Spinal cord injury causes motor dysfunction below the level of damage plane, that due to the interruption of descending tracts passing movement instruction from the brain to the spinal cord. The main tract is the corticospinal tract which dominate the extremity motor function. The regeneration of the corticospinal tract or functional remodeling after spinal cord injury is anatomical pathology basis of promoting recovery of extremity motor function. This article discussed the anatomical knowledge of the corticospinal tract and previous classic methods of promoting corticospinal tract axon regeneration and repair and the latest research progress, in order to help the clinical treatment.

Objective To patient who suffer from middle and late period carcinoma of esophagus radiation therapy and chemotherapy. Observe the effects and the side effects of radiation therapy and chemotherapy.Methods Radiation therapy and chemotherapy 60 examples and radiation therapy 60 examples,radiation use usually divide,DT 40 Gy reduce area of radiation therapy,aroid medulla,add DT 20～30 Gy,its finished after 6～7 weeks.radiation therapy and chemotherapy after 1 and 4 week,DDP 20 mg/d is used.CF 0.1/d ivgtt CF ivgtt 1/2 is used use 5-fu 500 mg/d.iv five days in a routine,every day use radiation therapy and chemotherapy.Results Radiation therapy and chemotherapy 1,2,3 year alive rate are 67%,46%,34%,radiation therapy 1,2,3 year alive rate are 52%,38%,24%,pneumonia of radiation therapy is 14 examples and 12 examples,leukocyte in blood reaction is 26 examples and 17 examples,gastrointestinal effective is 25examples and 9 examples,death is 38 examples and 48 examples,treatment routine is better than compare routine (P＜0.05).Conclusion Radiation with PCF plan chemotherapy treat middle and late period carcinoma of esophagus have hish alive rate side effects and bad effects are low.

Objective To observe the effect of vibration therapy of Mongolian medicine on headache and vertigo in concussion patients.Method A hundred eligible subjects with concussion were randomized into a treatment group of 50 cases and a control group of 50 cases. The treatment group was intervened by brain vibration therapy of Mongolian medicine, while the control group was treated with Piracetam tablets. The scores of headache and vertigo in the two groups were observed before the treatment and respectively after 3-day, 6-day, and 9-day treatment. Result After 3-day, 6-day, and 9-day treatment, respectively, the scores of headache and vertigo were significantly different from those before the treatment in both groups (P<0.05). The scores of headache and vertigo respectively after 3-day, 6-day and 9-day treatment in the treatment group were significantly different from those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The brain vibration therapy of Mongolian medicine is effective in treating headache and vertigo in concussion.

Phytoene synthase is a rate-limiting enzyme in the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis.To aim at establishing a transformation of Ginseng callus cells, elevating the nutritive value through encouraging the composition of corresponding carotenoid,taking Ginseng callus cells as acceptor,psy gene were transformed into cells via Agrobacterium-mediated. The factors affecting genetict ransformation were also investigated seperately from concentrations of A.tumefaciens, age of Ginseng callus cells, infection time and co-culture time. PCR,PCR-Southern and RT-PCR analysis from the transferred gene plants proved that psy gene has been transferred into Ginseng callus cells and can be expressed. The content of ?-carotene was increased by an average of 26 times.A base of improving and raising the contents of carotenoid in the Ginseng callus cell was established.

BACKGROUND:The anatomic structures and kinetic characteristics are the bases to establish hand model, and the kinetic characteristics of hand are determined by the anatomic structure. So, numerous scholars have paid close attention to virtual hand models based on the anatomic structures of hand.OBJECTIVE: To construct visible hand model based on anatomic structure.DESIGN: Single sample trial.SETTING: Center Laboratory, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATERIALS: This trial was carried out in the Center Laboratory, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA in October 2003. Two fresh adult hands, which involved wrist joint, provided by the Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA, were employed. The two hands had no organic damage by naked observation.METHODS: The specimens were embedded and mill-cut (mill-cut layer thinness 0.2 mm). Cannon (ESO 1OD) digital camera (6.3 million pixel) was used for image collection. Each image was 31.5 MB, Data of 1 200 images were obtained.Adobe Photoshop 7.0 software was used for image treatment and then two-dimensional cross-section images were collected. The bone, flexor tendon and the outline of hand was three-dimensionally reconstructed by using the software,which was developed by the Department of Computer Science and Technology,Tsinghua University and Institute of Computer Medicine, Department of Anatomy, Third Military Medical University of Chinese PLA.MATN OUTCOME MEASURES: Three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone, flexor tendon and outline of hand.RESULTS: ①The outline of hand: After being reconstructed, the outline, which consisted of all fingers and nails, was well displayed, and observed from many directions.② Three-dimensional reconstruction of the bone of hand: The reconstructed bones of hands involved digital bones, metacarpal bones, carpal bones and all joints, and they could be displayed solely or in groups with other reconstructed structures.③ Three-dimensional reconstruction of the flexor tendons of hand:Four superficial flexor tendons, four deep flexor tendons and one flexor pollex Iongus muscle tendon could be seen from the reconstructed images. All the flexor tendons went out together from the carpal canal and went through the palm, then spread out in fan-shape along the direction of each finger. ④ Three-dimensional reconstruction of the metacarpal fascial spaces: It could be observed from the reconstructed three-dimensional models that the proximal end of the thenar space was close, its distal end was open to the 1st web space, and the proximal end of the midpalmar fascial space was open to the posterior space of antebrachial flexor by carpal canal. Its distal end had three little spaces, which were open to the 2nd, 3rd and 4th web space, respectively.CONCLUSION: The visible hand model, which is preliminarily established, can precisely show the main anatomic structure of palm.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the conformance of drug storage condition in our hospital with the criterion of Good Supply Practice of Drug(GSP)or drug instructions. METHODS:The ratio of drugs which should be stored at cold chain or below 20 ℃ or room temperature in our hospital in 2013 was analyzed statistically according to drug instruction and GSP(2013 edition). The conformance of storage condition between our hospital and GSP(2013 edition)or drug instructions was analyzed retrospective-ly. RESULTS:Among 1 338 drugs in our hospital in 2013(886 domestic drugs,66.22%;452 imported or import-packing drugs, 33.78%),110 drugs should be refrigerated(8.22%),3 be frozen(0.22%),271 be kept below 20 ℃(20.25%)and 954 be kept at room temperature(71.30%),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:Through continuous improvement of management,drug storage con-dition could meet the requirements of GSP (2013 edition) and drug instruction. In order to ensure drug quality,the government should improve related laws and regulations,and promote the operability of storage condition stated in drug instruction.

