Objective To investigate the effect of isosorbide mononitrate on the levels of NO,iNOS,IL-1 and IL-6 in lung tissue of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).Methods Fourteen-week-old Wistar and SHR male rats were randomly divided into the W0,W1,S0 and S1 group,with 10 rats ineach group.Rats in the W0 and S0 group were fed with the normal saline and the ordinary food,rats in the W1 and S1 group were fed with isosorbide mononitrate and the ordinary food.Twelve weeks later,levels of NO,iNOS,IL-1 and IL6 in rat lung tissue were detected.Results Compared with the W0 group,levels of NO,iNOS,IL-1 and IL6 were significantly increased in the W1 groups (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).Compared with the SO group,levels of NO,iNOS,IL-1 and IL6 were significantly increased in the S1 group (P ＜ 0.05,respectively).In the W1 and S1 group,levels of iNOS and NO were positively correlated with IL-1 and IL-6.Conclusion 1.Isosorbide mononitrate may lead to increases of NO,iNOS,IL-1 and IL6 in lung tissue of Wistar rats,which indicates the presence of chronic inflammation.2.Longterm feeding of isosorbide mononitrate may lead to increases of inflammatory factors in SHR rats,contributing to the inflammatory state in rats.

Objective To explore the effects of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) on neuron specific-enolase (NSE),neurotrophic protein S100B and neurons apoptosis in hippocampus CA1 region in the early stage of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in rabbits. Methods Twenty-five Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:sham group (S group),cardiac arrest group (CA group) and H2S treatment group (H2S group). Rabbits were anaesthetized with 5％ halothane,trachea was exposed and intuhated,right femoral vein was cannulated for medical agent administration,and right carotid artery was cannulated for monitoring of blood pressure and blood samples taken. Cardiac arrest was produced by suffocation with clamping the endotracheal tube and turning off mechanical ventilation.Mter 8 min of the endotracheal tube clamping, rabbits received CPR. After the restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC),rabbits in groups CA and H2S inhaled 30％ O2 or 30％ O2 containing 80 × 10-6 H2S,respectively.Blood samples were taken before,and 30 min and 60 min after ROSC for detection of the concentrations of NSE and S100B in the plasma. As 60 min after ROSC,rabbits were decapitated after perfusion with 500 ml phosphate-buffered saline and followed by 4％ paraformaldehyde 500 ml through aortic artery,and then the hippocampus was removed rapidly and fixed in 4％ paraformaldehyde for the histological examination.All values were expressed in mean ± standard deviation ((x) ± s).Comparisons were carried out among different groups with SNK-q test of one-way analysis of variance ( One-Way ANOVA plus SNK).Results In comparison with group S,the concentrations of NSE and S100B were significantly increased 30 min and 60 min after ROSC (P ＜ O.05),the viable neurons were decreased and cleaved caspase-3 positive neurons in hippocampus CA1 region increased 60 min after ROSC in groups CA and H2S (P ＜0.05).In comparison with group CA,the concentration of S1OOB decreased 60 min after ROSC (P ＜ 0.05) ; the viable neurons were increased while cleaved caspase-3 positive neurons in hippocampus CA1 region decreased 60 min after ROSC in group H2S ( P ＜ 0.05 ). Conclusions H2S can inhibit the neurons apoptosis in hippocampus CA1 region,increase the viable neurons,decrease the concentration of S100B in the plasma,and then attenuate the cerebral injury after cardiopulmonary resuscitation in rabbits.

Objective To explore the effect of different temperature of the forced- air warming system on the prevention of hypothermia during laparotomy of infants. Methods A total of 60 infants undergoing laparotomy under general anesthesia were recruited and divided into three groups by random digits table method with 20 cases each according to admitting time; when used the force- air warming system intraoperatively, the three groups were respectively setting on 45℃(automatic adjustment for 43 ℃ after 45 minutes), 43 ℃ and 38 ℃.The core temperature were respectively recorded before anesthesia and 15, 30, 45, 60 minutes after anesthesia (every 30 minutes after 1 hour).The hypothermia incidence and anesthesia recovery conditions were recorded simultaneously. Results There was no significant difference on the core temperature among three groups before anesthesia (P > 0.05). 30 minutes after the anesthetic, the core temperature of 45 ℃ group was (36.31±0.20) ℃,43 ℃ group was (36.32±0.24) ℃ and 38 ℃ group was (36.08±0.21) ℃.The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=8.12, P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between 45 ℃ group and 43 ℃ group (P > 0.05). 60 minutes after the anesthetic, the core temperature of 45 ℃ group was (36.39±0.26) ℃,43 ℃ group was (36.19±0.22) ℃ and 38 ℃ group was (35.92±0.15) ℃. The differences among three groups was statistically significant(F=25.19, P<0.01).The hypothermia incidence of 45℃group, 43℃ group,38℃ group was 10.0%(2/20), 25.0%(5/20), 50.0%(10/20)respectively and the differences among three groups was statistically significant( χ2=8.04, P<0.05). The time to complete consciousness of 45 ℃ group was (15.40±5.09) minutes,43 ℃ group was (19.80±4.10) minutes and 38 ℃ group was (22.00±4.36) minutes. The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=10.96, P<0.01). The time to tracheal extubation of 45 ℃ group was (18.10±5.97) minutes, 43 ℃ group was (21.85±4.02) minutes and 38 ℃ group was (24.90±5.54) minutes.The differences among three groups was statistically significant (F=9.83, P<0.01). Conclusions The forced-air warming system can increase the infants′peripheral tissue heat content and reduce the heat losing.So that it will help decrease the intraoperative hypothermia incidence and shorten the anesthesia recovery period.Meanwhile the higher temperature of the forced-air warming system is setted ,the better effect it is.

