Ascorbic acid (AA) and dehydroascorbic acid (DHA) are known to have protective effects in experimental central nerve system disorder models such as stroke, ischemia, and epileptic seizures. The present study was conducted to examine the protective effect of AA and DHA on kainic acid (KA) neurotoxicity using organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSC). Protective effects of AA and DHA on KA-induced cell death were evaluated by analyzing caspase-3. In addition, to determine if the prooxidant effect of AA is related to iron, the effect of AA on cell death was examined using desferrioxamine (DFO), an iron chelator. After 12h-KA treatment, significant delayed neuronal death was detected in CA3 region, but not in CA1. The AA (500 micrometer) and DHA (100 and 500 micrometer) pretreatments significantly prevented cell death by inhibiting caspase-3 activation in CA3 region. In the concentration of 1,000 micrometer, however, AA pretreatment might have prooxidant effect, but AA-induced oxidative reaction is mainly not related to transition metal ions. These data showed that the pretreatments of intermediate-dose AA and DHA protected KA-induced neuronal damage in OHSCs and co-pretreatment of AA and DFO did not affect cell death except for a few cases. These data suggest that both AA and DHA pretreatment have antioxidant or prooxidant effect depending on doses treated on KA-induced neuronal injury and the possible prooxidant effect of AA may not depend on the Fenton reaction.
Ascorbic Acid ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Death ; Deferoxamine ; Dehydroascorbic Acid ; Epilepsy ; Ions ; Iron ; Ischemia ; Kainic Acid ; Neurons ; Stroke

A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) paired with UV-vis detection method to determine ascorbic acid and its oxidation product, dehydroascorbic acid, in human plasma was developed. Ascorbic acid in human plasma was extracted and stabilized using 10% metaphosphoric acid, and was analyzed by a Symmetry C18 column with 5 mM Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide and 50 mM KH2PO4 solution as the mobile phase (1.0 mL/min flow rate). Isoascorbic acid served as the internal standard and ultraviolet detector wavelength was 254 nm and 265 nm. Dehydroascorbic acid concentration was calculated from the differences in ascorbic acid concentration before and after reduction by dithiothreitol reagent. Quantification for ascorbic acid in human plasma was linear from 1–100 µg/mL. The inter- and intra-day precisions and accuracy were determined and the results were found to be within ±15%. This method was successfully applied to a human pharmacokinetic study of ascorbic acid as well as dehydroascorbic acid after oral administration of 4,000 mg vitamin C tablets to healthy Korean volunteers.
Administration, Oral ; Ascorbic Acid* ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Dehydroascorbic Acid* ; Dithiothreitol ; Humans* ; Plasma* ; Tablets ; Volunteers

Ascorbate (vitamin C) is a cofactor for a number of metabolic enzymes and is an indisputable essential vitamin C for humans. However, the potential of ascorbate as an anticancer agent has been a topic of controversy. A number of previous reports have addressed both positive aspects and limitations of ascorbate in cancer therapy. In this review, we briefly summarize the potential antitumor effects of ascorbate and its prospects for clinical use.
Ascorbic Acid ; Humans ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid ; Neuralgia ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Pyuria* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid* ; Vitamins*

No abstract available.
Ascorbic Acid ; Dapsone ; Methemoglobinemia