The main acupoints were Shuigou (GV 26), Jiquan (HT 1) and Weizhong (BL 40). According to the diseased area, corresponding points were selected. Warmed needling, pushing, grasping, kneading,flicking and shaking of diseased joints were performed. Among 48 patients with rheumatoid arthritis,6 cases were clinically recovered; 14 cases were remarkablely effective; 24 cases were improved; and 4 cases were ineffective.

Objective To study the difference of detection rate between PCR and high-resolution melt (HRM)for detecting the bacterial drug resistance gene aac(6′)-Ib-cr.Methods The PCR method was adopted to detect the aac(6′)-Ib gene in 299 strains of common Gram-negative bacilli,and the PCR positive products of aac (6′)-Ib were digested with BtsCI.Meanwhile Aac (6′)-Ib and aac (6′)-Ib-cr genes in above bacterial strains were detected by adopting the HRM technique.Results A total of 29 isolates were i-dentified as aac (6′)-Ib gene,and 21 mutations were aac (6′)-Ib-cr,with a mutation rate of 72.4% (21/29)for PCR and restriction enzyme digestion.And the results of the HRM test were in good agreement with each other.Conclusion PCR and HRM are similar for the detection of the bacterial resistance gene aac (6′)-Ib-cr,and aac (6′)-Ib-cr gene could be detected by a simpler HRM tech-nique instead of PCR and enzyme digestion,especially for a large number of screening.

Acid sphingomyelinase (aSMase) is an important enzyme in sphingolipid metabolism. Studies concerning the relationship between aSMase and tumor are relatively rare. However, the relationship between aSMase and the development and progression of tumors has already been demonstrated in previously published research. In this review, the mechanism of aSMase activation and the role of aSMase in the development and progression of tumors as well as its application value are summarized. Copyright © 2012 by TUMOR.

Beijing ; China ; Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; diagnosis

The quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has been mainly evaluated based on chemical ingredients, yet recently more attentions have been paid on biological ingredients, especially for pill-based preparations. It is a key approach to establish a fast, accurate and systematic method of biological ingredient analysis for realization of modernization, industrialization and internationalization of TCMs. The biological ingredient analysis of TCM preparations could be abstracted as the identification of multiple species from a biological mixture. The metagenomic approach based on high-throughput-sequencing (HTS) and big-data-mining has been considered as one of the most effective methods for multiple species analysis of a biological mixture, which would also be helpful for the analysis of biological ingredients in TCMs. Simultaneous identification of diverse species, including the prescribed species, adulterants, toxic species, protected species and even the biological impurities introduced through production process, could be achieved by selecting appropriate DNA biomarkers, as well as applying large-scale sequence comparison and data mining. By this approach, it is prospective to offer an evaluation basis for the effectiveness, safety and legality of TCM preparations.

The quality of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) has been mainly evaluated based on chemical ingredients, yet recently more attentions have been paid on biological ingredients, especially for pill-based preparations. It is a key approach to establish a fast, accurate and systematic method of biological ingredient analysis for realization of modernization, industrialization and internationalization of TCMs. The biological ingredient analysis of TCM preparations could be abstracted as the identification of multiple species from a biological mixture. The metagenomic approach based on high-throughput-sequencing (HTS) and big-data-mining has been considered as one of the most effective methods for multiple species analysis of a biological mixture, which would also be helpful for the analysis of biological ingredients in TCMs. Simultaneous identification of diverse species, including the prescribed species, adulterants, toxic species, protected species and even the biological impurities introduced through production process, could be achieved by selecting appropriate DNA biomarkers, as well as applying large-scale sequence comparison and data mining. By this approach, it is prospective to offer an evaluation basis for the effectiveness, safety and legality of TCM preparations.
Biological Products ; chemistry ; Data Mining ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Metagenomics ; methods

Objective To investigate the role of large conductance calcium-activated potassium channels (BK) in neuronal Ca2+ overload following traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods Neuronal cells of C57BL/6 mouse cortex were collected and cultured. Patch-clamp technique was applied to investigate the changes of intracellular free calcium [Ca2+] i and firing frequency of neuronal action potentials in rest condition or evoked by 100 pA electric current lasting 500 ms after perfusion of Iberiotoxin ( 100 nmmol/L), a BK specific blocker. The cells were divided randomly into experimental group ( plus Iberiotoxin) and control group. Extracellular solution of cultured neurons was further perfused with KCl (20 mmol/L) to induce elevation of [Ca2 +]i and influence of Iberiotoxin ( 100 nmol/L) on amplitude of [Ca2 +] i elevation was determined. Results No significant changes of neuronal spontaneous action potential frequency and [Ca2 +]i were observed in rest condition after perfusion of Iberiotoxin (P＞0.05).However, when evoked by electric current, the frequency of action potential was (10.4 ± 3.0) Hz,which was increased to ( 13.8 ± 3.7 ) Hz after perfusion of Iberiotoxin, with statistical difference (P＜0.05 ). The [Ca2 +] i level was ( 14.21 ± 16.98 ) nmol/Lbefore perfusion with Iberiotoxin but was increased to (44.07 ± 34. 4) nmol/L after perfusion of Iberiotoxin (P ＜ 0.05 ). Extracellular high concentration of KCl increased [Ca2 +] i of neurons, while perfudion of Iberiotoxin further elevated [Ca2 +]i (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion BK may play an important role in the regulation of neuronal [Ca2+] i and in neuronal Ca2+overload following TBI.