Objective To explore the effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on behaviors and hippocampus neuronal apoptosis in rats with chronic stress-induced depression.Methods 40 male SD rats of SPF grade were randomly divided into normol control group (n =8) and model preparation group (n =30) after screening.Rats in model preparation group were singly housed and given chronic unpredictable mild stress(CUMS) to build depression model.Excluding unsuccessful modeling rats,the model preparation group was divided into three groups:model group(n=8,without any treatment),rTMS group (n=8,with the intervention of 10 Hz rTMS) and shame group (n=8,simulation of rTMS environment without rTMS stimulus).The changes of behaviors in each group were detected by weight measurement,sucrose consumption test and open-field test.The changes of morphology of hippocampal neurons were detected by Nissl's staining.The changes of Bax in hippocampal neuron were detected by Immunohistochemical staining.Results (1) Behavioral results showed stress for 21 d could make rat behavior scores decrease significantly(all P＜0.05),and rTMS intervention could significantly improve their behavior scores (all P＜0.01).Compared with model group,the weight reduction rate (0.32±0.05)％,the score of sucrose consumption test(7.03 ± 1.02) and the score of open field test(8212.41 ± 1416.15,8.75 ± 1.58) in rTMS group was higher(P ＜0.01).(2) Nissl staining showed stress for 21 d could make the number of hippocampal CA3 neurons was reduced,cell morphology was poor,and the number of Nissl bodies was reduced.rTMS intervention could increase the number of hippocampal CA3 neurons,cell morphology was integral and the number of Nissl bodies was increased.(3) Immunohistochemistry results showed stress for 21 d could cause the number of Bax cell were significantly increased(P＜0.01),and rTMS intervention can make the number of Bax cell were significantly lower(P＜0.01).Conclusion rTMS intervention improves the depressive behavior in chronic stress depression model rats and inhibits the apoptosis,which might work through inhibition of neuron apoptosis and decline of Bax expression in hippoeampal neurons.

Objective To knockout Rag2 and IL2rg genes and construct severe combined immunodeficiency mice based on CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Method Design and synthesis of 25 bp sgRNA were made according to the Rag2 and IL2rg sequences in Genbank. After annealing, sgRNA was cloned into pX330 vector. Recombination plasmid Rag2?sgRNA, IL2rg?sgRN and Cas9 were then transcribed into RNA, these RNA were microinjected into zygotes and the zygotes were transplanted into recipient ICR mice. F0 founders were born and mutated F0 founders mated with wild type mice to obtain F1 generation heterozygous mice. Mutated F1 mice were crossed and got F2 generation homozygous mice. Genotype and phenotype of the knockout mice were identified by sequencing, flow cytometry and xenograft model. Results Rag2?sgRNA and IL2rg?sgRNA recombination plasmids were constructed and transcribed into RNA. After microinjection and mat? ing, F0 founders were born and F2 homozygous mice were obtained. The results of sequencing showed that there were two types of genotype in IL2rg gene, 10 bp or 11 bp deletion;however, there was only one genotype in Rag2 gene, which was 8 bp deletion. Compared with wild?type BALB/c mice, the number of CD3 +, B220 + and NKp46 + cells in peripheral blood of the knockout mice was reduced significantly. After inoculation of human breast cancer cell line SKBR?2HL cells, tumor size in the xenograft mouse model was increased gradually along with time extension. Conclusion CRISPR/Cas9 is an efficient way to mutate Rag2 and IL2rg gene in mice in vivo, leading to aberrant T cells, B cells and NK cells.

