Objective To investigate the effect of intranasal instillation of insulin with different doses on cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer disease (AD).Methods Sixty-three AD patients were collectcd.According to the order of doctor's office visiting,they were divided into insulin 1 group (21 cases,intranasal instillation of insulin 20 U,2 times per day),insulin 2 group (21 cases,intranasal instillation of insulin 40 U,2 times per day) and placebo group (21 cases,intranasal instillation of physiological saline,2 times per day).Mini-mental state examination scale (MMSE) and Rivermead behavioural memory test second edition (RBMT Ⅱ) were used to evaluate the improvement of cognitive function after 3 months and 6 months.Results Before treatment,the scores of MMSE and RBMT Ⅱ in insulin 1 group were (20.2 ± 2.3) and (17.2 ± 1.9) scores,in insulin 2 group were (20.7 ± 2.8) and (16.5 ± 1.9) scores.After treatment for 3 months,the scores of MMSE and RBMT Ⅱ in insulin 1 group were (21.8 ± 3.2) and (19.2 ± 2.0) scores,in insulin 2 group were (21.6 ± 3.5) and (18.1 ± 2.0) scores.The scores of MMSE and RBMT Ⅱ in insulin 1 group and insulin 2 group significantly improved compared with those before treatment (P ＜ 0.05 or ＜ 0.01).But the scores of MMSE and RBMT Ⅱ in placebo group were significantly aggravated,(18.9 ± 3.8) scores vs.(20.9 ± 2.5) scores,(15.2 ± 2.1) scores vs.(16.1 ± 2.0) scores,P ＜ 0.05.After treatment for 6 months,the scores of MMSE and RBMT Ⅱ in insulin 1 group were (22.5 ± 3.3) and (20.5 ± 2.0) scores,in insulin 2 group were (22.7 ± 3.1) and(19.8 ± 1.9) scores,and in placebo group were (17.9 ± 4.5) and(14.7 ± 2.0) scores.The scores of MMSE and RBMT Ⅱ in insulin 1 group and insulin 2 group were significantly better than those in placebo group (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Intranasal instillation of insulin can improve cognitive disorders in patients with AD.

Objective To study the clinical effect of minimally invasive treatment of 24 patients with hemor-rhagic moyamoya disease.Methods The clinical features of onset,bleeding location of the lesions and the type,ther-apeutic results of minimally invasive treatment were studied retrospectively.Results 24 patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease spontaneous intracerebral hematoma who need to acutely remove the hematoma were examined by CT angiography ( CTA) .Emergency minimal invasive puncture was performed according to the result of CTA,and the role of CTA in operation was analyzed.In all 24 patients,most of them were cerebral hemorrhage breaking into ventri-cles,5 cases with intracranial aneurysm.In all the hemisphere of hemorrhage,dilatation and abnormal branching of the AchA and P-CoM were observed in 9 patients,superficial temporal artery.Conclusion Minimally invasive treat-ment of hemorrhagic moyamoya disease scheme is simple,practical and effective,the maneuverability is strong.

The centrosome plays a crucial role in the maintaining of cell conformation,mitosis and chromosome seg-regation.It responds to the DNA damage and keeps the genome stability via cross-talking with the intranuclear DNA damage repair system.The apoptosis of tumor cells can be induced through inhibition of the duplication of centro-some.So the inhibitors of centrosomal proteins will be a potential anti-tumor therapy.

Shenghua decoction made by FU Qing-zhu is a famous formula aimed at syndrome of coagulation cold due to blood deficiency,static blood obstruction.The mechanism of disease is definite when this formula is applied.But the extensive use of Shenghua decoction,especially some potent preparation of it following childbirth without according to TCM principle based on differentiation of syndromes is a manifestation of highlighting formula and underestimating theory,which is useless and harmful.It should be emphasized.So the Shenghua decoction should be used under the direction of basic theory of TCM,through precise syndrome differentiation,according to the principle of "looking to and not being besieged by postpartum ".We should not follow blindly the method of treatment of "warming and resolving stasis" on the postpartum disease.It is important that Shenghua decoction should be used on the basis of syndrome differentiation.

The study process of TCM syndrome spectra of hemopathy is the process to recognize the syndrome characteristics of the onset, development of hemopathy, it bases on norm of TCM symptoms and syndrome. In this course, it could not only find common feature of syndrome,but also analyze distribution regularity of TCM syndrome. Thus to establish sequence of hemopathic syndrome, and to provide the basis for clinic determination of treatment based on syndrome differentiation, and provide the foundation for finding correlation of TCM syndrome and target tests.

Objective:To explore the therapeutic effect of the use of budesonide for externally-used budesonide in the surgical cavities following endoscopic sinuous surgery(ESS).Method:122 cases with chronic sinusitis were randomly divided into two groups treated by the routine procedures after endoscopic sinuous surgery but the treatment group with 61 cases were treated by the addition of budesonide suspension for inhalation in the surgical cavities.The process of the epithelization in the surgical cavities by endoscopy was investigated.Result:The process of cleaning in 15 days in the surgical cavities was better in the budesonide-using group than in the controlled group.A significant difference was found(P

The fresh cadavers were injected with A. B. S into the popliteal arteries. We have studied the micro-vascular structure of this skin area under scanning electron microscope. There are 5 layers of the vascular network in this skin area. They were formed by the small branches coming from either the direct or indirect cutaneous arteries. The 5 layers are as follows: The capillary network of the papillary layer. The vascular network of the subpapillary layer. The deep dermal network. The network in the subcutaneous tissue. The network in the deep fascia tissue. It is clear that each layer of the vascular network has it's -own special character.

The vascular morphological character of the microcirculation in the nail bed of the toe have been studied with the scanning electron microscope. Three types of vascular network were identified: 1) The blood vessels at the proximal two fifth of the nail bed were parallelly arranged. 2) At the middle two fifths of the nail bed, the blood vessels interwoved with each other and formed the polygonal vascular networks. 3) At the distal one fifth of the nail bed there were only a few vascular loops running in a slanting position. These loops were connected with the vascular network from the papillary layer of the skin of the toe.

To study the changes of ? adrenergic receptor subtypes (? 1 AR,? 2 AR) and angiotensin Ⅱreceptor subtypes (AT 1 R,AT 2 R)mRNA levels in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) hearts at 14 weeks of age, and WKY rat hearts at ages 14 and 48 weeks, the total cellular RNA was extracted from the left ventricular tissue, and reverse polymerase chain reaction analysis was performed for measurement of the four receptors. The expression levels of ? 1 AR mRNA and ? 2 AR mRNA were down regulated in WKY hearts at age 48 weeks and in 14 week SHR. AT 1 R mRNA levels were decreased in 48 week WKY and 14 SHR, and AT 2 R mRNA levels were significantly increased in SHR. The expression levels of ? 1 AR and AT 1 R mRNA were declined following the increase of ages. The levels of ? 2 AR mRNA were down regulated in hypertension and myocardial hypertrophy conditions first because ? 2 AR was more sensitive to myocardial hypertrophy than ? 1 AR. Long term and hyper AngⅡ levels stimulated AT 1 R mRNA down regulation in SHR, and it is the myocardial hypertrophic compensatory process that increases the AT 2 R mRNA levels.