No abstract available.
Laparotomy* ; Sutures* ; Wound Infection* ; Wounds and Injuries*

PURPOSE: This study aimed to understand the degree of clinical nurses' emotional labor that they perceive in the relationships with people related to their work. METHODS: This study was a descriptive research, and its subjects were 167 nurses in five university hospitals located in B and Y city. The degree of emotional labor was measured with Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data were collected from April to May in 2015, and analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé and Games-Howell examination. RESULTS: The score of the emotional labor of health care providers and visitors were higher than non-health care providers. Among health care providers, doctors had the highest emotional scores, and fellow nurse and nurses other departments were followed after that. Among visitors in hospital, patients and their family had the higher emotional labor scores than care givers. There was statistically significant difference in the emotional labor, according to the subjects' educational level, age, wages, job position, and working departments. CONCLUSION: Clinical nurses perceived emotional labor not only from the interaction with patients, but also from the interaction with the various other persons concerned such as health care providers, non-health care providers and visitors.
Caregivers ; Health Personnel ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

Hospitals are increasingly concerned with the construction of computer-based medical order communication system (MOCS), despite the fact that they are financially being pressed. With limited budget, management in hospitals ought to be pursuing both methodologically effective and technically sound way of constructing MOCS. This paper intends to contribute itself toward better design of database for MOCS with reference to a university hospital. Some structural characteristics pertaining to MOCS are identified in ways of systems approach. Based on those findings, construction methodologies are reviewed and put forward with flexibility to differing requirements of hospitals. Suggestions include the followings. (1) Designing step has to be distinguished among conceptual, logical, and physical design while prototyping for user interface is utilized only for the logical design. (2) Many modeling tools including entity life cycle diagram can be effective for system integration with other units. (3) 3 different types of distributed database servers are recommended.
Budgets ; Computer Communication Networks ; Hospital Information Systems* ; Life Cycle Stages ; Logic ; Pliability

Hospitals are increasingly concerned with the construction of computer-based medical order communication system (MOCS), despite the fact that they are financially being pressed. With limited budget, management in hospitals ought to be pursuing both methodologically effective and technically sound way of constructing MOCS. This paper intends to contribute itself toward better design of database for MOCS with reference to a university hospital. Some structural characteristics pertaining to MOCS are identified in ways of systems approach. Based on those findings, construction methodologies are reviewed and put forward with flexibility to differing requirements of hospitals. Suggestions include the followings. (1) Designing step has to be distinguished among conceptual, logical, and physical design while prototyping for user interface is utilized only for the logical design. (2) Many modeling tools including entity life cycle diagram can be effective for system integration with other units. (3) 3 different types of distributed database servers are recommended.
Budgets ; Computer Communication Networks ; Hospital Information Systems* ; Life Cycle Stages ; Logic ; Pliability

A 35 years old female patient was admitted to our neuro-pain clinic with symptoms of low back pain(L4, L5 level) radiated to both lower(L3, L4, L5 level) extremities that developed 6 years prior to admission. Upon initial physical examination, motor weakness or sensory deficit was absent. But on straight leg raising test, it was restricted to 60 degree in both lower extremities. Low back pain and radiating pain improved significantly after we performed epidural steroid injection. However on the next day of procedure the patient complaints more pain and started to experience severe pain during overnight for 3 days. On computer tomography(CT, L3-S1 level), we find suspicious lesion of herniated nucleus pulposus at L5-S1. Otherwise were within normal limits. Based on these symptoms, to find the other lesions, subsequently magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) was performed. Spinal tumor was seen at L2-3 level(2 2 4 cm). Neurosurgical surgery was recommended, and operation was performed. The patient was diagnosed to ependymoma after excision and cytologic studies. Even if one lesion was diagnosed, it must be put off until any other diseases or underlying cancer are ruled out. We report a patient with spinal cord tumor missed on CT, but revealed on MRI in the evaluation and management of herniated nucleus pulposus related(L5-S1) low back pain.
Adult ; Ependymoma ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Low Back Pain ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Physical Examination ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms* ; Spinal Cord*

BACKGROUND: It is clinically important to know the distance of upper airway for airway management and respiratory care. The knowledge is useful for avoiding many possible complications due to endotracheal intubation by appropriate choice of endotracheal tube depth. METHODS: We investigated the distance from nose to carina according to the patient,s age, weight, height, sex with computed Tomography in 100 adults who had no anatomical abnormality of the upper airway, neck and head. RESULT: The length between upper incisor and vocal cord was 15.0+/-0.8 cm in male and 13.9+/-0.6 cm in female. The length between vocal cord and carina was 13.2+/-0.8 cm in male and 11.9+/-0.9 cm in female. The length between upper incisor and carina was 28.3 0.9 cm in male and 25.9+/-1.2 cm in female. The length between nose and vocal cord was 17.7+/-0.9 cm in male and 15.9+/-0.8 cm in female. The length between nose and carina was 30.9+/-1.2 cm in male and 27.9+/-1.3 cm in female. The distance of upper airway increased according to patient, s (n=100) height, weight and age(p<0.05). The distance of upper airway not increased according to female patient, s (n=36) age(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: The length between vocal cord and carina, nose and carina, incisor and carina increased according to patient, s (n=100) height, weight and age.
Adult ; Airway Management ; Female ; Head ; Humans ; Incisor ; Intubation, Intratracheal ; Male ; Neck ; Nose ; Vocal Cords

No abstract available.
Bone Marrow* ; Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia*

An endodermal sinus tumor is a malignant germ cell tumor that usually arises in the gonads, but on rare occasion occurs in extragonadal locations. Our case was that of a 3 year old girl who complained of a rapid growing orbital mass. On histologic examination it revealed the typical picture of an endodermal sinus tumor and it also disclosed a positive reaction for alphafetoprotein using an immunoperoxidase technique. An orbital exenteration was performed followed by chemotheraphy, but the patient died 5 months after the onset of the disease.

Basal cell carcinoma(BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are very prevalent neoplasms of the human skin. Ultraviolet radiation in sunlight is a well-established mutagen of the p53 gene and is one of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. The newly-formed vascular network is important for neoplasms to grow beyond a size of about 1 mm2. Recent reports have suggested the hypothesis that a mutant p53 protein is closely related with capillary density. Immumohistochemistry for p53 protein and CD34 was performed in 20 cases of BCCs and 14 SCCs to evaluated the relationship between p53 protein and capillary density. The results were as follows:1. The microvessels stained by CD34 were mainly located in the interface of tumor cells and stroma. 2. There was no difference in the microvessel density according to the histologic types and age of the patients, but a higher microvessel density was noted in male patients. 3. The aggressive BCCs and the less-differentiated SCCs showed higher p53 immunostaining. 4. The mean microvessel density of cases showing strong positive immunostaining of the p53 gene(54.73+/-17.75) was higher than that of others(39.75+/-18.30). These results suggested that p53 protein expression and microvessel density are not related to the histologic types and age of the patients, but that differentiation and biologic behavior such as the infiltrating property of tumors and the microvessel density are closely related to p53 protein expression.
Capillaries ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Genes, p53 ; Humans ; Male ; Microvessels* ; Skin* ; Sunlight

No abstract available.
Abdominal Pain* ; Peptic Ulcer*