100 white mice were divided in two groups, 50 mice for each one. The experimental group was exposed to Bassa 50EC with dose of 30 mg/kg body weight orally during 60 days. The other one was taken distilled water with a similar dose and time. The results showed that SGOT and SGPT enzyme activities in blood of experimental mice increased after exposing to Bassa.
Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Alanine Transaminase ; blood

The hypotensive effect of tripamide(Normonal(R)) were evaluated in 31 cases of essential hypertension. Fifteen to thirty mg of tripamide per day were administered continuously for 8 weeks. The results were as follows; 1) The systolic blood pressure was significantly lowered from 175+/-15 mmHg(Mean+/-SD) before treatment to 144+/-17 mmHg after treatment(p<0.01), and the diastolic blood pressure was significantly lowered from 106+/-11 mmHg before treatment to 90+/-12 mmHg after treatment(p<0.01). 2) The systolic blood pressure was lowered 20 mmHg or more in 25 out of 31 cases(80.7%), and the diastolic blood pressure was decreased 10 mmHg or more in 25 out of 31 cases(80.7%) at the end of 8 weeks treatement. 3) There was no significantl differences in the level of SGOT, serum cholesterol, serum electrolytes(Na+, K+, Cl-), BUN, creatinine and urinc acid before and after treatment with tripamide. 4) In most cases the subjective symptoms disappeared or became easier after tripamide treatment. 5) Profound weakness was developed in 2 cases during tripamide administration.
Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Creatinine ; Hypertension*

To maintain the precision and stability of the efficacy of classical formulas, this study compared the origins and specifications of Bupleuri Radix and revealed the precise application regularity of Bupleurum chinense(Beichaihu) and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium(Nanchaihu) in classical formulas. The efficacy and indications of formulas with Bupleuri Radix as the sovereign drug in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases(Shang Han Za Bing Lun) were investigated. The difference in the efficacy of Bupleuri Radix as well as the differences in the chemical composition, and liver-protecting and lipid-lowering effects of the decoctions of Beichaihu and Nanchaihu were analyzed with LC-MS technology based on the CCl_4-induced liver injury model in mice and sodium oleate-induced HepG2 hyperlipidemia cell model. The results showed that seven classical formulas with Bupleuri Radix as the sovereign drug in the Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases were mainly used in the treatment of digestive, metabolic, immune, circulatory, and other diseases. Bupleuri Radix mainly played the functions of protecting the liver, benefiting the gallbladder, and lowering the lipid, and had different focuses in different formulas. There were 14 differential components in the decoctions of Beichaihu and Nanchaihu, and the chemical structures of 11 components were identified, including 10 saponins and one flavonoid. The results of the liver-protecting efficacy experiment showed that compared with the Nanchaihu decoction, Beichaihu decoction could reduce the serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST) activity in liver injury model mice(P<0.01). The results of the lipid-lowering efficacy experiment proved that Beichaihu and Nanchaihu decoctions both showed highly significant differences in lowering the total cholesterol(TC) and triglyceride(TG) content in HepG2 cells(P<0.01), and Nanchaihu decoction was superior to Beichaihu decoction in lowering the lipid. The results of this study preliminarily proved that there were differences in chemical composition, and liver-protecting and lipid-lowering effects of Beichaihu and Nanchaihu decoctions, indicating that it was necessary to determine the precise origin of Bupleuri Radix in the clinical formulation of traditional Chinese medicine. The study provides a scientific basis for both precise clinical medication and purpose-based accurate quality evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine in clinical application.
Animals ; Mice ; Liver ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bupleurum

