Child ; Humans ; Lung Diseases ; diagnosis ; etiology ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Aim To test the skin healing and repairing efficacy and the mechanism of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L bud extract by using the animal models. Methods KM mice were randomly divided into three groups:the model group, the positive control group, and the n-bu-tyl alcohol extract ( HrBN) group. Using the boils and carbuncles model, the healing condition of all the animals were observed. KM mice were kept in the SPF condition room and divided into five groups: the model group, the positive control group, and the low, middle, high dose groups. Using the full-thickness loss model, the repairing results of all the mice were ob-served. Through the antimicrobial test, the results of MIC and inhibition zone were obtained. The carbon clearance test was used to collect the blood at the time 5min and 15min, and get the liver and spleen, and the results of K andαwere obtained. Results In vivo ex-periments showed there was significant difference be-tween groups;the HrBN extract had the outstanding ef-ficacy in healing and repairing skin boils and full-thickness loss models. It had higher recovery rate than other ethanol extract, such as ethyl acetate extract and chloroform extract. In vitro experiments showed that the HrBN extract, ethyl acetate extract ( HrBE) ,AB-8 macroporous resin 30% alcohol part and 60% alcohol part had obvious antimicrobial efficacy. The carbon clearance test showed HrBN had a good effect in im-proving immune function, and it can increase the K and α. Conclusion HrBN in animal models exerts good skin healing and repairing efficacy, which might be related to its antibacterial activity and immunologic enhancement function.

Objective To explore the association between the infection of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV),herpes simplex virus typeⅠ(HSV-Ⅰ),HSV-Ⅱ,toxoplasma(TOX) and serum hepatitis B virus(HBV)these 5 pathogens and low body weight and pneumonia,and explore the clinical value of nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) examining newborns infected with pathogens.Methods Forty-six newborn infants with low weight and 66 newborn infants with pneumonia were selected.And 1 mL pripheral blood of every newborn infant was drawn.Classic phenol-chloroform-isoamyl alcohol-protease digested,after neonatal serum extraction of DNA in peripheral blood through 2 pairs of pri-mers,the outer primer amplified larger DNA fragments and the inner primer amplified small fragments,in the amplified products.HCMV,HSV-Ⅰ,HSV-Ⅱ,TOX and HBV of the viral DNA in highly conservative district to design primer respectively and amplify its viral DNA,nested PCR was used to detect of these pathogens DNA in infants of low body weight and pneumonia,and to detect positive rate of infection.Screening for birth defects in infants in these virus infection.SPSS 10.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between infection of 5 pathogens.Results The infective rate of HCMV in 46 infants with low body quality was 91.3%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅰwas 8.7%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅱwas 15.2%,the infective rate of TOX was 8.7%,and the infective rate of HBV was 15.2%.Among 66 infants with pneumonia,the infective rate of HCMV was 83.3%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅰwas 6.1%,the infective rate of HSV-Ⅱwas 16.7%,the infective rate of TOX was 6.1%,and the infective rate of HBV was 7.6%.The infective rate of HCMV was higher than that of other 4 pathogens,these infection rates were different statistically in these 5 kinds of pathogens(Pa=0).Conclusions Five kinds of pathogens both low pathosens screening is necessary newborns infants with low body weight and pneumonia,and for the early diagnosis and prevention of these pathogens.

AIMTo study the effects of indomethacin on interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rheumatoid arthritic patients' synoviocyte.

METHODSFibroblast-like cells (FLS) from rheumatoid arthritic patients' joint tissue were cultured for 24 h and incubated 24 h with LPS (1 mg.L-1) or the supernatant of U937 cells stimulated by LPS (1 mg.L-1). After indomethacin or dexamethasone added into the supernatant of U937 cells, FLS was incubated with the super natant for 24 h. The expression of IL-6 protein was detected by radioimmunoassay. The mRNA expression of IL-6 was accessed by RT-PCR.

