Objective To investigate the effect of sufentanil preconditioning on the expression of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in myocardium during myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 250-300 g,were randomly divided into 3 groups (n =12 each):sham operation group (group S),I/R group and sufentanil preconditioning group (group SPC).Myocardial ischemia was induced by occlusion of anterior descending branch of left coronary artery for 30 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion.In group SPC,the rats were subjected to 3 consecutive cycles of 5 min sufentanil infusion at 0.2 μg· kg-1 ·min-1 via the femoral vein at 5 min interval before ischemia.In groups S and I/R,the rats were subjected to the equal volume of normal saline instead.HR and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded at 30 min before ischemia (T0),immediately before ischemia (T1),at 30 min of ischemia (T2),and at 30 and 120 min of reperfusion (T3-4).At the end of reperfusion,blood samples were obtained to determine the serum concentration of TNF-α.The rats were then sacrificed and hearts were removed for measurement of myocardial infarct size and expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 in myocardium (using Western blot).Results There was no significant difference in HR among the three groups (P ＞ 0.05).Compared with group S,MAP was significantly decreased at T2-4,the serum concentration of TNF-α was increased,and the expression of TLR4 and NF-kB p65 protein in myocardium was upregulated in groups I/R and SPC (P ＜ 0.01).Compared with group I/R,no significant difference was found in MAP at all time points (P ＞ 0.05),and myocardial infarct size was significantly decreased,serum concentrations of TNF-α were decreased,and the expression of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 protein in myocardium was down-regulated in group SPC (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The mechanism by which sufentanil preconditioning alleviates myocardial I/R injury may be related to down-regulation of TLR4 expression in rat myocardium.

Objective:To analyze the consistency of HER-2 expression among endoscopic biopsy and radical operation specimens of gastric adenocarcinoma and to investigate the clinical application value of HER-2 detection in trastuzumab treated patients. Methods:From March 2013 to February 2014, 167 patients from Shanghai Changhai Hospital were diagnosed with gastric adenocarcinoma using endoscopic biopsy specimens. The corresponding surgical specimens were collected for pathological analysis. The relevant clinical and pathological data were collected. HER-2 protein expression of endoscopic biopsy specimens was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). HER-2 protein expression and gene amplification status of the corresponding tumor resection specimens were detected by IHC and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Results were analyzed for clinicopathological characteristics. Results:Among the 167 cas-es, 18 cases (10.8%) were HER-2 positive, including 10 cases showing IHC3+and 8 cases showing IHC2+with FISH positive. The consis-tency rate result among endoscopic biopsy and surgical operation specimens was 82%. Excluding the cases showing IHC2+, the true positive rate and the true negative rate were 73.3%and 97.0%, respectively. Conclusion:HER-2 detection of endoscopic biopsy speci-men by IHC shows great predictive value. The main reason for the difference of surgery and biopsy specimens is the heterogeneity of tumor expression. Increasing the number of specimens and combined testing with FISH are important methods to reduce misjudge-ment.

The teaching model of Problem-Based Learning(PBL)is quite effective in developing the students’learning capacity, analytical and problem resolution skill and their ability to think independently and logically. The article summed up the instructional design, implementation of training and teaching effectiveness of PBL teaching model in medical microbiology.

ObjectiveTo investigate the injury mechanism,clinical characteristics and surgical treatments of Segond fracture combined with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury.MethodsNine patients suffering from Segond fracture combined with ACL injury were treated between January 2008 and December 2010.All the patients revealed ACL and medial collateral ligament (MCL) breakage under arthroscopy.Furthermore,one patient was associated with lateral collateral ligament (LCL) breakage and medial meniscus injury,four with medial meniscus tear and two with lateral meniscus tear.All the patients underwent arthroscopic tendon allotransplantation,ACL reconstruction and MCL repair.Besides,synchronous LCL reconstruction was performed in one patient,meniscus suture in three and meniscus plasty in four.Six patients with large Segond fracture fragments were fixed with two hollow lag crews and three with relatively small fracture fragments fixed with one hollow lag crew.ResultsThe mean followup period was 12 months,which showed average postoperative Lysholm score of 59 points and satisfactory clinical outcome.ConclusionsSegond fracture is often combined with ACL injury and is predictive for ACL injury.In ACL reconstruction,large Segond fracture blocks should be reduced and fixed and the combined injuries also should be treated in the same period.

