Adult ; Air Pollutants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Military Medicine ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects

To study the chemical constituents of Asarum himalaicum, fifteen compounds were isolated from a 70% ethanol extract by using a combination of various chromatographic techniques including column chromatography over silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, and semi-preparative HPLC. By spectroscopic techniques including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HR-ESI-MS, these compounds were identified as 4-demethoxyaristolochic acid BII (1), aristolochic acid I (2), aristolochic acid Ia (3), 7-hydroxyaristolochic acid I (4), aristolochic acid IV (5), aristolic acid II (6), debilic acid (7), aristololactam I (8), 9-hydroxyaristololactam I (9), 7-methoxyaristololactam IV (10), (2S)-narigenin-5, 7-di-O-beta-D-pyranosylglucoside (11), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (12), 3, 4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (13), 4-hydroxycinnamic acid (14), and beta-sitosterol (15). All of these compounds (1-15) were obtained from A. himalaicum for the first time. Among them, 1 was identified as a new compound, and compounds 3-6, 9, 12-14 were isolated from Asarum genus for the first time. Since the kidney toxicity of aristolochic acids and aristololactams has been reported, the result of this investigation suggests that it should be cautioned to use A. himalaicum as a medicine.
Aristolochic Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Asarum ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coumaric Acids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Hydroxybenzoates ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Parabens ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Propionates ; Sitosterols ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization

To explore the mechanisms of suppression growth and induction apoptosis of curcumin on human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226, the suppressive effect of curcumin on RPMI8226 was examined by MTT assay; the induction apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of curcumin on RPMI8226 were determined by flow cytometry (FCM); the changes of survivin, Bcl-2, Bax mRNA levels were detected by RT-PCR. The results showed that curcumin obviously suppressed the proliferation of RPMI8226 in both time- and dose-dependent manners, and the IC(50) were 12.15 micromol/L, 4.9 micromol/L for 24 and 48 hours respectively. FCM indicated that the apoptosis ratio rose from 10.6% of untreated cells up to 36.9% of treated cells (p < 0.05), and curcumin arrested cell cycle of RPMI8226 at G(2)/M phase. RT-PCR showed that RPMI8226 cells expressed survivin, Bcl-2 strongly and Bax slightly; while RPMI8226 cells were treated with curcumin 10 micromol/L for 24 hours, the expressions of survivin, Bcl-2 mRNA were apparently down-regulated, and the expression of Bax mRNA was markedly up-regulated. It is concluded that curcumin can suppress the proliferation of human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226, and induce their apoptosis. The mechanism of antitumous effect of curcumin may be related to down-regulation of survivin, Bcl-2 mRNA and up-regulation of Bax mRNA.
Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; Microtubule-Associated Proteins ; metabolism ; Multiple Myeloma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; metabolism

Objective To report initial experience and the indications of retroperitoneal laparoscop- ic partial nephrectomy.Methods From December 2001 to October 2005,23 patients (including 14 cases of renal cell carcinoma,5 of hamartoma and 4 of duplex kidney) underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic par- tial nephrectomy.One of the patients had solitary kidney.Results All the operations were successful ex- cept for only 1 requiring conversion to laparoscopic nephrectomy because of bleeding resulting from blocking anterior branch of renal artery.The mean operative time was 121 min (60-240 min),and mean ischemic time was 32 min (20-55 min).The estimated bleeding volume ranged from 100 ml to 300 ml,and no pa- tient needed blood transfusion.Pathology showed negative surgical margins in 14 cases of renal cell carcinoma and confirmed the diagnosis of hamartoma in 5 cases.One patient with duplex kidney required open partial nephrectomy because of renal cystic mass resulting from incomplete resection.Conclusions Retroperito- neal laparoscopic partial nephrectomy offers a new effective and minimally invasive treatment for selected pa- tients with renal mass.The long-term effects of the procedure need further investigation.

BACKGROUNDAn important milestone in the area of urinary diversion was the advent of a series of orthotopic bladder substitution (OBS). However, reconstruction of OBS by the traditional hand suture method (THSM) is a time-consuming process. Stapling techniques are considered to be inferior to hand-sewn methods. We report our experience and functional results in patients with W-ileal neobladder by a hand-assisted-drawing-needle running suture (HADNRS).

METHODSBetween April 1993 and December 2011, 347 patients (338 men and 9 women) aged 28 - 77 years (median age: 59 years) underwent radical cystectomy, followed by the creation of a modified W-ileal neobladder by HADNRS with a curved needle. A total of 347 (20 patients in 2003) were evaluated by urodynamic tests.

RESULTSThe operative time ranged from 110 to 310 minutes (mean 148 minutes), and the mean time of reconstruction by HADNRS, excluding ureterointestinal and ileouretral anastomosis, was (20.2 ± 4.3) minutes. Histopathological analysis of removed specimens showed that 317 patients had transitional cell bladder carcinoma. Of these 317 patients, 19 also had squamous carcinoma and 13 had adenocarcinoma. Glandularis and prostate cancer occurred in 16 and 14 patients, respectively. Three patients (0.8%) had neobladder abdominal fistula. No other early complications or injury to the surgeon's hands occurred due to HADNRS. Of the 20 cases with urodynamic examinations in 2003, two suffered from daytime incontinence and six had nocturnal incontinence. The maximum capacity of the neobladder was (492.9 ± 177.8) ml, and the maximum pressure within the reservoir at the end of filling was (32.1 ± 8.6) cmH2O.

