Humans ; Lead ; Spectrometry, Fluorescence ; Spectrophotometry, Atomic ; Uncertainty

Se load tests were carried out by administering 150?g Se as 0.1% sodium selenite 0. 5ml in 5 groups of male children (7～13 years) including 2 groups from different Kashin-Beck disease affected areas, 2 groups from non-endemic areas and another from an endemic area supplementing Se-fortilled salt for 4 years. The results showed that Se urinary excretion amounts, 6,12 and 24 hour accumulated rates and 24 hour net excretion amounts as well as rates after Se administration were similar between 2 endemic groups, but all far lower than those of 2 non-endemic groups; that urinary Se excretion peak in endemic groups delayed as comparied with non-endemic groups and that the above—mentioned parameters in endemic group supplementing Se restored to the levels of non-endemic groups. All those findings suggested that the children from Kashin-Beck disease affected areas might be in a Se deficiency status and Se supplementation to the endemic children consuming Se fortified salt significantly improve their Se deficiency status.

ObjectiveTo investigate the action mechanism of Th17 cells in immunoinflammatory response in systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).MethodsReverse-transcription PCR was performed to measure the mRNA expre ssion of the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan nuclear receptor RORγt in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 12 patients with active SLE,9 patients with inactive SLE and 12 normal human controls.Data were statistically analyzed by approximate F test(Welch test) and Dunnett's T3 multiple comparison test (corrected).ResultsIn the case of RORγt mRNA expression in PBMCs,significant differences existed among the 3 groups(F =23.286,P ＜ 0.01 ); in detail,the patients with active SLE were significantly higher than patients with inactive SLE and normal controls ( 1.06 ± 0.44 vs.0.65 ± 0.25,F =2.453,P ＜ 0.05;1.06 ± 0.44 vs.0.22 ± 0.08,F =6.504,P ＜ 0.05),and the patients with inactive SLE were significantly increased compared with the normal controls (F =3.343,P ＜ 0.05).The expression level of RORγt mRN A was significantly positively correlated with SLE disease activity index (rp =0.623,P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionsThere is a polarization of Th17 cells in patients with SLE.To antagonize the transcription factor RORγt,which plays an essential role in the regulation of Th17 cell differentiation,may facilitate the control of SLE via attenuating the immunoinflammatory response.

Objective To explore the expression of Hes1 mRNA during neural stem cells(NSC) differentiation toward neurons . Methods To establish the model of cultivation NSC in the hippocampal of newborn (24 h) SD rats ,and then to observe the mor-phology of NSC in the course of proliferation and differentiation .Before and after cellular induction ,the expression of Nestin and NSE were respectively measured to detect cell types by immunochemistry method .And flow cytometry was used to determine cell cycle phases ,so as to detect proliferative activity of these cells .Meanwhile ,the expression of Hes1 mRNA in NSC was determined by reverse transcription-PCR(RT-PCR) .Results The results demonstrated that NSC isolated from hippocampal showed vigorously clonal proliferation in vitro ,and positive Nestin expression .In addition ,the differentiated cells demonstrated positive NSE expres-sion .Flow cytometry analysis showed that the percentage of NSC in S phase was obviously higher than that of induced differentia-tion of all time(P<0 .01) ,which indicated that NSC were actively dividing induction before .Compared to NSC ,the percentages of cells in G0 G1 phases were increased significantly after neuronal differentiation (P<0 .01) ,which indicated that differented cells have arrested in G0 G1 phases .Meanwhile ,the results from RT-PCR showed that :Hes1 mRNA was expressed in NSC both before and af-ter induced differention .Compared to induction before ,the level of Hes1 mRNA expression in NSC during different stages of differ-entiation after induction were significantly decreased (P<0 .05) ,and Hes1 mRNA did not show any obvious changes among these stages of differentiation(P>0 .05) .Conclusion The high level of Hes1 mRNA was probably involved proliferation of NSC .How-ever ,low level of Hes1 mRNA might contribute to neuronal differentiation .

Objective: To investigate the expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and the intervention effect of Chinese materia medica (CMM) for dispersing blood stasis and dredging collateral. Methods: Ten rats were selected as control group from 60 rats, the remaining rats were established as DN models by feeding high glucose and high fat diet combined with low-dose streptozotocin ip injection. Model rats were randomly divided into model group, irbesartan treatment group, and CMM group. The rats in each group were ig administered with corresponding drug, at the end of the 20th week, the 24 h urinary total protein was detected. The expression levels of Wnt4 and β-catenin mRNA and protein in renal tissue were detected. Results: Compared with control group, the 24 h urinary total protein, expression of Wnt4, β-catenin mRNA, and protein significantly increased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with model group, 24 h urinary total protein, the expression of Wnt4, β-catenin mRNA, and protein decreased significantly in irbesartan group and CMM group (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). Conclusion: CMM for dispersing blood stasis and dredging collateral might decrease proteinuria in DN rats. It can also inhibit the high expression of Wnt/β-catenin pathway in the kidney of diabetic nephropathy rats. The effect might be one of the main ways to reduce urinary protein excretion.

