1.Compression of Brachial Vein between Two Lateral Roots of Median Nerve -A Case Report
Ameet KJ ; Mamatha T ; Rajalakshmi R ; Vasudha VS
Journal of Surgical Academia 2015;5(2):44-46
During gross anatomy dissection, variation in the formation of median nerve of the upper limb was discovered in the
right upper extremity of a 57-year-old male cadaver. Three roots contributed to the formation of median nerve
instead of usual two roots i.e. two lateral roots and one medial root. After being formed the median nerve descended
medial to the axillary artery. Between the two lateral roots brachial vein passed to open into the axillary vein.
Anatomical variations in the formation of nerves and their unusual relationship to the surrounding structures can be
the cause of nerve compression syndromes and vascular problems.
Axillary Artery
;
Axillary Vein
2.Unusual Branching Pattern of Axillary and Brachial Arteries in the Right Upper Limb – A Case Report
Surekha DS ; Nayak SB ; Prasad AM ; Srinivas RS ; Cilwyn SB
Journal of Surgical Academia 2015;5(2):47-50
Variations of the vascular pattern of proximal part of the upper arm are very common. Knowledge of anomalies in
the origin and course of principal arteries is important for the vascular radiologists and surgeons. Several variations
of the axillary artery, brachial artery and theirs branches have been reported. We found a common trunk (about 3cm
long) of lateral thoracic and subscapular arteries from the axillary artery and a common trunk (about 4cm long) of
posterior circumflex humeral and profunda brachii arteries from brachial artery. The profunda brachii artery ran
downwards along with radial nerve and entered the radial groove. The posterior circumflex humeral artery hooked
around the aponeurosis of latissimus dorsi muscle and supplied its usual area around the glenohumeral joint.
Axillary Artery
;
Branchial Artery
3.A Morphological Study of the Branches of the Axillary Artery in Korean Female.
Hyun Shik KIM ; Kyung Yong KIM ; Won Bok LEE ; Dong Chang KIM
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 1989;2(2):87-94
The branches of the axillary artery have been studied in 38 Korean female cadavers. 1. The superior thoracic artery arose from the first part and the second part of the axillary artery in 84% of sides. 2. The thoracoacromial artery arose from the axillary artery near the superomedial border of the axillaly artery more often (91%) than from any other source. 3. The lateral thoracic artery was found on 64% of the sides as a main axillary artery, usually arising from the second part of the axillary artery(61%). It arose from the subscapular artery in 28%. 4. The subscapular artery was seen as the lagrgest of the axillary artery. It arose from the second part (42%) and the third (58%) of the axillary artery. 5. The posterior circumflex humeral artery was a direct branch of the third part of axillary artery in 37% of sides. In 21% fo sides the posterior circumflex humeral artery arose by a common stem from the third part of the axillary artery. In 33% of sides the posterior circumflex humeral artery arose from the subscapular artery. 6. The anterior circumflex humeral artery was found more constantly at the third part of the axillary artery than the posterior circumflex humeral artery was. It arose from a direct branch of the third part of the axillary artery in 70% of sides.
Arteries
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Axillary Artery*
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Cadaver
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Female*
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Humans
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Thoracic Arteries
4.Variation of the Subscapular Artery According to Branching Pattern of the Axillary Artery.
Seung Beom PARK ; Jae Ho LEE ; In Jang CHOI ; Woo Ik CHOI ; Sang Chan JIN
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 2017;30(3):71-76
The axillary artery (AA) is often referred to as having three parts, with these divisions based on its location relative to the pectoralis minor muscle. In third part, AA gives off the subscapular (SSA), anterior circumflex humeral, and posterior circumflex humeral arteries (PCHA). However, variations in these arteries were extremely diverse. So, we observed actually some branching patterns of these arteries in this study. METHOD: We studied the pattern of SSA in 128 upper limbs from donated cadavers. RESULT: SSA was originated directly from the third and second parts of AA in 37.5% (48/128) and 4.7% (6/128), respectively. A PCHA made a common trunk with SSA in 25.8% (33/128), and these trunks arose from the third and second parts of AA in 21.1% (27/128) and 4.7% (6/128), respectively. A lateral thoracic artery (LTA) arose from SSA in 12.5% (16/128), and these were originated from the third and second parts of AA in 4.7% (6/128) and 7.8% (10/128), respectively. In 19.5% (25/128) of upper limbs, LTA, SSA, and PCHA have a common trunk, and these arose from the third and second parts of AA in 12.5% (16/128) and 7.0% (9/128), respectively. According to the branching pattern of the SSA, its origin was significantly different.
Arteries*
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Axillary Artery*
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Cadaver
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Methods
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Thoracic Arteries
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Upper Extremity
5.Axillary artery thrombosis with anteroinferior shoulder dislocation: a rare case report and review of literature.
Sushil S RANGDAL ; Shashidhar B KANTHARAJANNA ; Singh DALJIT ; Vikas BACHHAL ; Nirmal RAJ ; Vibhu KRISHNAN ; Vijay GONI ; Mandeep Singh DHILLON
Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2012;15(4):244-248
A very rare and serious complication of shoulder dislocation is a lesion to the axillary artery in the elderly population, whose vascular structures have become less flexible. Axillary artery injury secondary to anteroinferior shoulder dislocation is much rarer, especially in the young people. Proper recognition and treatment of this entity offers a full recovery to the patient. Present report highlights the possibility of axillary artery injury with anteroinferior shoulder dislocation. A few case reports and small case series of this injury have been reviewed. And recommendations for management have been brought up to date, in line with current thinking.
