In order to examine whether repeated sciatic nerve blocks showed tachyphylaxis and continuity of sciatic nerve with spinal cord affected development of tachyphylaxis when assayed in vivo by duration of depression compound action potentials (CAP), rats were anesthetized with halothane, ventilated, monitored and supported with stable hemodynamics and temperature. Posterior tibial nerve distally and sciatic nerve in thigh were exposed, placed on bipolar silver electrodes for stimulation and recording respectively. Three sequential sciatic nerve blocks were performed between these electrodes using 0.15 ml of 3% chloroprocaine. Nine rats were chosen to observe the effects of repeated sciatic nerve blocks on CAP. In another 18 rats, a second investigator exposed the sciatic nerve near its origin at spinal cord and randomly performed nerve cut and sham (n=9), and closed the incision blinding the electrophysiologic investigator. The results showed that electrical stimulated tibial nerve induced sciatic nerve Aalpha/beta, Adelta, C fiber mediated CAP waves. CAP amplitudes were remained stable during whole experimental procedure. CAP amplitudes were decreased completely with 3% chloroprocaine blocked sciatic nerve and recovered fully. The duration of CAP depression were reduced with repeated blocks. There were no selective blocked effects on Aalpha/beta, Adelta, C fiber mediated CAP. With sciatic nerve cut proximally, there was no statistical significant tachyphylaxis with 3% chloroprocaine repeated blocked sciatic nerve, and the duration of first and third blocked Adelta fiber mediated CAP was 108+/-20 and 92+/-14 min respectively (P>0.05). In normal rats the duration of first and third blocked Adelta fiber mediated CAP was 110+/-20 and 75+/-16 min respectively (P<0.05). It was suggested that tachyphylaxis to local anesthetics can occur in rats repeated blocked sciatic nerve when assayed in vivo by duration of depression CAP. The continuity of sciatic nerve with spinal cord is one of the important factors affecting the development of tachyphylaxis.
Anesthetics, Local/*administration & dosage ; Nerve Block ; Procaine/administration & dosage ; Procaine/analogs & derivatives ; Sciatic Nerve ; *Tachyphylaxis/physiology

The study summarizes the clinical experience of surgical treatments of various types of thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Clinical data of 122 patients with thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection during July 2005 to July 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. The elective operations were performed in 107 patients while emergency surgery was done in 15 cases. Different surgical strategies were employed on the basis of diseased region, including simple ascending aortic replacement (n=3), aortic root replacement (n=43), hemi-arch replacement /total arch replacement+elephant trunk technique (n=32), thoracic/thoracoabdominal aortic replacement (n=8) and endovascular repair (n=36). In this series, there is 4 cases of perioperative death due to massive cerebral hemorrhage (n=1), respiratory failure (n=1) and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) (n=2). Three cases developed post-operative massive cerebral infarction and the relatives of the patients abandoned treatment. Instant success rate of endovascular repair was 100%. The intimal rupture was sealed. Blood flow was unobstructed in true lumen and no false lumen was visualized. It was concluded that aggressive surgery should be considered in the patients with thoracic aneurysm and aortic dissection. Surgical procedures should vary with the location and the nature of the lesions.
Aneurysm, Dissecting/*surgery ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic/*surgery ; Retrospective Studies ; Vascular Surgical Procedures/methods ; Young Adult

