Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) is a multifunctional protein involved in diverse cellular functions, notably DNA damage repair. Pharmacological inhibition of PARP1 has therapeutic benefits for various pathologies. Despite the increased use of PARP inhibitors, challenges persist in achieving PARP1 selectivity and effective blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. The development of a PARP1-specific positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand is crucial for understanding disease biology and performing target occupancy studies, which may aid in the development of PARP1-specific inhibitors. In this study, we leverage the recently identified PARP1 inhibitor, AZD9574, to introduce the design and development of its ¹⁸F-isotopologue ([¹⁸F]AZD9574). Our comprehensive approach, encompassing pharmacological, cellular, autoradiographic, and in vivo PET imaging evaluations in non-human primates, demonstrates the capacity of [¹⁸F]AZD9574 to specifically bind to PARP1 and to successfully penetrate the BBB. These findings position [¹⁸F]AZD9574 as a viable molecular imaging tool, poised to facilitate the exploration of pathophysiological changes in PARP1 tissue abundance across various diseases.

[摘 要] 目的：探究中链脂肪酸癸酸对CD8+ T细胞活化的影响，及其对CD8+ T细胞介导的抗肿瘤免疫反应的作用和机制。方法：建立C57BL/6小鼠黑色素瘤B16F10皮下荷瘤模型，随机分为癸酸组（10 mg/kg癸酸灌胃）和对照组（等量溶剂灌胃），观察癸酸对小鼠肿瘤生长以及生存率的影响，采用流式细胞术检测肿瘤微环境中浸润CD8+ T细胞的活化水平。建立B16F10-OVA和OT-I T细胞共培养体系，采用流式细胞术检测癸酸对CD8+ T细胞的肿瘤细胞杀伤能力的影响。采用α-CD8抗体清除B16F10荷瘤小鼠体内CD8+ T细胞，观察对小鼠肿瘤体积的影响。小鼠原代CD8+ T细胞经癸酸处理后，采用WB、ELISA及qPCR、流式细胞术检测T细胞受体（TCR）活化、效应细胞因子产生以及增殖和代谢水平。在B16F10荷瘤小鼠模型中，观察α-PD-1抗体联合癸酸给药对小鼠肿瘤生长以及生存率的影响。结果：在小鼠黑色素瘤荷瘤模型中，与对照组相比，癸酸组小鼠移植瘤体积显著降低且生存率显著提高（均P<0.05），肿瘤浸润CD8+ T细胞IFN-γ和TNF-α的表达水平显著升高（P<0.01）。经癸酸处理的OT-I T细胞对B16F10-OVA细胞的杀伤水平显著升高（P<0.01）。在荷瘤小鼠模型中用α-CD8抗体清除CD8+ T细胞后，癸酸对移植瘤的抑制作用显著降低（P<0.000 1）。小鼠原代CD8+ T细胞经癸酸处理后，TCR活化水平显著升高、细胞因子IL-2和IFN-γ的产生增多、线粒体代谢水平显著上调（均P<0.05）。在黑色素瘤荷瘤小鼠模型中，癸酸与α-PD-1抗体联用，能够显著抑制小鼠移植瘤生长并提高其生存率（均P<0.05）。结论：癸酸能够促进CD8+ T细胞活化、增强其抗肿瘤免疫反应能力。

[摘 要] 目的：探讨扁蒴藤素（Pris）调节Shh/Gli1信号通路对宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖、凋亡和血管生成拟态（VM）的影响及其机制。方法：采用MTT法检测不同浓度Pris对宫颈癌HeLa细胞增殖的抑制作用，以选取合适的干预浓度。将HeLa细胞分为对照组、环巴胺组、Pris组、Pris+pc-NC组和Pris+pc-Shh组。采用MTT法、EdU法检测各组细胞的增殖能力，Transwell小室法、流式细胞术检测各组细胞的迁移及侵袭能力和细胞凋亡率，体外血管生成实验观察VM形成情况，qPCR法检测各组细胞中Shh和Gli1 mRNA表达水平，WB法检测细胞中血管内皮生长因子A（VEGF-A）、血管内皮钙黏素（VE-cadherin）、Ki-67、caspase-3及与Shh/Gli1信号通路相关蛋白表达水平。结果：0.25~2.5 mmol/L的Pris对HeLa细胞增殖均有显著抑制作用，选择1.5 mmol/L的Pris进行后续实验。对照组细胞形成良好的管腔结构，与对照组相比，环巴胺组、Pris组和Pris+pc-NC组HeLa细胞管腔结构被明显破坏，细胞增殖活力和增殖率、迁移及侵袭细胞数目、Shh和Gli1 mRNA、VEGF-A、VE-cadherin、Ki-67、Shh、Gli1蛋白表达均显著降低（均P<0.05），细胞凋亡率和caspase-3表达均显著升高（均P<0.05）；环巴胺组与Pris组HeLa细胞各项检测指标比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）；与Pris+pc-NC组相比，Pris+pc-Shh组细胞管腔结构形成明显改善，细胞增殖活力和增殖率、迁移及侵袭细胞数、Shh和Gli1 mRNA、VEGF-A、VE-cadherin、Ki-67、Shh、Gli1蛋白表达均显著升高（均P<0.05），细胞凋亡率和caspase-3表达均显著降低（均P<0.05）。结论：Pris抑制宫颈癌HeLa细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭和VM的形成并促进细胞凋亡，可能与阻断Shh/Gli1信号通路有关。

