.01).The hypothermia incidence of 45℃group, 43℃ group,38℃ group was 10.0%(2/20), 25.0%(5/20), 50.0%(10/20)respectively and the differences among three groups was statistically significant( χ2=8.04, P<0.05). The time to complete consciousness of 45 ℃ group was (15.40±5.09) minutes,43 ℃ group was (19.80±4.10) minutes and 38 ℃ group was (22.00±4.36) minutes. The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=10.96, P<0.01). The time to tracheal extubation of 45 ℃ group was (18.10±5.97) minutes, 43 ℃ group was (21.85±4.02) minutes and 38 ℃ group was (24.90±5.54) minutes.The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=9.83, P<0.01). Conclusions The forced-air warming system can increase the infants′peripheral tissue heat content and reduce the heat losing.So that it will help decrease the intraoperative hypothermia incidence and shorten the anesthesia recovery period.Meanwhile the higher temperature of the forced-air warming system is setted ,the better effect it is.

Objective To assess quantitative and subjective image quality in computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CT-PA)with dual-energy subtraction methods,and to select the best dual-energy subtraction method.Methods 30 consecutive patients underwent CTPA using a single tube,fast voltage switching technique.One set of routine poly-chromatic images (RPI),two sets of monochromatic images with different optimal contrast-to-noise ratios (OCNR)and three sets of dual-energy subtraction images (DE-SI)were obtained by a dedicated workstation with dual-energy software (AW4.5 Advantage WS;GE Healthcare).For all the six sets of images,CNR and the score of global subjective image quality were calculated.Results DESI 3 got the highest CNR,and DESI 1 got the next high CNR.In global subjective image quality,DESI 1 got the highest score.However,when compared with DESI 2,no significant difference was found.Conclusion CTPA with dual-energy subtraction technique is feasible.DESI 1 affords the best bal-ance between quantitative analysis and subjective evaluation compared with other sets of images.