Axillary Artery
;
injuries
;
Embolism
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Humans
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Shoulder Dislocation
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Thoracic Injuries
;
Thrombosis
6.A Case of Superficial Brachial Artery.
Ho Suck KANG ; Byung Pil CHO ; Ji Won KIM ; Dae Yong SONG
Korean Journal of Physical Anthropology 2000;13(1):21-30
We observed a case of superficial brachial artery in the left arm of a Korean male cadaver. It was compared with the previously reported ones, and its characteristics were summarized as follows. 1. The superficial brachial artery, which arose from the axillary artery at the superior border of the teres major muscle, passed in front of the medial root of the median nerve and subsequently became to lie on the medial side of the median nerve. This artery crossed the median nerve anteriorly in the middle of the upper arm, then lay lateral to the median nerve in the lower part of the upper arm to the cubital fossa. 2. After giving off the deep brachial artery, several muscular branches and inferior ulnar collateral artery, the superficial brachial artery terminated in the cubital fossa by dividing into its two terminal branches, the radial and ulnar arteries. The superior ulnar collateral artery arose from the deep brachial artery, and the common interosseous artery from the ulnar artery. The course and distribution of the ulnar and radial arteries were normal. 3. It has been reported that a deeper artery, which takes the normal course of the brachial artery and continues as the common interosseous artery, usually coexists with the superficial brachial artery, even if the superficial brachial artery gives off both radial and ulnar arteries in the cubital fossa. But in our case, there was no deeper artery which passes deep to the median nerve. 4. It was presumed that this type of variation is produced by an unusual development of the superficial brachial artery that has been formed during early development as the main artery at the cost of complete degeneration of the normal brachial artery.
Arm
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Arteries
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Axillary Artery
;
Brachial Artery*
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Cadaver
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Humans
;
Male
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Median Nerve
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Radial Artery
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Ulnar Artery
7.Rare multiple variations in brachial plexus and related structures in the left upper limb of a Dravidian male cadaver.
David A EBENEZER ; Bertha A D RATHINAM
Anatomy & Cell Biology 2013;46(2):163-166
Anatomical variations of the nerves, muscles, and vessels in the upper limb have been described in many anatomical studies; however, the occurrence of 6 variations in an ipsilateral limb is very rare. These variations occur in the following structures: the pectoralis minimus muscle, the communication between the external jugular vein and cephalic vein, axillary arch, the Struthers ligament, the medial, lateral, and posterior cords of the brachial plexus, and the common arterial trunk from the third part of the axillary artery. The relationship of these variations to each other and their probable clinical presentation is discussed.
Axillary Artery
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Axillary Vein
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Brachial Plexus
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Cadaver
;
Extremities
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Humans
;
Jugular Veins
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Ligaments
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Male
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Median Nerve
;
Muscles
;
Upper Extremity
8.Endovascular repair of traumatic arteriovenous fistula between axillary artery and vein.
Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2014;17(2):112-114
Traumatic arteriovenous fistula between the axillary artery and vein may present a difficult problem in treatment. There are few reports demonstrating the endovascular repair of this challenge. Herein, we present such a case of endovascular repair of traumatic arteriovenous fistula between the axillary artery and vein with false aneurysm formation. The patient was discharged 11 days after successful operation. Oral clopidogrel and aspirin were administered for 18 months. At one year follow-up, the patient was in good condition and showed no evidence of neurological deficit in the left upper limb.
Adult
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Arteriovenous Fistula
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surgery
;
Axillary Artery
;
injuries
;
surgery
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Axillary Vein
;
injuries
;
surgery
;
Endovascular Procedures
;
methods
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Humans
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Male
9.Variation in the Division of the Axillary Artery : A Case Report.
Jae Ho LEE ; In Jang CHOI ; Dae Kwang KIM
Korean Journal of Anatomy 2009;42(1):69-71
Arterial variations in left upper limb were observed in an embalmed cadaver. The second part of the axillary artery divided into two stems, medial and lateral stems. The lateral stem was deeper than the medial one and the median nerve was located between these two stems. The lateral stem divided into five branches: the subscapular, two anterior circumflex humeral, a posterior circumflex humeral, and profunda brachii arteries. The medial stem adopted its course superficial to the median nerve, and then divided into the ulnar and radial arteries at elbow level. The present authors describe a previously unreported case and discuss the clinical implications of such a variant.
Arteries
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Axillary Artery
;
Brachial Artery
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Cadaver
;
Elbow
;
Median Nerve
;
Radial Artery
;
Upper Extremity
10.Risk of continuing planned surgery after endovascular repair of subclavian artery injury: a case report.
O Sun KWON ; Hyeon Jeong LEE ; Won Sung KIM ; Jung Min HONG ; Hyun Jun CHO
Korean Journal of Anesthesiology 2014;67(2):139-143
Endovascular repair with covered stents has been widely used to treat subclavian and axillary artery injuries and has produced promising early results. The possibility of a thromboembolism occurring in cerebral arteries during an endovascular procedure should be a cause for concern. In the case of endovascular management of arterial traumas, a prompt and sufficient period for check-up of the patient's neurological signs is needed, even if it requires postponing elective intervention for the patient's safety. We report a rare case of liver transplantation immediately after endovascular repair of an iatrogenic subclavian arterial injury to describe the risk of continuing planned surgery without neurologic assessment.
Axillary Artery
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Cerebral Arteries
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Cerebral Infarction
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Endovascular Procedures
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Liver Transplantation
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Stents
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Subclavian Artery*
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Thromboembolism