CONCLUSIONReconstruction of W-ileal neobladder by HADNRS is effective and economical.

Adult ; Aged ; Cystectomy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Treatment Outcome ; Urinary Diversion ; methods ; Urinary Reservoirs, Continent

Objective:To analyze the clinical outcome of vitro fertilization/intracytoplasmic sperm injection-embryo transfer (IVF/ICSI-ET) in infertile patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) combined with insulin resistance (IR) .Methods:A total of 257 PCOS infertile patients undergoing IVF/ICSI-ET from Jan. 2018 to Dec. 2020 were included and retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into IR group (HOMA-IR≥2.5, 130 cases) and non-IR group (HOMA-IR<2.5, 127 cases) according to the level (median 2.5) of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) . The levels of basic sex hormones [follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) , luteinizing hormone (LH) , estradiol (E2) , testosterone (T) , progestational hormone (P) , anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) ] and numbers of basic sinus follicles, levels of blood glucose and insulin at 30min, 60min and 120min after glucose administration and fasting and proconceptive pregnancy outcome indicators[gonadotropin (Gn) use time and dose, number of eggs obtained, fertilization rate, high-quality embryonic rate, occurrence rate of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) , implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate, biochemical pregnancy rate, abortion rate, live birth rate and pregnancy complications] were compared between the two groups. The influencing factors of clinical outcomes were analyzed by Logistic regression.Results:The levels of basic LH [ (8.86±1.60) mIU/ml vs (6.54±1.12) mIU/ml], T[ (63.20±7.47) ng/dl vs (52.11±5.69) ng/dl] in IR group was significantly higher than those in non-IR group ( P<0.05) . At different time-point, the levels of blood glucose and insulin in IR group were significantly higher than those in non-IR group ( P<0.05) . The Gn dose [ (1947.35±129.13) IU vs (1522.70±88.41) IU] and abortion rate [32.69% (17/52) vs 13.70% (10/73) ] in IR group was significantly higher than those in non-IR group ( P<0.05) , and the clinical pregnancy rate [40.00% (52/130) vs 57.48% (73/127) ] and live birth rate [51.92% (27/52) vs 72.60% (53/73) ] was significantly lower than those in non-IR group ( P<0.05) . Logistic regression analysis showed that age, BMI, basic LH, basic T and HOMA-IR was independent risk factors for clinical outcome of IVF/ICSI-ET in infertility patients with PCOS ( P<0.05) , and basic AMH and Gn dose were protective factors for clinical outcome ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:IR negatively affects the clinical outcome of IVF/ICSI-ET in infertile patients with PCOS, HOMA-IR is a risk factor for clinical outcomes, and IR should be evaluated in time for infertile patients with PCOS.

To establish the fingerprints of Xiasangju granules (with sugar and non-sugar forms) by HPLC, and provide reference for their identification and effective quality control. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was used to collect the fingerprints of 20 batches of non-sugar Xiasangju granules and 34 batches of sugar type Xiasangju granules. Their main different components were classified and screened by mode identification methods (principal component analysis, PCA, and orthogonal partial least squares discriminate analysis, OPLS-DA). The principal components were identified by comparing with reference standards. The fingerprints of Xiasangju granules (sugar type and non-sugar type) were established. PCA could not fully classify the two types of granules, while OPLS-DA could obviously classify these two different types of Xiasangju granules. Six components showed greatest difference between two types of granules, including salviaflaside, luteoloside and linarin. The developed mode identification method is helpful to control the overall quality of Xiasangju granules, and it provides an effective approach to quality evaluation.

Objective:To explore the diagnosis, surgical methods and therapeutic effect of primary duodenal malignant tumor.Methods:The clinical data of 116 patients with primary duodenal malignant tumor from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among 116 patients, adenocarcinoma was in 74 cases, interstitial tumor was in 25 cases, carcinoid was in 9 cases, the others was in 8 cases. Before operation, duodenoscopy was performed in 107 cases, and CT examination was performed in 76 cases. There were 57 cases of pancreaticoduodenectomy, 15 cases of duodenal segmental resection, 13 cases of subtotal gastrectomy and duodenal bulbar resection, 13 cases of duodenal partial resection, and 18 cases of palliative short circuit operation. The total incidence of postoperative complication was 31.9% (37/116), including pancreatic fistula in 8 cases (grade B 5 cases, grade C 3 cases), biliary fistula in 6 cases, abdominal infection in 5 cases, pulmonary infection in 4 cases, intestinal fistula in 3 cases, delayed gastric emptying in 3 cases, and hemorrhage in 8 cases. Four cases (3.4%) died during the perioperative period. Single factor Cox regression analysis result showed that the postoperative survival time was related to the tumor differentiation degree, operation method, tumor infiltration degree and lymphatic metastasis ( P<0.05 or <0.01); multi-factor Cox regression analysis results showed that the operation method, tumor infiltration degree and lymphatic metastasis were the independent risk factors for the postoperative survival time of patients with primary duodenal malignant tumor ( P<0.05). The patients were followed up until June 2021, and 9 cases were lost to follow-up. Kaplan-Meier survival curve analysis result showed that the postoperative overall 1-,3- and 5-year survival rates were 82.11%, 57.56% and 33.11%, respectively. Conclusions:Adenocarcinoma is the main primary malignant tumor of duodenum. Duodenoscopy and CT are the main examination methods. Radical resection is the most effective treatment for primary duodenal malignant tumor, and pancreaticoduodenectomy is the first choice. Surgical method, tumor infiltration degree and lymphatic metastasis are the independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients.

