No Abstract Available.
Patellar Ligament*

No abstract available.
Trichomonas*

No abstract available.
Trichomonas*

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to confirm the relationship between nursing students’ nursing professionalism and ethical decision-making confidence, and to clarify the mediating effect of moral sensitivity which has a mutual influence on nursing professionalism and ethical decision-making confidence. Methods: The data collection for this study was conducted from January 23 to February 1, 2021 with junior and senior nursing students enrolled in five nursing departments in two regions. The data collected in this study were analyzed using the IBM SPSS statistics version 23.0 program. Results: Through this study, it was found that nursing professionalism (β=.47) and moral sensitivity (β=.32) acted as important influencing factors on the ethical decision-making confidence of nursing students, with an explanatory power of 31.2%. In addition, it was confirmed that there was a partial mediating effect of moral sensitivity in the relationship between the nursing professionalism and ethical decision-making confidence of nursing students, and the mediating effect coefficient of moral sensitivity was .16. Conclusion Based on the results of the study, it is suggested to prepare a plan to increase ethical decision-making confidence and moral sensitivity when planning interventions to improve nursing professionalism in nursing students.

BACKGROUND: Single pass lead VDD pacing preserves atrioventricular synchrony with a single lead system which incorporates floating atrial electrodes. The objectives of this study were to measure whether different body postures and physical activities cause significant changes of the atrial electrogram amplitudes and to evaluate the effectiveness of its atrial sensing, ventricular sensing and pacing. METHOD: Prospective study was done in 7 patients with high degree AV block and normal sinus node function in whom a single lead VDD pacing system was implanted. The P wave amplitude was been measured in different condition during follow-up period. RESULTS: 1) During follow-up period, the P wave amplitude showed variation with changes in posture and respiration, but there was no consistent increase or decrease in amplitude. The lowest P wave amplitude was above the minimal atrial sensing value of 0.2 mV. 2) The percentage of atrial synchronous ventricular pacing recorded in Holter ECG and during Treadmill exercise test was more than 99%. 3) Atrial oversensing or VA cross sensing were not observed in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Despite floating atrial electrode, the single pass lead VDD pacing maintains reliable atrial sensing and ventricular pacing in different body position and physical activity, so it may offer an excellent alternative in patients with high grade AV block and intact sinus node function.
Atrioventricular Block ; Electrocardiography ; Electrodes ; Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Motor Activity* ; Posture ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration ; Sinoatrial Node

BACKGROUND: Single pass lead VDD pacing preserves atrioventricular synchrony with a single lead system which incorporates floating atrial electrodes. The objectives of this study were to measure whether different body postures and physical activities cause significant changes of the atrial electrogram amplitudes and to evaluate the effectiveness of its atrial sensing, ventricular sensing and pacing. METHOD: Prospective study was done in 7 patients with high degree AV block and normal sinus node function in whom a single lead VDD pacing system was implanted. The P wave amplitude was been measured in different condition during follow-up period. RESULTS: 1) During follow-up period, the P wave amplitude showed variation with changes in posture and respiration, but there was no consistent increase or decrease in amplitude. The lowest P wave amplitude was above the minimal atrial sensing value of 0.2 mV. 2) The percentage of atrial synchronous ventricular pacing recorded in Holter ECG and during Treadmill exercise test was more than 99%. 3) Atrial oversensing or VA cross sensing were not observed in any of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Despite floating atrial electrode, the single pass lead VDD pacing maintains reliable atrial sensing and ventricular pacing in different body position and physical activity, so it may offer an excellent alternative in patients with high grade AV block and intact sinus node function.
Atrioventricular Block ; Electrocardiography ; Electrodes ; Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Motor Activity* ; Posture ; Prospective Studies ; Respiration ; Sinoatrial Node