Objective: To study the clinical application value of B-ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic cystic hydatid disease. Methods: From June 2017 to July 2017, 400 suspected patients with hepatic cystic hydatid disease in the Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Zhoushan were screened in Tibet.All the patients were examined by CT and B-ultrasound.Two CT diagnostics experienced in CT diagnosis and two ultrasound doctors experienced in ultrasound diagnosis were selected to analyze the CT images, B-ultrasound images of the patients, and make the diagnosis.The results of operation or serological examination(clinical diagnosis) were used as the reference.The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT, B-ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic cystic hydatid disease were calculated and compared.The consistency between CT, B-ultrasound diagnosis and clinical diagnosis of hepatic cystic hydatid disease was analyzed by consistency test.According to the results of clinical diagnosis, the patients with hepatic cystic hydatid disease were divided into simple cyst type, multiple cyst type, daughter cyst cysts type, cyst calcification type and cyst solid type.The diagnostic coincidence rate of CT, B-ultrasound for different types of hepatic cystic hydatid disease was compared. Results: A total of 358 cases were confirmed as hepatic cystic echinococcosis by operation and serological examination, and the remaining 42 cases were confirmed as hepatic bubble echinococcosis.The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT in the diagnosis of liver cystic echinococcosis were 94.13%, 83.33%, 93.00%, respectively, which were lower than those of B-ultrasound (98.88%, 97.62% and 98.75%) (χ²=11.978, 4.974, 16.720, all P<0.05). According to the consistency test, the consistency coefficient(Kappa) of CT and B-ultrasound in the diagnosis of hepatic cystic echinococcosis was 0.549 and 0.713, respectively, and the diagnostic consistency between B-ultrasound and clinical diagnosis was better than CT.The diagnostic coincidence rates of B-ultrasound for hepatic cystic echinococcosis of simple cyst type, multiple cyst type, descendant cyst type and cyst consolidation type was higher than those of CT(χ²=13.832, 6.747, 6.331, 5.008, all P<0.05). The diagnostic coincidence rate of B-ultrasound and CT for calcified hepatic cystic echinococcosis had no statistically significant difference (χ²=0.213, P>0.05). Conclusion B-ultrasound can accurately diagnose hepatic cystic hydatid disease and can be used as the first choice for diagnosis of hepatic cystic hydatid disease, and B-ultrasound can also differentiate different types of hepatic cystic hydatid disease.The diagnostic value is significant.

Objective To investigate the diagnosis and differential diagnosis value of benign and malignant thyroid ul-trasound nodules. Methods A retrospective analysis of the sonographic manifestations and CDFI showed changes of hemodynamic parameters of 60 patients with benign and malignant thyroid nodules confirmed by pathology from Jan-uary 2009 to January 2014 in our hospital. Results Sixty patients included benign lesions 48 cases (50 nodules),26 cases nodular goiter, 22 cases thyroid adenoma; malignant lesions in 12 cases (14 nodules), included papillary thyroid carcinoma 10 patients, follicular carcinoma 1 case, metastatic carcinoma 1 case. 48 cases of benign nodules blood dy-namics grade 0 10 cases, grade Ⅰ 30 cases, grade Ⅱ 7 cases, grade Ⅲ 1 case, in which the following grade Ⅱ(83.3%);12 cases of malignant nodules hemodynamic classification grade 0 0 cases, grade Ⅰ1 case, gradeⅡ3 cas-es, grade Ⅲ 8 cases, grade Ⅲ accounted for 75%. PSV, RI of malignant nodules group was significantly higher than benign nodules, EDV of malignant nodules group was significantly lower than benign nodules group, the difference was significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Benign and malignant thyroid nodules ultrasound diagnosis is based on two-dimen-sional ultrasound should be performance-based, combined with color doppler flow imaging and pathology can improve the accuracy of diagnosis. Therefore, familiar with the sonographic appearance of thyroid nodules and differential points, and closely linked to a comprehensive analysis of the clinical data , in order to reduce the incidence of misdiag-nosis.

