Objective To determine the toxicity, maximal dose and clinical practicality of VM26 (teniposide) plus radiotherapy for postoperative brain neurospongioma. Methods Twenty patients were alloted in phase Ⅰ trial. The total dose was 60 Gy for the field radiotherapy (30 fractions of 2 Gy over six weeks). Teniposide at three dose levels (50 mg/m2, 75 mg/m2 and 100 mg/m2) was given intravenously once a week, totally five weeks. Dose escalation was based on each level, with a minimum of five patients in cohort if severe toxicity was not observed until the maximum tolerance dose(MTD). Results The predominant form of toxicity was hematologic toxicity. Four patients developed grade 3, 4 leucopenia when a second level of MTD (75 mg/m2) was given. Conclusion Combined radiotherapy and teniposide for postoperative brain neurospongioma is well tolerated. The dose of 50 mg/m2 for phase Ⅱ clinical trial was recommended.

By introducing the stage management of ethics review for medical research protocols,this paper try to explain the submission requirement,the review procedures,the key points for focusing on,and analyze the issues found in ethical reviewing of research protocols,help to guide the procedures of ethical review,as well as improve the supervision of ethical review for research protocols.

Abstract:The present case report retrospectively analyzed 36 cases of injury to posterior pelvic dng who received treatment in the Department of Orthopedics,Yan'an Hospital between January 2004 and April 2007. According to the Denis classification,there were 20 cases of type I injury to posterior pelvic ring,12 of type Ⅰ,and 4 of Ⅲtype Ⅲ; according to Tile classification,there were 16 cases of B3,10 of C1,6 of C2,and 4 of C3. Pedicle screw fixation system was employed. Two curvy incisions were made on the bilateral posterior superior lilac spine and a hole was chiseled on each side to fit the pedicle screw. Then,a universal pedicle screw was driven between the inner and outer lilac plates until the screw were sunk. A rod was finally traversed through erector spinae to connect two pedicle screws. Thirty cases were available at follow-up with a mean of 11 months (range:6-11 months). None of 30 cases presented with nerve or vessel injury and breakage,loosening of screws,or redislocation of sacroiliac joints. According to functional rating scale,excellent results were found in 15 cases,good in 13,and fair in 2 cases. These findings suggest that treatment for injury to posterior pelvic ring with pedicle screw fixation system is simple and reliable with microtrauma and little bleeding; in addition,it affords good recovery and can be employed in primary hospital without monitoring of X-ray,so it will deserve popular practice.

Objective To evaluate the mental health of medical workers, and develop an EAP suitable for heahhcare sector. Methods A 1-year EAP was implemented in a hospital in Beijing, in which SF-36 and JSS scales were used to study the health-related quality of life and job satisfaction of these workers. Results Work pressure is found to be the main source of pressure for medical workers, accounting for 63.7%. Scores of the group receiving EAP service are found to be significantly higher (P<0.01) in all dimensions (excepting work nature and supervisor dimension) of both SF-36 and JSS. Conclusions Medical workers are exposed to high pressure of work, having strong need for EAP service as result. EAP is an effective means to maintain mental health and improve quality of life and job performance, if applied widely.

Given the rapid progress in recent years,hospital ethics review remains a weak link.This study started from the nature and role of the hospital ethics committee to probe into setbacks found in hospital ethics review practice.Viewpoints in the paper covered the access system,review system,training system,and the conflicts of interest between researchers and subjects,in an effort to further improve the quality of ethic review,and to better protect the rights and interests of subjects.

Objective To clarify the relationship between tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and leptin in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods The real-time quantitative PCR (q-PCR) and enzymelinked immunosorbent adsorption experiment(ELISA) were used to detect the expression and correlation of TNFα and leptin in blood cells and serum from the normal group, non-alcoholic simple fatty liver(NAFL) group, nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) group and cirrhosis group.Results At the level of mRNA, the transcription of TNF-α in cirrhosis group was 14.03 times, 12.07 times and 11.05 times of the normal group, NAFL group and NASH group,and the difference was significant(P＜0.05).Leptin transcription of cirrhosis group was 1.95 times,0.79 times and 1.45 times of normal group, NAFL group and of NASH group(P＞0.05).And in the cirrhosis group, the expression of TNF-α was 7.52 times higher than Leptin (P＜ 0.01).In expression level of protein,TNF-α and leptin in cirrhosis group was 1.98 times and 2.39 times higher than the normal group, 1.24 times and 1.30 times higher than the NAFL group, 1.27 times and 1.37 times higher than NASH, and the difference was significant(P＜0.05).Moreover the expression of TNF-α was significantly higher than that of Leptinin groups above(P＜0.01).Conclusion TNF-α and Leptin are less expression in lymphocytes, but more expression in serum.And TNF-α and Leptin affect the evolution of NAFLD, and present a positive correlation, which lead to the occurrence of NAFLD.Comparing the two methods, detection of serum is more sensitive and more suitable for clinical study than lymphocyte.