Objective To observe the effect of DPC4 gene transfection on the chemotherapy sensitivity of pancreatic carcinoma cells. Methods The human DPC4 complementary DNA was subcloned to the retroviral vector pLXSN to obtain recombinant pLXSN/DPC4 with direct inserting potential. The daughter cell BxPC-3/DPC4 which had DPC4 stable expression was acquired after the pancreatic carcinoma BxPC-3 cells had been transfected with pLXSN/DPC4. The sensitivity of the carcinoma cells for 5-Fu and gemcitabine was observed. Meanwhile, the mRNA level of Mdr-1 and Chk1was detected by semi-quantity PCR assay. Results The 50% inhibiting concentrations (IC50)of 5-Fuand gemcitabin4e for BxPC-3 (culturing for 72 h) were rather lower than those of BxPC-3/pLXSN and BxPC-3/-cells. Moreover, the semi-quantity PCR assay revealed that the mRNA level of Mdr-1 and Chk1 was down-regulated. These findings indicated that pLXSN/DPC4 vector, 5-Fu and gemcitabine could inhibit the growth of pancreatic cancer cells. The combined therapy with pLXSN/DPC4 vector and chemotherapeutic drugs could further inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Conclusion The DPC4 gene transfection could enhance the sensitivity of pancreatic cells to chemotherapy, which may be realized through the down-regulation of Mdr-1 and Chk1 gene expression.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect on the treatment of avascular necrosis of femoral head by core decompression with autograft of mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs).Methods Nineteen patients with avascular necrosis of femoral head,including 8 cases of phase I,6 cases of phase II and 5 cases of phase III based on ARCO classification,were treated with core decompression with autograft of MSCs.Results The patients were followed up for one year.The average ratio of necrosis zone diminished from 31.88% to 13.18%.The Harris hip score was increased significantly.Conclusion The treatment of core decompression with autograft of MSCs is safe and effective,and it deserves to application in early necrosis of femoral head.

Objective To observe the inhibitory effect of DPC4 gene on growth of pancreatic carcinoma in vitro. Methods The human DPC4 cDNA was subcloned to the retroviral vector pLXSN and then packaged with GP+E86 and PA317 packaging cells respectively. AntiG418 clones were acquired and named as PA317/ pLXSN DPC4+ cells. The DPC4 gene was restored to the human pancreatic cancer cell line BxPC-3 by the infection of the pLXSN/DPC4 and then had a stable expression after antiG418 selection, which was demonstrated by RT-PCR and Western blot. The inhibitory action of DPC4 gene expression on growth of these daughter cells was observed.Results DPC4/Smad4 gene integration in GP+E86、PA317/ pLXSN DPC4+ cells was detected by polymerase chain reaction. The BxPC-3 cells, which were null for DPC4, had stable expression of DPC4 after the infection of the pLXSN/DPC4. The expression of DPC4 gene was able to inhibit the growth of these cancer cells in vitro and downregulate the VEGF mRNA level.Conclusions This study suggested that there can be marked inhibition of growth and angiogenetic ability of pancreatic cancer cells after infection by retrovirus vector containing DPC4.

Two γ-glutamyl-cysteine peptides (γ-GCPs ) , ( SC2 RC7 )-γ-L-glutamyl-S-allyl-L-cysteine ( 1 ) and ( SC2 RC7 )-γ-L-glutamyl-S-propyl-L-cysteine ( 2 ) have been isolated from fresh garlic scales using ion-exchange chromatography and pre-HPLC. Their molecular structures were identified by HPLC-MS, CD, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, specific rotation and confirmed by the corresponding standard compounds. The influence of exogenously adding 1 and 2 on the bioavailability of iron and zinc from food legume was examined with soybean and mung bean, in the level of 0. 01 mmol/5 g of legume respectively. The enhancing effect of the two γ-GCPs of compound 1 and 2 on bioaccessibility of iron was generally evidenced in the case of soybean ( from 1 . 88% to 6 . 73% and 4 . 42%) and mung bean ( from 2 . 52% to 12 . 04% and 9 . 38%) . The two γ-GCPs similarly enhanced the bioaccessibility of zinc from the food legume, in soybean ranging from 13. 37% to 23. 95% and 20. 58%, and in mung bean from 15. 98% to 28. 44% and 27. 05%. Thus, both compounds 1 and 2 obviously had a promoting influence on the bioavailability of iron and zinc from food legumes. These findings are of practical value in a food-based strategy to enhance the bioavailability of trace minerals for human health.

Objective To evaluate the changes of levator ani muscle contractility in different postpartum periods by observing the contractility of postpartum women's levator ani muscle.Methods Forty-six postpartum women and 43 nulliparous women were included in the object.All of those went through translabial pelvic floor ultrasound examinations.Images of their levator hiatus would be recorded at the conditions of rest and contraction.The hiatal length (L)and the area (A)of levator hiatus were measured,then the differences were obtained between rest and contraction conditions,recording as ΔL andΔA.Relevant data were analyzed.Results There was no obvious statistical difference of L and A between the groups (P >0.05).The ΔL and ΔA of the 6-8 weeks were the minimum in this objective(P <0.05). However,there was no statistical difference between nulliparous women and the postpartum 6-8 month's women(P >0.05).Conclusions After delivery,the contractility of levator ani muscle became weaker,but could recovery effectively after about half a year.