Usage of reverse genetic techniques in the research area of the fundamental etiology of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), has resolved the issue about the function of viral gene of FMDV on genomic integer level. At present, a further recognition and apprehension for the molecular etiology of FMDV based on the development in reverse genetics was made. Combined with the research work in our labs, we reviewed international advances about the molecular pathogenic mechanism, the relationship be-tween virulence and variation in the genomes, influencing factors for the viral replication, and the develop-ment of new-type gene vaccine of FMD in this article, and propose the potential research aspects in reverse genetics of FMDV in the future.

Adult ; Air Pollutants ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Military Medicine ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Noise, Occupational ; adverse effects

Bupleurum ; chemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Molecular Structure ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Saponins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification

OBJECTIVETo provide basis for making the quality standard of medicinal chrysanthemums [Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvel.].

METHODThe character of pharmacognosy.

RESULTThe characters of many of chrysanthemums as well as the differences between them have been clarified.

Chrysanthemum ; anatomy & histology ; classification ; Flowers ; anatomy & histology ; Pharmacognosy ; Plants, Medicinal ; anatomy & histology ; Quality Control ; Species Specificity

Purpose To compare the relationship between the maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) of PET/CT imaging and tumor markers in lung cancer, and to provide evidence for the comprehensive assessment of non small cell lung cancer. Materials and Methods The results of PET/CT imaging, serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cytokeratin-19 fragment antigen 21-1 (CYFRA21-1) and neuronspecific enolase (NSE) of 179 patients with non small cell lung cancer were analyzed, subjects were then divided into different groups according to their clinical features and pathological types, the differences of SUVmax and tumor markers'' level were compared between different groups, and their correlations with tumor histological type, differentiation and the clinical stages were also analyzed.Results SUVmax of the tumor was related with lesion size,≥3 cm tumors'' SUVmax were significantly higher than that of <3 cm tumors (P<0.01), SUVmax and serum NSE level were related with tumor differentiation, and these in low differentiation group were higher than those in high and medium differentiation group (P<0.05,P<0.01). In addition, SUVmax, CEA, CYFRA21-1 and NSE had no correlation with gender, age, pathological type and clinical stage (P>0.05).Conclusion SUVmax and NSE have a certain relationship with tumor differentiation in non small cell lung cancer patients, thus can be used as a reference index for prognosis of indirect prediction of lung cancer.

Objective To investigate expression level of endoplasmic reticulum stressmarker GRP78 in the testicular tissue in rats with different phases of morphine-dependence. To explore the role of ERS in morphine-de-pendence. Methods SD rats were divided into 6 groups: morphine (mor) -withdrawal group, mor-extinct group, mor-kindling group and their control groups, normal saline (NS)-withdrawal group, NS-extinct group, NS-kindling group. The experimental rats were injected with morphine subcutaneously on increasing dosage to establish the con-ditioned place preference (CPP) model. The rats in control groups were injected NS. Then the rats were suffered from withdrawal for 48 h, extinction and kindling by morphine, separately. The GRP78 expression level in testicular tissues of rats in the time point mentioned above were measured using Western Blot. Results The time of rats in the paired-box was (528.0 ± 81.0) s, which was significantly higher than that in the NS control group (P<0.001). It was (396.8 ± 116.9) s after extinctive phase, which was significantly higher than that the withdrawal phase of rats (P < 0.001). Also it was (396.8 ± 116.9) s after kindling with morphine which was significantly higher than that the extinctive phase of rats (P < 0.001). These changes of the time indicated that the animal models of extinction and kindling were established in the study. The GRP78 levels were down-regulated in 48 h after withdrawal (P <0.05), and increased a bit afterextinctive phase, but up-regulated highly after kindling with morphine (P < 0.01). Conclusion ERS may be related in the morphine dependence and it might play an important role of testicular dys-function in male drugabuser.