Objective To explore the role of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in the pathogenesis of dementia. Methods 16 patients with with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 22 patients with vascular dementia (VD) and 20 healthy persons with similar age were detected the level of NLRP3 mRNA with RT-PCR in peripheral blood mononuclear cells January, 2014 to October, 2015. The serum level of interleukin (IL)-1βand IL-18 were detected with ELISA. The total number of white blood cells (WBC) and serum total calcium were collected. Single factor correlation analysis was performed between NLRP3mRNA and IL-1β, or IL-18, or WBC, or calcium concentration. Results The levels of NLRP3 mRNA ranged from high to low were as in AD group>VD group>the healthy group (q>11.48, P<0.05). The serum level of IL-1βwas higher in AD group than in the the healthy group (q=16.74, P<0.05), but not significantly different between VD group and the healthy group, nor between VD group and AD group (P<0.05). There was no signifi-cant difference about IL-18 among AD group, VD group and the healthy group (P<0.05). NLRP3 mRNA was positively correlated with the serum levels of IL-1β(r=0.64) and calcium (r=0.58) in AD group. There was no correlation between NLRP3 mRNA and IL-18 or WBC (P<0.05). Conclusion The expression of NLRP3 inflammasome may be related with the pathogenesis of AD, but little impact on the pathogene-sis of VD.

Objective To study calcium chelator BAPTA-AM antagonize the cellular oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide ( H2 O2 ) and to explore the effect of calcium ion on the cell degeneration mediated by NLRP3.Methods The SHSY5Y cell model of oxidative stress was made by hydrogen perox-ide,then the cell model was treated with calcium ion carrier A23187 or BAPTA-AM,a higher efficiency cal-cium chelating agent.The cells were divided into 4 groups:H2O2 treatment group,H2O2+A23187 group, H2 O2+A23187 +BAPTA-AM group and control group.NLRP3 protein was detected by Western blot,and Caspase-1 and IL-1βwere detected by ELISA.Results NLRP3 expression was significantly increased in cells treated by hydrogen peroxide(P<0.05) .The NLRP3 protein continued to increase, and the expression of Caspase-1((57.1±19.2)pmol/L) and IL-1β((484.2±49.5)pg/ml) protein was also increased signifi-cantly in cells treated by A23187,and the difference had statistically significant for caspase-1 or IL-1βin H2O2+A23187 group compared with those in control group(Caspase-1:(26.8±12.9)pmol/L,IL-1β:(326.9 ±52.1) pg/ml) (P<0.05, P<0.01) .NLRP3,Caspase-1 and IL-1βwere all significantly reduced after adding a high-er efficiency calcium chelating agent BAPTA-AM.Conclusion Calcium overload is likely to enhance the oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide and engender neurodegeneration mediated by NLRP3 inflammasome.

ObjectiveTo study the effect of microteaching on entrance education of internship in neonatal intensive care unit ( NICU ).Methods80 interns of clinical medicine speciality were divided into experimental group and control group.Microteaching was used in the entrance education of experimental group,and traditional teaching method was used in that of control group.To compare the teaching effects by analyzing the results of immediate evaluation,evaluation of clinical teacher and satisfaction survey in parents of hospitalized children.ResultsThe results of immediate evaluation,evaluation of clinical teacher and satisfaction survey in parents of hospitalized children were significantly increased in experimental group compared with control group.ConclusionMicroteaching could dramatically improve the teaching effects of entrance education of internship in NICU.

Animals ; Cadmium Compounds ; toxicity ; Cell Proliferation ; Cell Survival ; Cells, Cultured ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Fibroblasts ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Lactate Dehydrogenases ; metabolism ; Lung ; cytology ; Malondialdehyde ; metabolism ; Quantum Dots