<b>Objective:b> To understand the prevalence, trend and related factors on soil-borne nematode in Danzhou city to provide information for prevention and control of the disease. <b>Methods:b> According to the guidelines set by the National National soil-borne nematode technical solutions, one village was randomly chosen from every township as the monitoring location, in the east, west, south and north parts of Danzhou city. A total of 200 residents aged 3 years and over were randomly selected in each monitoring site, with modified Kato thick smear and Cellophane tape anal swab used for microscopy. <b>Results:b> In this survey, we retrospectively analyzed the rates on soil borne nematode infection in five monitoring locations of Danzhou city and the results showed that the overall positive rates of infection was 19.5% (195/1 000). Comparing with the previous surveys, rates on soil-borne parasites infection were decreasing. The main types of soil-borne nematode infection appeared as roundworm, whipworm, hookworm and pinworm in Danzhou city, with rate of hookworm-egg infection ranking the highest (42.5%, 85/200) in Dacheng. The infection rate was seen significantly higher in females than males. People aged over 60 and between 3-10, had a higher rates of infection. Rate on multiple infections reached 16.9%, including 5 triple infection cases. <b>Conclusion:b> Rates of infection on soil-borne nematodes in Danzhou city showed a decreasing trend from 2013 to 2016 with hookworm and whipworm as the major ones.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Age Distribution ; Aged ; Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China/epidemiology* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nematoda/isolation & purification* ; Nematode Infections/epidemiology* ; Prevalence ; Retrospective Studies ; Serogroup ; Soil ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Eukaryotic genomes encode thousands of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which play cru-cial roles in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. Accumulating evidence indicates that ncRNAs, especially microRNAs (miRNAs) and long ncRNAs (lncRNAs), have emerged as key regulatory molecules in plant stress responses. In this review, we have summa-rized the current progress on the understanding of plant miRNA and lncRNA identification, characteristics, bioinformatics tools, and resources, and provided examples of mechanisms of miRNA-and lncRNA-mediated plant stress tolerance.

Postural control plays a crucial role in maintaining posture stability and improving performance efficiency. It involves involuntary and voluntary components. There is not a unified model for assessment of voluntary postural control. Based on the research framework of voluntary postural control, this paper reviewed three common voluntary postural control assessment tools (Timed "Up and Go" Test, Balance Evaluation System Test and Unified Balance Scale). The Timed “Up and Go” Test contains various capabilities which are recommended by the framework. There are few restrictions on the facilities and test circumstance, and it can be used in different populations. Balance Evaluation System Test consists of three different versions; each of them has high structure validity and shows different characteristics in the evaluation of voluntary postural control. The items of Unified Balance Scale also cover most of capabilities provided by the framework, and there are quality control methods in the scale. These tools would be selected according to purpose, occasion and time of study, or used in combination.

[Abstract] Objective: To investigate the effect of miR-3195 on the proliferation of laryngeal carcinoma Hep-2 cells and its molecular mechanism. Methods: From January 2008 to August 2012, the laryngeal cancer tissues and their corresponding paracancerous tissues from 29 patients with laryngeal cancer who were admitted to the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Chenzhou First People's Hospital Affiliated to teaching hospital of University of South China were selected for this study. qPCR was used to detect the expression of miR-3195 in laryngeal carcinoma and the paracancerous tissues; Hep-2 cell line with stable and high expression of miR-3195 was constructed. The proliferation of miR-3195 over-expressed Hep-2 cells and the control cells was observed by MTT method. A nude mouse xenograft model was established to observe the proliferation of miR-3195 overexpressed Hep-2 cells in nude mice. Bioinformatics tools were used to predict the target gene of miR-3195; the luciferase vector of TBX1 3'UTR was constructed, and its luciferase activity was examined with dual luciferase detection system; Western blotting was used to detect the TBX1 protein expression in miR-3195 over-expressed cells and control cells. Results: The expression of miR-3195 in laryngeal carcinoma tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancerous tissues (P<0.01); miR-3195 up-regulation could inhibit the proliferation of Hep-2 cells (P<0.01) and significantly inhibit the growth of transplanted tumors in nude mice (P<0.05); The results of the Dual luciferase reporter gene assay indicated that miR-3195 might targetedly bind to TBX1 (P<0.05), and Western blotting proved that miR-3195 could inhibit the expression of TBX1 protein (P<0.05). Conclusion: miR-3195 has a significant inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Hep-2 cells, and its molecular mechanism may be related to the negative regulation of TBX1 expression.