Objective To study the influence of continuous blood purification(CBP)on the intra-abdomi-nal pressure (IAP ) and the gastrointestinal dysfunction of intra -abdominal hypertension (IAH ).Methods 80 patients with IAH were selected and divided into observation group and control group(n=40)according to random number table method.The observation group was given 3d CBP therapy.The control group was given conventional treatment.The mean arterial pressure (MAP ),IAP and abdominal perfusion pressure (APP ) were detected.The number of gastrointestinal symptoms was observed,sequential organ failure score(SOFA score)was used to assess the organ function of the two groups before and after treatment.Results The MAP,IAP,APP,SOFA score of the two groups before treatment had no statistically significant differences(P>0.05).The MAP of the two groups after treat-ment[(88.46 ±8.93)mmHg vs.(87.76 ±8.04)mmHg]had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The IAP[(9.02 ±1.06)mmHg]and SOFA score[(1.32 ±0.45)]of the observation group after treatment were signifi-cantly lower,the APP [(85.34 ±7.59)mmHg]was obviously higher than before treatment and the control group [(19.54 ±4.23)mmHg,(5.24 ±2.05)points,(70.76 ±6.43)mmHg],the differences were statistically significant (t=3.575,2.855,3.274,3.563,3.114,3.782,all P<0.05).Before treatment,the number of the gastrointestinal symptoms of the two groups[(44.56 ±8.53)times vs.(45.32 ±8.21)times]had no statistically significant difference (P>0.05).The number of gastrointestinal symptoms of the observation group after treatment [(6.54 ±2.24)times] was obviously lower than before treatment and the control group [(15.45 ±4.43)times],the difference was statisti-cally significant(t =3.022,P<0.05 ).The 30 d and 60 d survival rates of the observation group were 87.5%(35/40)and 65%(26/40),which of the control group were 80.0%(32/40)and 55%(22/40),although which of the observation group were higher than the control group,but there were no statistically significant differences(P>0.05 ).Conclusion CBP could significantly reduce the IPA of the patients with IAH,raise the APP,improve gastro-intestinal perfusion,reduce gastrointestinal symptoms,has positive significance to improve the gastrointestinal dysfunction.

Acupuncture Analgesia ; Animals ; Central Nervous System ; metabolism ; Electroacupuncture ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Pain Threshold ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of sacral nerve root electrostimulation (SNS) on the colon function and its mechanisms in rats with spinal cord injury (SCI).

METHODSOne hundred and four Wistar rats were divided into three groups: A, B and C. A group ( n = 24) was divided into three subgroups (n = 8) for studying the bioelectricity: Normal group (NG), SCI group (SCI) and SCI group with SNS(SNS); B group( n = 24) was divided into three subgroups( n = 8) for studying the colon motility: NG, SCI and SNS. C group( n = 56) were divided into three groups for studying the change of morphology and neurotransmitters(SP and VIP): NG (n = 8), SCI (n = 24), and SNS (n = 24) . In SCI and SNS, included of three subgroups: 24, 48, 72 h after spinal cord injury (n = 8).

RESULTSIn SCI group, the activity of bioelectricity in proximal and distal colon was reduced; the colon motility was lessened, and colon mucosa appeared different degree of damage; cell-cell connections between intestinal epithelial cells were destroyed. The expressions of substance P(SP) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) in colon were decreased obviously. SNS was found to activate the bioelectricity, promote the colon motility, improve the intestinal mucosal, and increase the expressions of SP and VIP. Conclusion: SNS can activate the peristalsis, rehabilitate the motility of denervated colon, protection of the intestinal mechanical barrier between intestinal epithelial cells and tight junction, rebuild the colon function through activating the bioelectricity and increase the expressions of SP and VIP.

Animals ; Colon ; physiopathology ; Electric Stimulation Therapy ; Epithelial Cells ; drug effects ; Intestinal Mucosa ; drug effects ; Lumbosacral Region ; innervation ; Neurotransmitter Agents ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; therapy ; Substance P ; metabolism ; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide ; metabolism