ObjectiveTo explore the effective methods to improve the pulmonary function and life quality of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).Methods48 IPF patients were randomly divided into two groups, each group includes 24 cases. Group A was treated with prednisone 0.5 mg/kg per day orally, reduce half of the dosage 4 weeks later and Fluimucil 600 mg three times per day orally, while group B with prednisone 0.5 mg/kg per day orally, reduce half of the dosage 4 weeks later. The clinical manifestation, pulmonary function testing, high-resolution CT of the chest, arterial blood gas analysis were observed before and 3 months after treatment. ResultsThere was significant difference in Group A (P<0.05) but no significant difference in Group B (P>0.05) before and after treatment in the pulmonary function testing and arterial blood gas analysis. There was significant difference after treatment in the pulmonary function testing and arterial blood gas analysis between Group A and Group B (P<0.05).There was significant difference after treatment in the clinical manifestation, high-resolution CT of the chest and between Group A and Group B (P<0.05). ConclusionHigh dose Fluimucil can ameliorate the pulmonary function, relieve the symptom of short breath of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Viral myocarditis (VMC) is a clinical frequent cardiovascular disease with extremely high mortality and disability rate ,which seriously impairs the health of children and young adults ,and its pathogenesis has not been fully elucidated .It is generally believed that VMC pathogenesis is mainly related to direct damage on myocardial cells ,immune damage ,cell apoptosis and cytokines .The present article made a summary about the research progress of its pathogenesis .

Objective To evaluate the effect and safety of combined intravenous-inhaled anesthesia and caudal block in laparoscopy for neonates. Methods Forty patients aged 5 ～ 28 days(ASA Ⅰ～Ⅱ)were randomly assigned to two groups with 20 cases in each.Patients in the treatment group received intravenous-inhaled anesthesia combined with caudal block(0.8% lidocaine 8 mg/kg),the control group received intravenous-inhaled anesthesia.Vital sign profiles,airway pressure,blood gas analysis and adverse effects were recorded. Results The changes of SBP,DBP and HR in treatment group were lower than those of control group at T2 and T3.All markers at T2,T3 were higher than those of T1 in control group.Airway pressure and PaCO2 were lower than those of control group at T2 and T3.However,airway pressure and PaCO2 at T2,T3 were higher than those of T1 in control group. Conclusion Combined intravenous-inhaled anesthesia and caudal block was effective in laparoscopy for neonates.

Objective To determinate the contents of α-pinene, β-pinene, eucalyptol and linalool in Baeckea frutescens by reference substances method and reference extract method respectively; To explore the feasibility of replacing single component reference by control extracts in assay. Methods The GC system consisted of a quartz column DB-5 (60 m×0.25 mm×0.25 μm); The temperature programming rose from 80 ℃ (15 min) to 90 ℃ by 1 ℃/min, lasting 2 min, then 10 ℃/min to 110 ℃, then 25 ℃/min to 240 ℃, lasting 8 min in the end; The temperature of the entrance of capillary vessel column was 250 ℃, and the temperature of the detector was 250 ℃. Results α-pinene, β-pinene, eucalyptol and linalool were in a good linear relationship within each concentration scope (r≥0.999). The average recovery rates were in the range of 96.5%–102.2%. The results of t-test demonstrated that there is no significant difference between the two methods. Conclusion The reference extract method can be used as a quality evaluation pattern for Baeckea frutescens.

Objective To understand the current situation of the operational mechanism of medical research subsidization in the army so as to make suggestions for improvement. Methods Using the methods of literature review and expert consultation, an investigation through questionnaires was made into the operational mechanism of medical research subsidization in the army. Results The group of experts held that in subsidizing medical research in the army, stress ought to be laid first of all on the encouragement of innovation(scoring 450 points) . Next in line were respectively the highlighting of military use (scoring 340 points), the guarantee of urgent needs(scoring 310 points), and fair competition( scoring 123 points). Conclusion It is imperative to further perfect the operational mechanism of medical research subsidization in the army, reinforce the implementation of rules and regulations, constandy improve the assessment index, and reduce administrative intervention.