[摘 要] 目的：探讨精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸（RGD）修饰对肿瘤抑素19肽（T-19）抗肝癌活性的影响，比较分析T-19及RGD修饰的T-19（RGD-T-19）对肝癌SK-Hep-1细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力的影响。方法：用Fmoc固相法合成T-19及RGD-T-19，用高效液相色谱仪和质谱进行分离、鉴定。常规培养SK-Hep-1细胞，用0、50、100、150、200、250 mg/mL的T-19及RGD-T-19分别处理细胞，分为0 mg/mL（对照）组、50 mg/mL组、100 mg/mL组、150 mg/mL组、200 mg/mL组、250 mg/mL组。CCK-8法、克隆形成实验、划痕愈合实验和Tanswell小室实验、WB法和qPCR法分别检测SK-Hep-1细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力，以及环氧合酶-2（COX-2）、基质金属蛋白酶-2（MMP-2）、MMP-9、组织基质金属蛋白酶抑制剂-1（TIMP-1）、TIMP-2蛋白和MMP-1、MMP-2 mRNA的表达。结果：经质谱鉴定，用Fmoc固相法合成的T-19及RGD-T-19纯度高。T-19和RGD-T-19均能显著抑制SK-Hep-1细胞的增殖、迁移、侵袭能力，抑制COX-2蛋白、MMP-2和MMP-9蛋白及mRNA的表达、促进TIMP-1、TIMP-2蛋白的表达（P < 0.05, P < 0.01, P < 0.001），RGD-T-19的抑制或促进效应均明显强于T-19（均P < 0.05）。结论：利用Fmoc固相法合成了纯度高、活性好的T-19及RGD-T-19，两种肽均能抑制SK-Hep-1细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移能力，RGD-T-19作用明显强于T-19。

Background: and Purpose Posterior cerebral artery occlusion (PCAo) can cause long-term disability, yet randomized controlled trials to guide optimal reperfusion strategy are lacking. We compared the outcomes of PCAo patients treated with endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) with or without intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) to patients treated with IVT alone. Methods: From the multicenter retrospective Posterior cerebraL ArTery Occlusion (PLATO) registry, we included patients with isolated PCAo treated with reperfusion therapy within 24 hours of onset between January 2015 and August 2022. The primary outcome was the distribution of the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at 3 months. Other outcomes comprised 3-month excellent (mRS 0–1) and independent outcome (mRS 0–2), early neurological improvement (ENI), mortality, and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH). The treatments were compared using inverse probability weighted regression adjustment. Results: Among 724 patients, 400 received EVT+/-IVT and 324 IVT alone (median age 74 years, 57.7% men). The median National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score on admission was 7, and the occluded segment was P1 (43.9%), P2 (48.3%), P3–P4 (6.1%), bilateral (1.0%), or fetal posterior cerebral artery (0.7%). Compared to IVT alone, EVT+/-IVT was not associated with improved functional outcome (adjusted common odds ratio [OR] 1.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.79–1.43). EVT increased the odds for ENI (adjusted OR [aOR] 1.49, 95% CI 1.05–2.12), sICH (aOR 2.87, 95% CI 1.23–6.72), and mortality (aOR 1.77, 95% CI 1.07–2.95). Conclusion Despite higher odds for early improvement, EVT+/-IVT did not affect functional outcome compared to IVT alone after PCAo. This may be driven by the increased risk of sICH and mortality after EVT.