RESULTSLPS did not obviously affect the growth of FLS, and the protein secretion and mRNA expression of IL-6 were not changed in FLS treated with LPS. The IL-6 secretion and IL-6 mRNA expression were significantly increased in FLS cultured with the supernatant from U937 cell treated with LPS. Indomethacin at concentrations of 1 x 10(-7)-1 x 10(-5) mol.L-1 obviously inhibited the protein secretion and mRNA expression of IL-6 in FLS cultured with the supernatant from U937 cell stimulated with LPS, and the inhibitory effects increased as the concentrations of indomethacin increased.

CONCLUSIONIndomethacin can inhibit the increase of IL-6 expression caused by supernatant of U937 cells stimulated with LPS in FLS.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; pharmacology ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Indomethacin ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-6 ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Lipopolysaccharides ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Synovial Membrane ; metabolism ; pathology ; U937 Cells

The mechanisms of increased expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) during the formation of foam cells were explored. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) was prepared by density gradient ultracentrifugation and oxidized by incubation with CuCl2. The human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1) was cultured in RPMI1640. The differentiation of THP-1 cells into macrophages (MPs) was induced by using myristate acetate (PMA) for 48 h. The macrophages were then incubated with oxidized LDL (ox-LDL) to generate foam cells (FCs). The mRNA and protein expression levels of human TLR-4 were detected by immunocytochemistry, Western blotting and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The results showed that the TLR-4 mRNA and the protein expression levels were significantly increased during the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages (P＜0.05) as well as during the formation of lipid-laden foam cells (P＜0. 05). It was concluded that the upregulation of human TLR-4 gene expression during the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and the differentiation of macrophages into foam cells could increase TLR-4 protein synthesis dramatically, which may enhance the ability of foam cells inflammation reaction in atherosclerosis.

Abstract?AIM: To assess the current situation of trachoma in Shaanxi Province and analyze its epidemiology and clinical features.?METHODS: The World Health Organization ( WHO ) simplified trachoma grading system was used for the recognition and registration of cases of trachoma. Trachoma rapid assessment ( TRA ) was conducted and 30.3687 million people from Shaanxi province were screened. Eyelids, eyelashes, conjunctiva and cornea were examined.The prevalence of trachoma trichiasis ( TT) in Shaanxi Province was estimated.?RESULTS: Totally 987 cases with TT were collected in Shaanxi province, in which 395 cases were male and 592 cases were female. The overall TT prevalence was 0.0325‰.The age of TT cases ranged from 25-86 years old, and concentrated in the 60-80 years old, only 58 cases were <50 years old.There were 12 cases of TT combined corneal opacity (CO) and the ratio was 1.2%. Sixty-four patients were cured by electrolysis trichiasis, the remaining 923 patients corrected by surgery interventions.?CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, trachoma blind is no longer estimated as a public health problem in Shaanxi province, as the detection rate of TT was less than 1‰ which is the goal of “elimination of trachoma” worldwide.

Animals ; Cyclooxygenase 2 ; metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Liver Failure ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression on cell growth and apoptosis in imatinib resistant chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) cells (K562/A02-IM), and explore the relationship between HO-1 gene and CML.

METHODSThe expression of HO-1 in 20 drug-resistant CML patients was detected by RT-PCR. Different concentrations of hemin were used to induce HO-1 expression of K562/A02-IM, HO-1 expression at different time was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Cell apoptosis was detected by Annexin V/PI staining, and MTT assay was used to detect viability of K562/A02-IM cells after induction or inhibition of HO-1 gene by hemin and zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP).