PURPOSE: To determine the clinical significance of voriconazole therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) in the pediatric population. METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with invasive fungal infections administered with voriconazole from July 2010 to June 2012 were investigated retrospectively. Fourteen received TDM, and 143 trough concentrations were analyzed. All 28 patients were assessed for adverse events and treatment response six weeks into treatment, and at the end. RESULTS: Out of 143 samples, 53.1% were within therapeutic range (1.0-5.5 mg/L). Patients administered with the same loading (6 mg/kg/dose) and maintenance (4 mg/kg/dose) dosages prior to initial TDM showed highly variable drug levels. Adverse events occurred in 9 of 14 patients (64.3%) in both the TDM and non-TDM group. In the TDM group, voriconazole-related encephalopathy (n=2, 14.3%) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation (n=8, 57.1%) occurred with serum levels in the toxic range (>5.5 mg/L), whereas blurred-vision (n=2, 14.3%) occurred within the therapeutic range (1.18 mg/L and 3.9 mg/L). The frequency of voriconazole discontinuation due to adverse events was lower in the TDM group (0.0% vs. 18.2%, P=0.481). Overall, 57.2% of the patients in the TDM group versus 14.3% in the non-TDM group showed clinical response after 6 weeks (P=0.055), whereas 21.4% in the TDM group versus 14.3% in the non-TDM group showed response at final outcome (P=0.664). In the TDM group, >67.0% of the serum levels were within therapeutic range for the first 6 weeks; however 45.5% were within therapeutic range for the entire duration. CONCLUSION: Routine TDM is recommended for optimizing the therapeutic effects of voriconazole.
Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Child* ; Drug Monitoring* ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To measure aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in the pulp of teeth treated with fixed appliances for 6 months, and compare it with AST activity measured in untreated teeth. METHODS: The study sample consisted of 16 healthy subjects (mean age 25.7 +/- 4.3 years) who required the extraction of maxillary premolars for orthodontic reasons. Of these, 6 individuals had a total of 11 sound teeth extracted without any orthodontic treatment (the control group), and 10 individuals had a total of 20 sound teeth extracted after 6 months of orthodontic alignment (the experimental group). Dental pulp samples were extracted from all control and experimental teeth, and the AST activity exhibited by these samples was determined spectrophotometrically at 20degrees C. RESULTS: Mean AST values were 25.29 x 10(-5) U/mg (standard deviation [SD] 9.95) in the control group and 27.54 x 10(-5) U/mg (SD 31.81) in the experimental group. The difference between these means was not statistically significantly (p = 0.778), and the distribution of the AST values was also similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: No statistically significant increase in AST activity in the pulp of mechanically loaded teeth was detected after 6 months of orthodontic alignment, as compared to that of teeth extracted from individuals who had not undergone orthodontic treatment. This suggests that time-related regenerative processes occur in the dental pulp.
Aspartate Aminotransferases* ; Aspartic Acid* ; Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp ; Orthodontic Appliances* ; Tooth*

In the present study, an effort was directed to assess the changes of hepatic ensymes according to the exposed in short and long surgical cases under halothane anesthesia. 60 surgical cases were studied in two different group. Halothane anesthesia was given for less than 2 hours in the first group of 30 cases and for more than 2 hours in the second group of 30 cases. The results were compared with the normal values and summarized as follows: In the first group, the changes after halothane exposure for less than 2 hours were negligible. In the second group, SGOT and SGPT were elevated significantly and the number of enzyme-elevated cases were 5~6 greater in group 1.
Alanine Transaminase* ; Anesthesia* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases* ; Halothane* ; Reference Values

In order to determine the enzyme activity, as expressed in Reitman-Frankel unit, of GOT isozyme present in whole homogenate, mitochondrial fraction and supernatant fraction were prepared from brain tissues of normal adult rabbit, by a differential centrifugal method. The effect of thiopental on the GOT isozyme activity in each fraction was determined and the following results were obtained. 1) The activity of GOT isozyme in whole homogenate of normal rabbit brain tissues was found to be 545+/-2.608 units/mg of wet weight whereas the corresponding figure for the supernatant GOT isozyme was 512+/-3.081 and the value for the mitochondrial GOT isozyme was found to be 34.9+/-1.224. 2) The supernatant GOT isozyme existing in a floating status within the cytoplasm accounted for 94 percent followed by 6.35 percent of mitochondrial GOT isozyme. 3) The activated-peak of mitochondrial GOT isozyme contained in the whole homogenate of adult rabbit brain tissues was found to be at #15 on the tube of elution in comparison to that of #73 for supernatant GOT isozyme, as analyzed by the DEAE-Cellulose column chromasography. 4) The supernant GOT isozyme from the thiopentaltreated brain was proportionaly distorted while mitochondrial GOT isozyme was not influenced. Fro example, treated with thiopental, the supernatant GOT isozyme was divided to be #63 & #73 on the tube in comparison to #15 for the mitochondrial GOT isozyme. 5) The activity of supernatant isozyme was proportionaly reduced as the concentration of thiopental. 6) Fifty percent inhibition dose(1se) of thiopental on the supernatant GOT isozyme was found to be 0.63mM. 7) The inhibitory effect of thiopental on the supernatant GOT isozyme was very high significantly by the statistics. 8) The mchanism by which thiopental inhibits the supernatant GOT isozyme in the adult rabbit brain was found to bh uncompetitive inhibition as its Michaelis-Menten constant Km=58.07mM demonstrated. In view of the above finding it is suggested that the thiopental inhibited selectively the activity of supernatant GOT isozyme of the adult rabbit brain tissues while it did not inhibitnificantly by the statistics. 8) The mechanism by which thiopental inhibits the supernatant GOT isozyme in the adult rabbit brain was found to bh uncompetitive inhibition as it Michaelis-Menten constant of Km=58.07 mM demonstrated. In view of the above findings it is suggested that the thiopental inhibited selectively the activity of supernatant GOT isozyme of the adult rabbit brain tissues while it did not inhibit that of mitochondrial GOT isozyme. The GOT isozyme of adult rabbit brain tissues was divided into thiopental-sensitive GOT isozyme(supernatant GOT isozyme) and thiopental insensitive GOT isozyme(mitochondrial GOT isozyme) Furthermore, it is suggested that the cellular function of the brain can be somewhat hindered, when thiopental is injected into the brain cell, while mitosis of the brain cell is not influenced.
Adult* ; Aspartate Aminotransferases* ; Brain* ; Cytoplasm ; DEAE-Cellulose ; Humans ; Mitosis ; Thiopental*