Due to the limitations of current anti-HBV therapies, the HBV core (HBc or HBcAg) protein assembly modulators (CpAMs) are believed to be potential anti-HBV agents. Therefore, discovering safe and efficient CpAMs is of great value. In this study, we established a HiBiT-based high-throughput screening system targeting HBc and screened novel CpAMs from an in-house marine chemicals library. A novel lead compound <b>8ab>, a derivative of the marine natural product naamidine J, has been successfully screened for potential anti-HBV activity. Bioactivity-driven synthesis was then conducted, and the structure‒activity relationship was analyzed, resulting in the discovery of the most effective compound <b>11ab> (IC₅₀ = 0.24 μmol/L). Furthermore, <b>11ab> was found to significantly inhibit HBV replication in multiple cell models and exhibit a synergistic effect with tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and IFNa2 in vitro for anti-HBV activity. Treatment with <b>11ab> in a hydrodynamic-injection mouse model demonstrated significant anti-HBV activity without apparent hepatotoxicity. These findings suggest that the naamidine J derivative <b>11ab> could be used as the HBV core protein assembly modulator to develop safe and effective anti-HBV therapies.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨LINC00462招募转录因子MYC激活ABCC3对肾透明细胞癌（ccRCC）顺铂敏感性的影响及其机制。方法：数据库分析ccRCC组织中ABCC3、MYC和LINC00462的表达及其相关性，并分析ABCC3基因的富集通路。常规培养人肾小管上皮细胞（HK-2）和ccRCC细胞（A-498、786-O和Caki-2），将si-LINC00462、oe-ABCC3、si-ABCC3、si-MYC、si-LINC00462-NC、oe-ABCC3-NC、si-ABCC3-NC和si-MYC-NC核酸序列分别转染A-498或786-O细胞，分为si-LINC00462组、si-LINC00462-NC组、oe-ABCC3组、oe-ABCC3-NC组、si-ABCC3组、si-ABCC3-NC组、si-MYC组、si-MYC-NC组；用2-脱氧-D-葡萄糖（2-DG）进行回复实验，构建oe-NC+PBS组、oe-ABCC3+PBS组、oe-ABCC3+2-DG组；为探究ccRCC细胞LINC00462/MYC/ABCC3轴对顺铂敏感性的影响，构建si-NC+oe-NC组、si-LINC00462+oe-NC组、si-LINC00462+oe-ABCC3组。qPCR法检测ABCC3、MYC和LINC00462在ccRCC细胞中的表达，CCK-8法检测细胞增殖活力，CCK-8法分析梯度浓度顺铂处理ccRCC细胞后IC50值，WB法检测糖酵解代谢途径相关蛋白的表达，Seahorse XP96法检测各处理组细胞的胞外酸化率（ECAR）和耗氧率（OCR），试剂盒检测细胞中丙酮酸、乳酸、ATP水平。双荧光素酶报告基因和染色质免疫共沉淀（ChIP）实验验证ABCC3与MYC间的结合关系，RNA结合蛋白免疫沉淀（RIP）实验验证LINC00462和MYC的结合关系。结果：数据库分析和qPCR实验结果显示，ABCC3在ccRCC组织和细胞中呈高表达，差异基因富集在糖酵解通路上。敲减或过表达ABCC3能够增加A-498细胞或降低786-O细胞对顺铂的敏感性，ABCC3可通过促进有氧糖酵解抑制A-498细胞对顺铂的敏感性，2-DG处理可以逆转过表达ABCC3对ccRCC细胞对顺铂敏感性的抑制作用。MYC可直接和ABCC3结合，LINC00462可招募转录因子MYC；敲低LINC00462可抑制ABCC3的表达，敲低LINC00462可抑制ccRCC细胞的有氧糖酵解，并提高其对顺铂敏感性；而进一步过表达ABCC3可逆转敲低LINC00462对ccRCC细胞有氧糖酵解的抑制作用和顺铂敏感性的提高。结论：LINC00462通过招募转录因子MYC激活ABCC3的表达促进ccRCC细胞的糖酵解，进而促进ccRCC细胞对顺铂敏感性。

[摘 要] 目的： 基于Hedgehog信号通路探讨石斛提取物毛兰素（erianin，ER）抑制结直肠癌HT29细胞上皮间质转化（EMT）和血管生成的作用机制。方法: 将HT29细胞分为空白对照组、ER-L（25 μg/mL）组、ER-M（50 μg/mL）组、ER-H（75 μg/mL）组、ER-H（75 μg/mL）+PM（Hedgehog通路激活剂，1.5 μmol/L）组。MTT法检测细胞增殖活力，克隆形成实验检测细胞克隆形成能力，划痕实验和Transwell实验检测细胞迁移与侵袭能力，血管拟态形成实验检测血管生成能力，WB法检测与EMT进程、Hedgehog信号通路和拟态血管生成相关蛋白质的表达。结果: HT29细胞增殖活性随着ER质量浓度的升高而逐渐降低（P<0.05）；与空白对照组比较，ER各组细胞克隆形成率、迁移与侵袭能力、血管形成能力、间质标志蛋白（N-cadherin、vimentin）、血管生成相关蛋白（VEGF、VE-cadherin）及Hedgehog通路相关蛋白（SHH、GLI1、SMO、c-Myc）表达均显著下降（均P<0.05），上皮标志蛋白（E-cadherin）、Hedgehog通路中融合蛋白抑制剂（SUFU）蛋白表达均显著上升（均P<0.05）；PM处理在一定程度上逆转了ER对于HT29细胞增殖、EMT和血管生成的抑制作用（均P<0.05）。结论: ER可以抑制结直肠癌HT29细胞的增殖、迁移与侵袭、EMT和血管生成，其机制可能与抑制Hedgehog信号通路激活有关。

