No abstract available.
Muscles* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

No abstract available.
Scalp* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

No abstract available.
Orthopedics* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

The management of post-radiation wound breakdown over the posterior cervico thoracic region can be a challenging task for a surgeon. The aim of the treatment is to produce a well vascularized and a low tensile flap which will close a large defect. We describe the use of the lower trapezius flap to reconstruct the wound breakdown and to obtain stable tissue coverage in a patient with postradiation necrosis. This flap minimizes the disruption of the scapula-thoracic function while preserving the range of movement over the shoulder. From the literature review, it was noted that the dorsal scapular artery (DSA) and transverse cervical artery (TCA) aid in the blood supply to the trapezius muscle and prevent local necrosis during rotation of the flap. The trapezius flap is widely accepted because of the minor donor site morbidity, large arc of rotation and adequate blood supply.
Superficial Back Muscles

OBJECTIVE: To determine the function of the normal upper trapezius and scalenus medius muscles during neck motion by quantitative eletromyographic analysis. METHOD: Nine subjects were evaluated electromyographically with monopolar fine wire electrodes. The isometric tilting and rotation of neck with manual resistance were performed in the sitting position. The Root Mean Square (RMS) and Mean Rectified Voltage (MRV) were recorded. RESULTS: The RMS and MRV of upper trapezius muscle were significantly higher at each degree of ipsilateral rotation than contralateral rotation. But the RMS and MRV of scalenus medius muscle were significantly higher at each degree of contralateral rotation than ipsilateral rotation. The RMS and MRV of upper trapezius and scalenus medius muscles were significantly higher at ipsilateral tilting than at contralateral tilting. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, we concluded that the upper trapezius muscle acts more in ispilateral rotation, while scalenus medius muscle acts in contralateral rotation, and upper trapezius and scalenus medius muscles act in ipsilateral tilting.
Electrodes ; Muscles ; Neck* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

Thoracolumbar paraspinal myonecrosis can be developed with various etiologies. It can induce compartment syndrome of spinal muscles and cause elevated pressure on back muscles, resulting in severe back pain. Thoracolumbar paraspinal myonecrosis is a very rare disease. There are only a few studies about paraspinal myonecrosis. Here we report a case of a spontaneous thoracolumbar paraspinal myonecrosis in a patient who had asymptomatic abdominal aortic dissection. Through this case, etiologies, clinical features, radiologic findings, and treatment options for thoracolumbar paraspinal myonecrosis are discussed.
Back Muscles ; Back Pain ; Compartment Syndromes ; Humans ; Muscles ; Rare Diseases

No abstract available.
Neck* ; Scalp* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

No abstract available.
Empyema, Tuberculous* ; Superficial Back Muscles*

The inferior trapezius flap (ITF) is useful as a primary means of head and neck reconstruction or as a salvage flap when a previous flap has failed. This report illustrates a neck bypass modification technique which places the pedicle external and lateral to the neck, thereby 1) increasing the flap's reach and 2) decreasing compression from subcutaneous tunneling. It also describes the authors' experience with this technique.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate working condition in way of measuring working posture and muscle tension using the desktop personal computer and notebook personal computer having different screen height. METHOD: Seventeen healthy men performed wordprocessing task in three workstation: desktop PC on the conventional computer table (DPC (on)); desktop PC under the 'inside' type computer table (DPC (under)); notebook PC on the table (NPC). The viewing distance and angle, head and neck angle, thoracic bending and trunk inclination were measured. Muscle tension of right posterior neck muscle, upper trapezius, sternocleidomastoid (SCM), and upper back muscle was also measured by integrated electromyogram (IEMG). RESULTS: 1) The viewing distance was the longest in DPC (under). 2) The lower the screen height, the more downward viewing angle and more flexed position in upper neck. 3) The posterior neck muscle tension was the lowest in DPC (on). 4) Stooped position was most frequently seen in NPC and the highest tension of posterior neck muscle and upper back muscle was shown in NPC. 5) In relation between postural analysis and muscle tension, muscle tension decreased with increasing backward reclining position, and the neck and thorax became more erect with increasing in viewing distance. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the stooped posture was worst and most frequently seen in NPC. If neck flexion is avoided, DPC (under) position could lessen the visual and musculoskeletal problem. More Ergonomical study would be needed about working posture using computer.
Back Muscles ; Head ; Humans ; Male ; Microcomputers ; Muscle Tonus* ; Neck ; Neck Muscles ; Posture* ; Superficial Back Muscles ; Thorax