The quality difference of pharmaceutical excipients from different sources affects the molding properties of the powder, resulting in changes in the properties of the final product. In this study, the critical quality attributes of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) with different specifications from two manufacturers (manufacturer A and manufacturer B) were characterized including particle size, physical morphology, viscosity and powder physical quality attributes. Aminophylline, diclofenac sodium, and metformin hydrochloride were utilized as model drugs with different solubility to prepare sustained-release tablets, and the effect of HPMC from different sources on drug release of sustained-release tablets in vitro was investigated. The results showed that HPMC with the same viscosity specification from different sources had outstanding differences in the physicochemical properties (including particle size, physical morphology, viscosity, dimension, compressibility and powder flow), which could change the hardness and friability of the sustained-release tablets. The differences in the physicochemical properties of HPMC had different effects on the dissolution of different sustained-release tablets in vitro. It had no significant effect on the release of easily soluble aminophylline and metformin hydrochloride, but had a greater impact on the release of poorly soluble diclofenac sodium. Compared with manufacturer A, the sustained-release effect of matrix tablets prepared by HPMC from manufacturer B was more excellent. The results of this study will provide a theoretical reference on selecting the appropriate excipients for formulation design.

Objective: To understand the infection status of Enterovirus (EV) in cases of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in Luohe City, Henan Province from 2017 to 2021, and analyze the prevalence and type composition of EV in ARIs. Methods: From October 2017 to May 2021, pharyngeal swab samples were collected from 1 828 patients with ARIs in Luohe Central Hospital and the clinical epidemiological data of these cases were also collected. EV-positive samples were identified by Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The 5'-untranslated region (5'UTR) was amplified by Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). The results of 5'UTR region were initially typed by Enterovirus Genotyping Tool Version 1.0. Based on the typing results, the full-length of VP1 region was amplified by RT-PCR. The EV typing was identified again by VP1 region. Results: Among 1 828 cases of ARIs, 56.7% (1 036) were males. The median (Q₁, Q₃) age was about 3 (1, 5) years. Patients under 5 years old accounted for 71.6% (1 309 cases). Among all cases, a total of 71 EV-positive samples were identified by qPCR, with a detection rate of 3.88% (71/1 828). The EV detection rates for men and women were 3.28% (34/1 036) and 4.67% (37/792), without statistically significant differences (χ²=2.32, P=0.14). The EV detection rates for 2 to <6 years, 6 months to <2 years, 6 to <10 years, and <6 months were 6.29% (48/763), 3.00% (18/600), 2.52% (4/159), and 1.67% (1/60) (χ²=27.91, P<0.001). The EV detection rate was 0.92% (3/326) in autumn and winter of 2017. The EV detection rates were 1.18% (6/508), 2.47% (12/485) and 8.31% (34/409) in each year from 2018 to 2020, with an increasing trend year by year(χ²_trend=29.76, P<0.001). The main prevalent seasons were summer and autumn. The detection rate in spring of 2021 was 4.00% (4/100). A total of 12 types were identified and classified as CVA2, CVA4, CVA5, CVA6, CVA10, CVB3, CVB5, E5, E11, E30, PV-1, and EV-D68. The types of CVA2, CVA10, CVA6, and CVB3 were the dominant phenotypes. In 59 sample of EV typing, the main clinical manifestation was upper respiratory tract infection (36/59, 61.01%). The dominant types detected in upper respiratory tract infections were CVA10 (10/36, 27.78%), CVA6 (9/36, 25.00%) and CVB3 (8/36, 22.22%). The dominant type detected in lower respiratory tract infections was CVA2 (7/19, 36.84%). Conclusion: In Luohe City, Henan Province from 2017 to 2021, EV infection in ARIs cases has clear seasonal and age-specific patterns, and the dominant types of upper and lower respiratory tract infections are different.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Enterovirus/genetics* ; 5' Untranslated Regions ; Enterovirus Infections/epidemiology* ; Phenotype ; Antigens, Viral/genetics* ; Respiratory Tract Infections/epidemiology* ; Phylogeny