BACKGROUND: Recently, a new automated chemistry analyzer, Atellica CH930 (Siemens, Germany), was introduced. It automatically measures internal quality control (QC) materials according to a pre-determined schedule. For this purpose, the instrument has space for storage of QC materials. We evaluated the analytical performance of chemistry items by using the Atellica system. METHODS: The precision of 29 items was evaluated with three levels of QC materials with two storage methods. We stored the QC materials in the dedicated storage space in the instrument during the precision evaluation period. In addition, we aliquoted and stored the materials in the refrigerator, and then loaded the material in a timely manner. Linearity, carry-over, and agreement with current methods were also evaluated. RESULTS: The within-laboratory coefficient of variation (CV) of most items, except for total CO2 (tCO2), was within 5.0% in both QC storage methods without significant differences in CV between storage methods. The CV of tCO2 was 5.2%, 5.8%, and 5.1% at three different levels when the QC materials were stored in a dedicated space in the instrument. The linearity was acceptable, showing <5% nonlinearity. Although good agreement was observed for most items, some items, such as calcium, total bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, and chloride, showed unequivalent results. CONCLUSIONS: Atellica CH930 showed acceptable precision, linearity, and agreement in routine chemistry items. The automatic QC function using the storage device has no problem with stability or precision. It can reduce the manual process, allowing technicians to focus on reviewing the QC results and reporting reliable results.
Appointments and Schedules ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Bilirubin ; Calcium ; Chemistry ; Quality Control

ABSTRACT Root resorption is a shortening of root dentine which occurs physiologically in deciduous teeth. The present study aimed to quantify dentine sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) during the physiological process of root resorption of deciduous teeth. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 25 children aged between 4 and 10 years old. GCF was collected from the gingival sulcus using periopaper strips from the upper first deciduous molar (n = 45). The samples were divided equally into three groups, no resorption (R0), moderate resorption (RM) and severe resorption (RS), based on the existing radiographs taken. The GCF samples were then analysed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit to determine the DSPP concentration levels and BioAssays System kit for AST and LDH. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the statistical differences between the means of the DSPP, AST and LDH concentration level in the three groups. A difference was considered significant when p < 0.05. High concentration levels of DSPP were significantly noted in RS (p < 0.05), compared to RM and R0. AST also portrayed significant high activity level (p < 0.05) similar to DSPP but LDH showed no significant changes between groups (p > 0.05). The high quantification of DSPP and AST levels in the severe and moderately resorbed roots indicated the potential use of this protein as a biomarker for detecting moderate-severe stages of root resorption.
Root Resorption ; Gingival Crevicular Fluid ; Dentin ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Lactate Dehydrogenases

Trichloromethane and dichloromethane have toxic effects on the liver, and incidents of toxic liver disease caused by them have been reported from time to time. In November 2021, an occupational chemical poisoning incident occurred in a shoe factory in Huidong County, Guangdong Province. After testing the air at the scene and analyzing the clinical data of the poisoning patients, it was preliminarily determined that the poisoning was caused by a mixed gas poisoning incident dominated by trichoromethane. At admission, the liver function of 7 patients was tested for different degrees of impairment (alanine aminotransferase 145-2501 IU/L, aspartate aminotransferase 66-1286 IU/L). The volatile organic components of on-site raw and auxiliary materials were analyzed. The percentages of trichloromethane and dichloromethane detected in 103A powder glue used in the poisoning workshop site accounted for 21.11% and 6.77% respectively.
Humans ; Alanine Transaminase ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; Gas Poisoning ; Liver Diseases