An introduction to the classified management of such trials and clinical application,documents submission for ethical review,operating procedures and review key points,as well as the problems found in the review.These efforts aim to provide guidance to the review of medical technique clinical trials,and to promote ethical supervision for new medical techniques.

Objective To analyze and summarize the clinical-pathological features,immunophenotype and prognosis of the lymphoepithelioma-like gastric carcinoma (LELGC).Methods The clinical,radiographic and histological data of four patients with LELGC were retrospectively analyzed.The expression of cytokeratin (CK),CD20,CD3,CD4,CD8,E-cadherin,β-catenin,bcl-2,p16,p53,p63,c-erbB-2,cyclin D1,Ki67 and DNA methyl-transferase 1 (DNMT1) in tumor was detected by Epstein-Barr virus-encoded small RNA (EBER) in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical methods.Results The size of four tumor was 1.8 cm× 1.6 cm,1.5 cm× 2.0 cm,2.5 cm× 2.0 cm and 4.0 cm× 2.5 cm.Under light microscope,tumor cells appeared like cords,small lumps or scattered single infiltration with vacuolized nucleus; clear nucleoli and obvious interstitial lymphocytic infiltration.The results of immunohistochemical examination indicated that in four tumors CK was positive in membrane of all the tumor cells,while EBER was positive in all cell nucleus.The number of lymphocytes with CD3 positive was over those with CD20 positive,which was mainly CD8 positive lymphocytes.The percentage of E cadherin and β-catenin positive in the cell membrane of four tumors was between 10 ％ and 90 ％,and two cases with β-catenin positive in cytoplasm.The expressions of DNMT1,cyclin D1 and bcl-2 were all positive,while p16 and c-erbB-2 were all negative.The expression of p63 was positive in only one case,and p53 was negative in one case.The percentage of Ki67 positive was 40％,15％,60％ and 40％,respectively.Conclusions LELGC is a rare neoplasm with better prognosis.The features of clinical pathology and immunohistology may help to make a correct diagnosis.

Objective To explore the survival mechanism of hippocampal ne urons after damage of hypoxia-ischemia and reperfusion of brain.Methods Seven days old SD rats(n=56) were randomly divided into hypoxia-ischemia br a in iniury(HIBD) group and sham group.The HIBD and reperfusion model was establis hed.The flowing of blood was de tected by multicolor Doppler.The p-CREB(phosphorylated c-AMP response element bi nding protein)and c-Jun were immunohistochemically evaluated in hippocampus.Thi onin staining was used to observe the apoptosis.Results The expression of p-CREB reache d the peak at 3,24 h postreperfusion in the right hippocampus of HIBD group,and then decreased to the normal level on the 7th day.In contral group the same reg ions showed basic immn-noreactivity.While c-Jun reached the peak at 6 h postreperfusion,then with a slightly decrease at 24 h;and at 48 h the other peak appeared,then with a gradual decline .On the 7th day the mumber of positive cells were still significanthy more than control group(P0.05).The sham animal showed very few apoptosis cells in the regio ns of hippocampus.Conclusions The persistent activation of CREB in the hippocampus regulates,the expression of c-Jun through the signal transductions and is involved in the course of neuron s′ survival and repair during the period of post hypoxia-ischemia reperfusion.I t is very important for the protection of the pyramidal hippocampal neurons on t he damaged side,especially for the sensitive region CA1. J Appl Clin Pediatr,2005,20(2):133-135

The aim of the study is to establish a platform to deliver therapeutic proteins into target cells through a polyarginine-based cell penetrating peptide. To facilitate the expression of therapeutic proteins, a pSUMO (Small Ubiquitin-like Modifier)-R9-EGFP (enhanced green fluorescence protein) prokaryotic expression vector was constructed. After induction, the fusion protein SUMO-R9-EGFP was efficiently expressed. To validate the cell penetrating ability of the fusion protein, HepG2 cells were incubated with the purified R9-EGFP or EGFP protein as control, internalization of the fluorescent proteins was examined by either flow cytometry or confocal microscopy. The result obtained by flow cytometry showed that the R9-EGFP fusion protein could efficiently penetrate into the HepG2 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. In contrast, the fluorescence was barely detected in the HepG2 cells incubated with EGFP control. The fluorescence intensity of the R9-EGFP treated cells reached plateau phase after 1.5 h. The result obtained by confocal microscopy shows that R9-EGFP efficiently entered into the HepG2 cells and was exclusively located in the cytoplasm, whereas, no fluorescence was detected in the cells incubated with the EGFP control. The heparin inhibition experiment showed that heparin could inhibit penetrating effect of the R9-EGFP protein by about 50%, suggesting that the penetrating ability of the fusion protein is heparin-dependent. In summary, the study has established a platform to deliver therapeutic proteins into target cells through a polyarginine-based penetrating peptide.
Cell-Penetrating Peptides ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology ; Genetic Vectors ; genetics ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Peptides ; genetics ; metabolism ; Protein Transport ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; pharmacology