Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a common cardiovascular symptom,divided into neurogenic and non-neurogenic categories according to pathophysiology,both of which are associated with impaired quality of life and potential adverse outcomes.Due to the complex influential factors,diagnosis and treatment often require multidisciplinary cooperation and individualization.But domestic doctors pay little attention to the diagnosis and treatment of OH.This consensus,co-authored by experts from relevant professional fields including cardiology,neurology and psychology,systematically describes the concept,pathophysiology,classification and clinical characteristics of OH.The recommendations on the diagnosis,evaluation and treatment of OH were put forward to improve the attention of clinicians to OH and their ability of diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVE To provide guidance for the scientific and standardized application of artificial intelligence （AI） technology in supporting pharmaceutical care services， and to promote the high-quality development of pharmaceutical care. METHODS Using keywords such as “artificial intelligence” and “pharmaceutical care”， a comprehensive search was conducted across domestic and international databases and relevant policy documents. Drawing upon practical experience in AI-assisted pharmaceutical care services in China， a consensus framework and preliminary recommendations were drafted. Consensus was defined as agreement by 70% or more of expert panel members. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS Through two rounds of the Delphi method and multiple rounds of discussions， 23 strong recommendations （approval rate ＞90%） were formulated. These address the definition， scope， objectives， multiple application scenarios （including pharmaceutical outpatient， medication reconciliation， medication education， adverse drug event prediction and monitoring， home-based pharmaceutical care services， and drug supply）， ethical considerations and accountability， challenges encountered， and quality control recommendations for AI-assisted pharmaceutical care. Intended for use by professional technical staff engaged in pharmaceutical care， managers， and AI technology developers within healthcare institutions， these recommendations provide guidance for the practice of pharmaceutical care in the era of AI.

As cardiovascular disease(CVD)incidence and mortality rates continue to rise in China,the importance of identifying and managing CVD risk factors grows.Obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)is a prevalent sleep-related breathing disorder,affecting an estimated 936 million individuals aged 30-69 worldwide,with China leading globally with 176 million affected.Increasing research indicates a close association between OSA and the onset and progression of various CVD,significantly affecting outcomes.However,OSA has long been underrecognized and undertreated in CVD clinical practice.To address this,National Expert Commission for Cardiovascular Diseases,Cardiovascular Group,Chinese Academy Society of Sleep Medicine,Chinese Medical Doctor Association,and Geriatric Sleep Disorders and Cardiopulmonary Group,Division of Sleep Science and Technology,China Association of Gerontology and Geriatrics convened multidisplinary experts to formulate the"Expert Consensus on the Evaluation and Management of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Patients With Cardiovascular Diseases(2024 Edition)".This consensus addresses core clinical issues such as screening,diagnosis,treatment,and follow-up of CVD patients with OSA.It offers 17 recommendations on common clinical questions,based on current evidence-based medicine,following extensive discussions and votes,aiming to standardize the assessment and management of OSA in Chinese CVD patients,support clinical decision-making,and improve clinical care and service quality.

Since December 2019, a series of highly infectious cases of unexplained pneumonia have been discovered in Wuhan, Hubei Province, which have been confirmed as '2019 corona virus disease' caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). SARS-CoV-2 virus can invade many human systems including the lungs. Patients with central nervous system involvement may show a series of neurological symptoms, which is easy to be misdiagnosed and neglected, thereby increasing the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Hereditary ataxia is a large group of neurodegenerative diseases with great clinical and genetic heterogeneity and high mortality and disability. In view of the seriousness of the COVID-19 epidemic, a series of prevention and control measures adopted by the government have restricted the follow-up, diagnosis and treatment of patients by the hospitals, which has a great impact on their mental and physical health. In order to standardize the management of patients during the prevention and control of COVID-19 epidemic, the Specialized Committee of Neurogenetics of the Neurophysician Branch of Chinese Medical Doctor Association has formulated this consensus, with an aim to help patients to overcome the difficulties and pass the epidemic prevention period safely.
Betacoronavirus ; China ; epidemiology ; Consensus ; Coronavirus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; Epidemics ; Health Status ; Humans ; Mental Health ; Nervous System Diseases ; virology ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; complications ; epidemiology ; Spinocerebellar Degenerations ; complications ; diagnosis ; prevention & control ; therapy

OBJECTIVE To further standardize the dispensing management standard of intravenous infusion drugs for clinical trials in pharmacy intravenous admixture services （PIVAS）， and provide reference for medical institutions to provide high-quality pharmaceutical services. METHODS Initiated by PIVAS Group， Hospital Pharmacy Professional Committee， Shanghai Pharmaceutical Association， jointly led by Longhua Hospital， Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Shanghai Geriatric Medical Center， a writing group was established by PIVAS experts from multiple medical institutions to discuss the basic requirements and dispensing process of intravenous infusion drugs for clinical trials in PIVAS. The experts from the leading unit sorted out， summarized， analyzed， fed back and revised the opinions， and finally reached Expert Consensus on Dispensing Management of Intravenous Infusion Drugs for Clinical Trials in PIVAS. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS The main contents of this consensus include information management， operation process， fund management and document management of intravenous infusion drugs for clinical trials in PIVAS. This consensus establishes a more standardized model for dispensing management of intravenous infusion drugs for clinical trials in PIVAS， by standardizing clinical trail drug management operational procedures， accurately recording and preserving drug-related information， with the aim of achieving standardized and meticulous management of PIVAS’s receipt of clinical trial drugs.