RESULTSRT-PCR showed that HO-1 was expressed in the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs). When treated with hemin at different concentrations (0, 10, 20, 40 µmol/L) for 16 h, the expression of HO-1 in K562/A02-IM was increased in a dose-dependent manner, and peaked at 20 µmol/L of hemin for 16 h. The apoptosis rates were (17.61 ± 0.01)%, (12.13 ± 0.11)%, (7.94 ± 0.03)% and (4.62 ± 0.15)% at 0,10, 20 and 40 µmol/L of hemin respectively for 16 h and were (14.7 ± 0.05)%, (8.1 ± 0.07)% and (16.3 ± 0.13)% at 20 µmol/L of hemin treatment for 8,16, and 24 h respectively. Hemin induced apoptosis of K562/A02-IM cells in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of HO-1 was induced in K562/A02-IM cells in a dose-dependent manner, and the survival of K562/A02-IM cells was significantly increased as compared to that of control group. When HO-1 was inhibited by ZPP, the cells survival was sharply decreased compared to that of the control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONHO-1 was expressed in the BMMNCs. It is a kind of molecules whose expression can be induced and can promote the growth of drug-resistant cells. Inhibition of HO-1 expression probably be used for the treatment of drug-resistant CML.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Benzamides ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; drug effects ; genetics ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; K562 Cells ; Piperazines ; pharmacology ; Pyrimidines ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of ascorbic acid and citric acid on iron bioavailability using an in vitro digestion/Caco-2 cell culture model and evaluate the validity of this cell model.

METHODSThis model combined in vitro digestion technique with Fe uptake by Caco-2 cells by utilizing an inserted ring attached to a dialysis membrane to simulate the gastrointestinal environment to allow simultaneous food digestion and uptake processes. Ferritin formation in the Caco-2 cells was measured as the indicator of Fe uptake by exposing Caco-2 cells to the digests containing Fe plus ascorbic acid or citric acid.

RESULTSWhen Fe concentration in the digest was below 100 micromol/L, ferritin formation increased with the Fe concentration in the digest. The iron digest containing ascorbic acid exhibited a significant increase in ferritin formation relative to the iron digest containing citric acid. The model was more sensitive to lower iron concentrations when ascorbic acid was present in the digest, while wider range of iron concentration could be assessed by addition of citric acid.

CONCLUSIONSThe in vitro digestion/ Caco-2 cell culture model is a valuable tool for iron bioavailability assessment. Ascorbic acid has a stronger effect than citric acid in promoting iron bioavailability.

Ascorbic Acid ; pharmacology ; Biological Availability ; Caco-2 Cells ; metabolism ; Citric Acid ; pharmacology ; Ferritins ; biosynthesis ; Ferrous Compounds ; pharmacokinetics ; Humans ; Iron ; pharmacokinetics ; Models, Biological

BACKGROUNDAccurate knowledge of the spinal structural functions is critical to understand the biomechanical factors that affect spinal pathology. Many studies have investigated the human vertebral motion both in vitro and in vivo. However, determination of in vivo motion of the vertebrae under physiologic loading conditions remains a challenge in biomedical engineering because of the limitations of current technology and the complicated anatomy of the spine.

METHODSFor in vitro validation, a human lumbar specimen was imbedded with steel beads and moved to a known distance by an universal testing machine (UTM). The dual fluoroscopic system was used to capture the spine motion and reproduce the moving distance. For in vivo validation, a living subject moved the spine in various positions while bearing weight. The fluoroscopes were used to reproduce the in vivo spine positions 5 times. The standard deviations in translation and orientation of the five measurements were used to evaluate the repeatability of technique. The accuracy of vertebral outline matching with metallic marks matching technology was compared.

RESULTSThe translation positions of the human lumbar specimen could be determined with a mean accuracy less than 0.35 mm and a mean repeatability 0.36 mm for the image matching technique. The repeatability of the method in reproducing in vivo human spine six degrees of freedom (6DOF) kinematics was less than 0.43 mm in translation and less than 0.65° in rotation. The accuracy of metallic marks and vertebral outline matching did not show significant difference.

CONCLUSIONSCombining a dual fluoroscopic and computerized tomography imaging technique was accurate and reproduceable for noninvasive measurement of spine vertebral motion. The vertebral outline matching technique could be a useful technique for matching of vertebral positions and orientations which can evaluate and improve the efficacy of the various surgical treatments.

Biomechanical Phenomena ; Fluoroscopy ; methods ; Humans ; In Vitro Techniques ; Lumbar Vertebrae ; anatomy & histology ; physiology ; Middle Aged ; Spine ; anatomy & histology ; physiology