BACKGROUND: The cardiac troponin I (cTnI), one of the subunits of the troponin regulatory complex, binds to actin and inhibits interactions between actin and myosin. cTnI is highly sensitive and specific marker for myocardial injury and is useful in diagnosis and detection of reperfusion in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). In this study, we measured the serum concentration of cTnI according to serial time after chest pain in patients with AMI and compared serum concentration of cTnI with CK-MB and echocardiographic data to evaluate the significance of measuring serum concentration of cTnI in AMI. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The study was carried out on 16 patients with first attack of AMI within 6 hours of chest pain. All patients were performed thrombolytic therapy and reperfusion was confirmed by coronary angiography. Blood samples for measuring of CK-MB and cTnI were collected at 4-h intervals during the first 24 h, 12-h intervals until 48 h, and 24-h intervals until fourth days after hospitalization. Echocardiography were performed before thrombolytic therapy in all patients. RESULTS: 1) The mean age of subjects was 63.6+/-11.5 years (range:44 - 84 years) and 11 patients were men and 5 patients were women. The site of infarction was anterior in 11 patients and inferior in 5 patients. 2) The peak concentrations of CK-MB and cTnI were reached from 4-h to 12-h after admission in all patients (7.3+/-2.6-h, and 9.0+/-3.1-h, respectively), but there was no significant difference in peak time. 3) Serum concentration of CK-MB was normalized at 72-h after admission, but cTnI was remained in increased state until 96-h after admission. The numbers of the patients with above cutoff value of CK-MB and cTnI at different time after admission were significantly different after 72-h (p<0.05). 4) The peak cTnI and sigma cTnI level were significantly correlated with peak CK-MB and sigma CK-MB level, respectively (r 2 =0.7955, p<0.0001 and r 2 =0.6378, p=0.0002, respectively). 5) The ejection fraction was not correlated with peak cTnI concentration (r 2 =0.0948, p=0.2461) and sigma cTnI (r 2 =0.1867, p=0.0946). 6) The wall motion score index was not correlated with peak cTnI concentration (r 2 =0.2135, p=0.0716), but significantly correlated with sigma cTnI (r 2 =0.2540, p=0.0465). CONCLUSION: The serum concentration of cTnI was useful in late diagnosis of AMI and cTnI release in patients with AMI was correlated with myocardial infarct size.
Actins ; Chest Pain ; Coronary Angiography ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Infarction ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Myosins ; Reperfusion ; Thrombolytic Therapy ; Troponin I* ; Troponin*

Congenital long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an inherited disease characterized by prolonged QT intervals and polymorphic ventricular tachycardia. The clinical manifestations vary from sudden cardiac death by ventricular arrhythmia to asymptom throughout life. In 1957, Jervell and Lange-Nielsen reported a syndrome of congen-ital sensory deafness associated with a prolonged QT interval in four children. The affected children had multiple syncopal episodes, and three died suddenly. The mode of inheritance is autosomal recessive. Affected persons are susceptible to recurrent syncope, and they have a high incidence of sudden death and short life expectancy. We report a case and review the literature on long QT syndrome diagnosed in a 30-year-old female with a history of convulsion and loss of consciousness during delivery.
Adult ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Child ; Deafness* ; Death, Sudden ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jervell-Lange Nielsen Syndrome ; Life Expectancy ; Long QT Syndrome* ; Seizures ; Syncope* ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; Unconsciousness ; Wills

BACKGROUND: The electrocardiogram may provide valuable information regarding the identity of the culprit coronary artery and the location of obstructing lesion within the artery, which may be of guidance in selecting the therapeutic modality. Previous studies have concluded that changes in lateral leads (I, aVL, V5, V6) are predictive of left circumflex coronary artery obstruction in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction. Elect-rocardiographic criteria for determining the location of the obstructing lesion, however, have not been well established. The purpose of this study is to investigate the patterns of ST segment depression in lateral leads in inferior wall acute myocardial infarction and the obstruction site of culprit artery according to ST segment depression in lateral leads. METHODS: We examined 78 patients with inferior wall acute myocardial infarction analizing their electrocardiogram and coronary angiography which performed during acute hospitalization. RESULTS: Of the fifty-five patients in which the culprit artery could be determined, 1)in 41 the culprit artery was the right coronary artery (19 proximal to the right ventricular branch and 22 distal), and in 14 the left circumflex coronary artery (7 proximal to the first obtuse marginal branch or involving a high first obtuse marginal branch, and 7 with distal obstruction). 2)Significant ST depression (ST< or =1 mm) in leads I and aVL was more common in right coronary artery obstruction (p<0.05 and p=0.01 respectively) than left circumflex artery. 3)It was difficult to define the location of obstruction with ST segment change of lateral precordial leads (V5, V6). CONCLUSIONS: In acute inferior wall myocardial infarction, ST segment depression in lateral limb leads (I, aVL) can be indicative of the right coronary artery obstruction and the ST segment depression pattern in lateral precordial leads was not indicative of the site of obstruction.
Arteries ; Coronary Angiography ; Coronary Vessels ; Depression* ; Electrocardiography ; Extremities ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Inferior Wall Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Infarction*

Heterotopic pregnancy, simultaneous intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancy, is an extremely rare case. The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy was about 1 to 30,000 pregnancies, but it has increased after wider use of assisted reproductive technology. The rising incidence presents a serious problem as the diagnosis of this potentially fatal condition is often missed. Careful pelvic examination combined with serial beta-hCG determinations, and transvaginal sonography to evaluate the adnexal region are necessary prerequisites for early diagnosis. We report a case of heterotopic pregnancy following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer(IVF-ET) with a brief review of literature.
Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Embryo Transfer* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Fertilization in Vitro* ; Gynecological Examination ; Incidence ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Heterotopic* ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted