Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the effectiveness of myoinositol (MI) supplementation in the prevention of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) among high-risk patients. Materials and Methods: Comprehensive and systemic online searches were performed on PubMed, MEDLINE, Ovid, and Cochrane. Cross-referencing from related articles was also done. Only studies published in English were included in the study. We selected all randomized controlled trials on MI and singleton pregnant women with high risk for GDM. Data Collection and Analysis: Five randomized controlled trials were evaluated by two independent reviewers. For each comparison, the quality of evidence was assessed using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Cochrane Collaboration tool. Review Manager 5.3 was used to generate the risk of bias evaluation and the analysis of the results. Main Results: The present study identified five randomized controlled trials involving 871 participants. The comparison of the studies showed a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of GDM in MI supplementation versus the control group (odds ratio [OR] = 0.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.19–0.53, P = 0.0001, Z = 4.36) by 68%. Similarly, there is a greater reduction in the incidence of fetal macrosomia among patients in the MI group than the controlled group (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.07–0.78; P = 0.02, Z = 2.36) by 78%. However, there was no difference in terms of incidence of gestational hypertension (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.19–2.01; P = 0.42, Z = −0.81), cesarean section (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.65–1.22; P = 0.47, Z = 0.72), and neonatal hypoglycemia (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.01–8.80; P = 0.53, Z = 0.63) outcomes. Conclusion MI supplementation taken at 4 g daily would decrease the incidence of GDM and fetal macrosomia. There was no statistically significant reduction in the risk of gestational hypertension, cesarean section, and neonatal hypoglycemia in the supplementation of MI.
Cesarean section ; fetal macrosomia ; gestational diabetes mellitus ; gestational hypertension ; myoinositol ; neonatal hypoglycemia