[摘 要] 目的：探讨干扰四个半LIM结构域蛋白2（FHL2）的表达对胶质母细胞瘤U87细胞中O6-甲基鸟嘌呤DNA甲基转移酶(MGMT) 表达的影响，以及对U87细胞替莫唑胺（TMZ）耐药性的影响。方法：利用慢病毒感染技术分别将携带不同FHL2干扰序列的慢病毒（shFHL2-1#、shFHL2-4#）及其阴性对照（shN）感染U87细胞，分别命名为shFHL2-1#、shFHL2-4#和shN组；采用siRNA转染技术将siMGMT-1#、siMGMT-4#和siN转染至U87细胞，为siMGMT-1#、siMGMT-4#和siN组，qPCR和WB法验证FHL2或MGMT的敲低效果。用TMZ处理上述各组细胞（以DMSO处理组为对照），随后以CCK-8法和细胞克隆形成实验检测TMZ处理前后FHL2或MGMT敲低组细胞的增殖情况，FCM检测TMZ处理前后FHL2敲低组细胞的凋亡情况，WB法和免疫荧光法检测敲低FHL2对U87细胞中MGMT表达的影响，WB法检测TMZ处理对各组细胞中FHL2和MGMT表达水平的影响。结果：成功构建敲低FHL2或MGMT表达的U87细胞。与shN组相比，shFHL2-1#、shFHL2-4#组U87细胞的增殖能力减弱、凋亡水平升高（均P<0.01），MGMT表达水平明显降低（均P<0.01）。经TMZ处理后，与相应的DMSO处理组相比，shN组细胞中FHL2和MGMT的表达水平显著升高（均P<0.05），而细胞的增殖和凋亡均无显著变化（均P>0.05）；shFHL2-1#、shFHL2-4#组细胞中FHL2和MGMT的表达水平无显著改变（均P>0.05），但细胞增殖能力进一步显著降低、凋亡水平进一步显著升高（均P<0.01）。敲低MGMT使U87细胞增殖减慢（P<0.01），而siMGMT-1#、siMGMT-4#组细胞经TMZ处理后增殖能力进一步降低（均P<0.01）。结论：干扰FHL2表达使得U87细胞增殖减慢而凋亡加剧、MGMT表达下调，提示FHL2可能通过影响MGMT的表达调控U87细胞对TMZ的耐药性。

Objective: To explore the application value of B-ultrasound examination in gynecological acute abdomen. Methods: From October 2015 to October 2017, 150 patients with suspected gynecological acute abdomen were selected in the People's Hospital of Lishui.The effect of B-ultrasound examination in diagnosis of gynecological acute abdomen was analyzed. Results: The sensitivity, specificity and total accuracy of abdominal ultrasound in the diagnosis of gynecological acute abdomen were 75.00%(99/132), 44.44%(8/18) and 71.33%(107/150), respectively.The sensitivity, specificity and total accuracy of transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of gynecological acute abdomen were 87.12%(115/132), 72.22%(13/18) and 85.33%(128/150), respectively.The sensitivity, specificity and total accuracy of abdominal combined with transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of gynecological acute abdomen were 98.48%(130/132), 94.44%(17/18) and 98.00%(147/150), respectively.The sensitivity, specificity and total accuracy of abdominal combined with transvaginal ultrasound in the diagnosis of gynecological acute abdomen were significantly higher than those of abdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound(χ²=8.658, 10.699, 9.075, all P<0.05). The diagnosis of acute pelvic inflammation, ectopic pregnancy, rupture of luteal cyst and torsion of ovarian cyst by abdominal combined with transvaginal ultrasound was better than abdominal ultrasound(χ²=13.748, 5.984, 13.524, 6.874, all P<0.05). Conclusion Abdominal ultrasound and transvaginal ultrasound can be used to diagnose gynecological acute abdomen.However, abdominal combined with vaginal ultrasound is more effective in the diagnosis of gynecological acute abdomen, and it can effectively improve the accuracy of diagnosis.