No abstract available.
Axons* ; Leukocytosis* ; Myelitis*

No abstract available.
Axons* ; Leptospirosis* ; Polyneuropathies*

After a long-term co-evolution, alphaherpesviruses have established mutual adaptability with their hosts. Some alphaherpesviruses have typical neurotropic characteristics, which have received extensive attention and in-depth research. Neurotropic alphaherpesviruses can break through the host barrier to infect neurons and multiply in large numbers in the neuron cell body to complete further proliferation or establish latent infection in the cell body. Either in the process of infecting neurons or further spreading, alphaherpesviruses will undergo transmission along axons or dendrites, so this process is an integral part of the life cycle of the viruses, and is also a key factor for the viruses to spread in nervous system. Therefore, studies on transportation of alphaherpesviruses in neurons will provide new insights of the viruses and promote the development of corresponding vaccines or targeted therapeutic pharmaceuticals. In addition, the neurotropism of alphaherpesviruses is conducive to the analysis of nerve circuits. Herein, the mechanisms of alphaherpesvirus transport in axons were reviewed, and the research direction and application of the transport of alphaherpesviruses in axons were put forward, which can provide reference for the prevention and control of alphaherpesviral infections.
Alphaherpesvirinae ; Axons ; Neurons

No abstract available.
Axons ; Reflex ; Sweating, Gustatory

No abstract available.
Axons ; Hand ; Humans

This study was performed to identify the expression of neurofilament in sensory nerve of human cornea. The three normal corneal tissues were dissected. Monoclonal antibody to neurofilament protein were used to visualize the corneal nerve. The one normal cornea was examined to observe the corneal nerve with electron rnicroscope. Transmission electron rnicroscope showed that the corneal nerve contained the neurofilament within the axon. The indirect iinmunofluorescent techniques revealed the expression of neurofilament in corneal stroma. The results of this study show that immunofluorescent technique may useful method in identification of sensory nerve of human cornea, and make it easy for us to visualize corneal innervation pattern in flat section by using of antibody to neurofilament protein.
Axons ; Cornea* ; Corneal Stroma ; Humans*

Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP) is a subtype of dominantly inherited leukoencephalopathies caused by novel CSF1R gene mutation predominantly affecting the cerebral white matter. High signal lesions on diffusion weighted image (DWI) are characteristic. Herein, we describe a patent with ALSP with a novel mutation. The patient had persistent DWI lesions, worsening white matter changes associated with rapidly progressive clinical symptoms.
Axons ; Diffusion ; Humans ; Leukoencephalopathies ; Neuroglia ; White Matter

BACKGROUND: An experimental study was done to compare the efficacy of inside-out vein graft versus autogenous nerve graft as nerve conduit in promoting axonal regeneration in a rat model.

METHODS: The study used 16 Spraque-Dawley rats randomly divided into two groups: the inside-out vein graft group and control group (autognous nerve graft). The outcomes measured were histomorphology (axon number and diameter), muscle twitch response (amplitude) and the walking track analysis at 2, 4 6 and 8 weeks.

RESULTS: The inverted vein graft and control groups showed similar axon diameter (P=0.76), and axon number (P=0.85), weeks and similar muscle twitch responses (P=0.87) after eight weeks. The walking track analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups at eight weeks.

CONCLUSION: The study showed that the inside-out vein graft group had similar motor recovery as compared to control group based on the muscle twitch analysis and walking track analysis in a rat model.In terms of histomorphometric analysis, the two groups were similar in terms of axon diameter and axon count.

The cerebellum is conceptualized as a processor of complex movements and is also endowed with roles in cognitive and emotional behaviors. Although the axons of deep cerebellar nuclei are known to project to primary thalamic nuclei, macroscopic investigation of the characteristics of these projections, such as the spatial distribution of recipient zones, is lacking. Here, we studied the output of the cerebellar interposed nucleus (IpN) to the ventrolateral (VL) and centrolateral (CL) thalamic nuclei using electrophysiological recording in vivo and trans-synaptic viral tracing. We found that IpN stimulation induced mono-synaptic evoked potentials (EPs) in the VL but not the CL region. Furthermore, both the EPs induced by the IpN and the innervation of IpN projections displayed substantial heterogeneity across the VL region in three-dimensional space. These findings indicate that the recipient zones of IpN inputs vary between and within thalamic nuclei and may differentially control thalamo-cortical networks.
Axons ; Cerebellar Nuclei ; Cerebellum ; Thalamic Nuclei

Delayed peripheral polyneuropathy caused by organophosphorus intoxication is not uncommon. This is a case report of 32 years old female with peripheral polyneuropathy which is appeared two weeks after organophosphorus poisoning. It is characterized by calves pain followed by minmal sensory change and predominant motor weakness affecting the distal part of the limbs. The electrophysiologic and pathologic studies support the clinical diagnosis. The exact pathogenesis is still debated, but phosphorylation of neurotoxic esterase (NTE), followed by "aging" process was suspected to play a role in the development of axonal degeneration.
Adult ; Axons ; Diagnosis ; Extremities ; Female ; Humans ; Organophosphate Poisoning ; Phosphorylation ; Polyneuropathies*