Objective:b> To explore the difference in intensive care unit (ICU) readmission rate between high dependency unit (HDU) and general ward for the patients with severe liver disease (SLD), and reflect the effect of HDU on SLD patientse. Methods:b> A clinical cohort of patients transferred out of ICU was established, and patients with severe liver disease who were transferred to HDU& general ward from July 2017 to December 2021 in the intensive care Unit of the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital were continuously enrolled. The main liver function indexes and MELD scores between the two groups were compared. Analyze the differences in severity and ICU readmission rate of SLD patients transferred to different wards, and clarify the role of HDU in the management of SLD patient. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) was used to investigate the value of MELD score in predicting the occurrence of return to ICU. Results:b> The level of INR, TB, ALT and MELD scores of SLD patients transferred to HDU were significantly higher than those of patients transferred to general ward (all P < 0.05). MELD > 17 was found in 70.7% of SLD patients transferred to HDU group, while MELD ≤ 17 was found in 61.9% of SLD patients in general ward group. The ICU readmission rate of all patients in this cohort was 11.4%. By MELD quartile stratification, patients with SLD whose MELD > 23 had a significantly higher ICU readmission rate (20.0%) than those with SLD whose MELD ≤ 23 (8.6%) (P = 0.020). The ICU readmission rate was 8.2% when MELD ≤ 23 in the HDU group and 9.1% when MELD > 23, showing no significant difference (P = 1.000). The ICU readmission rate was 8.8% when MELD ≤ 23 in the general ward group. ICU reentry rate increased significantly to 36.4% when MELD > 23 (P = 0.001). MELD Score predicts that the optimal cut-off value of SLD patients in general ward readmitted to ICU was 23.5. Conclusion:b> The high dependency unit could better admit patients with SLD who were transferred out of ICU and required step-down treatment, and significantly reduced the ICU readmission rate of patients with SLD who were transferred out of ICU with MELD > 23. The patients with SLD and MELD score > 23 are suitable to be transferred from ICU to HDU.

[摘 要] 目的：采用生物信息学方法探索结肠癌组织中与焦亡相关的基因，并探讨其与预后的关系，为结肠癌患者提供新的治疗靶点。方法：分别从TCGA数据库、GEO数据库中下载结肠癌患者的基因表达、转录数据及临床数据。利用R软件提取出TCGA转录数据中细胞焦亡基因的表达量，并找到差异表达基因，构建差异表达基因的蛋白互作网络。采用单因素分析、聚类分析将基因进行分型，比较两种亚型之间生存差异，得到预后相关基因。然后通过Lasso回归分析、交叉验证及优化，得到基因系数（Coef系数），构建一种结肠癌预后的预测模型。根据该预测模型计算出TCGA样本的中位风险得分，将样本分为高、低风险组。以GEO样本作为验证组，分别对TCGA、GEO样本进行生存分析（Kaplan-Meier分析）、绘制ROC曲线、绘制风险曲线、PCA和t-SNE分析。结合模型中的风险评分，分别采用单因素及多因素分析来寻找结肠癌患者的独立预后因素。对高、低风险组进行GO和KEGG分析。最后行ssGSEA分析，对每个样本进行免疫细胞及免疫相关功能打分，得到高、低风险组之间免疫细胞及免疫细胞相关功能的差异。结果：共鉴定了52个焦亡基因在结肠癌及正常结肠组织中的表达，筛选出40个差异基因。通过Cox回归和Lasso回归分析，构建了一个基于15个基因的结肠癌预后风险预测模型，并将结肠癌患者分为高、低风险两组，两组之间生存有明显差异（P<0.001）。根据预测模型计算出TCGA样本的风险评分，并得到的中位风险评分，利用GEO数据库结肠癌患者进行验证，结果显示高低风险组之间生存率存在明显差异（P=0.013）。发现预测模型计算出的风险评分是预测结肠癌患者生存的独立预后因素。对差异基因进行GO富集分析、KEGG富集分析、ssGSEA分析结果显示，高风险组患者免疫细胞浸润明显减少。结论：通过生物学信息方法构建了一个基于15个基因的结肠癌患者预后风险预测模型，这些基因在结肠癌免疫中也发挥重要作用。