OBJECTIVE：To provide sugge stions for improving the variety of pediatric drugs and ensuring the safety of pediatric drug use in China. METHODS ：The historical evolution of laws and regulations on the marketing approval of pediatric drugs in the United States and the implementation results of relevant policies were summarized. Combined with the current situation of the development of pediatric drugs in China ，some suggestions were put forward to ensure the accessibility and safety of pediatric drug use in China. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：Since 1994，the United States had issued a series of laws and regulations to encourage the development of pediatric drugs. At present ，the marketing approval of pediatric drugs were mainly based on the two laws of Best Pediatric Drug Act（BPCA）and Pediatric Research Equality Act （PREA）. From 1998 to 2019，the amount of supplements of pediatric drug information in drug instructions of the United States showed a fluctuating growth. As of April 2020，854 kinds of drugs had been modified in pediatric instructions ，792 of which had been carried out post marketing pediatric clinical research ，and the problem of incomplete pediatric instructions had also been greatly improved. At present ，China’s policies on pediatric drugs mainly included encouraging R&D innovation ，giving priority to review and approval ，and strengthening R&D technical guidance. Although certain achievements had been made ，there were still some problems ，such as imperfect policies and regulations ，and great difficulties carrying out pediatric drug clinical trials. It is suggested that our country should draw lessons from the American regulations on pediatric drugs ，pediatric research and the catalogue of pediatric drugs ，and establish a system and catalogue of ped iatric drug use suitable for China ’s national conditions ，so as to improve the effectiveness ，safety and accessibilityof pediatric drugs.

In 2019, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) broke out in China. The strictest prevention and control measures had been performed because of its high infectivity and mortality rate. Although the number of confirmed cases has decreased, it has not been eliminated. Neurosurgical doctors and nurses are facing the dual pressure resulting from the prevention and control of neurosurgical disease and novel coronavirus infection. Faced with the severe situation, we should standardize the methods of medical treatment and nursing process, so as to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infection among patients and their families in the hospital, and the occupational exposure of medical workers. We wrote the consensus in conjunction with Neural Intensive Nursing and Rehabilitation Group and Cerebral Protection in Cardiac Intensive Care Group, which is belonging to Neural Regeneration and Repair Committee of Chinese Association of Research Hospitals, and also including Nursing and Rehabilitation Group, which is belonging to Health Management Professional Committee Cell Biology Society of Liaoning Province. We referred to domestic and foreign research results and threw out suggestions for patient's receiving, prevention and control guidance, perioperative nursing, ward disinfection to provide reference for neurosurgical personnel, patients and their families.