Arthritis, Juvenile ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Practice Guidelines as Topic

Pachydermodactyly is a form of digital dermal fibromatosis of unknown etiology, characterized by asymptomatic soft tissue swelling on the lateral aspects of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the hands. It usually affects young men and often associated with repetitive mechanical trauma. As a rule, it is a benign condition and a specific therapy or extensive investigation is not necessary in most cases. However, pachydermodactyly is not well recognized by physician. So it can be confused with other rheumatic conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis or juvenile idiopathic arthritis. A prompt diagnosis is crucial for preventing inappropriate or possible toxic treatment. We describe a case of pachydermodactyly in a 20-year-old military man, who had painless swellings of the hand joints.
Arthritis, Juvenile ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Diagnosis ; Fibroma ; Hand ; Hand Joints ; Humans ; Joints ; Male ; Military Personnel ; Young Adult

The diagnosis of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) is based on patient's age at disease onset, symptom duration, gender, and clinical manifestations. JRA is of unknown origin, begins under the age of 16, and persists for a minimum of 6 weeks. JRA is categorized into three principal types, systemic, oligoarticular and polyarticular. Infection, other connective tissue diseases, malignancy, trauma, and immunodeficiency are discussed as differential diagnoses for JRA. Because of joint damage, focusing on early diagnosis and intervention, a vigorous initial therapeutic approach must be taken in patients who have poor prognostic factors. A multidisciplinary team approach is also important for the care of patients with JRA.
Arthritis, Juvenile* ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Joints

The diagnosis of painful hips of the children are very difficult in their early stage of diseases. Transient synovitis, Legg-Calve-Perthes' diseas juvenile rheumatoid arthritis and pyogenic hip are very similar in clinical manifestation and plane radiology. But the treatment methods and prognoses are very different, so it is very important to make an accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis as early as possible. In the above mentioned diseases hip joint effusion is one of common manifestations, so we studied the hip joint effusion by ultrasonography in 49 children with painful hips and also we studied both hips of healthy children to determine the criteria of the normal hip joint. And the results are summerized as follows: l. Ultrasonography was very good method for detection of hip joint effusion. 2. In healthy children, the average bone-to-capsule distance was 2.95mm. 3. In children patients with unilateral painful hip, the average bone-to-capsule distance was 2.96mm, so it was very similar to that of healthy children. 4. The difference more than 2mm between both hips was abnormal. 5. In 49 children with painful hips, over all positive rate was 63.3%.
Arthritis, Juvenile ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hip Joint ; Hip ; Humans ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Synovitis ; Ultrasonography

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is a broad spectrum of disease defined by the presence of arthritis of unknown etiology, lasting more than six weeks duration, and occurring in children less than 16 years of age. JIA encompasses several disease categories, each with distinct clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, genetic backgrounds, and pathogenesis. JIA is classified into seven subtypes by the International League of Associations for Rheumatology: systemic, oligoarticular, polyarticular with and without rheumatoid factor, enthesitis-related arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and undifferentiated arthritis. Diagnosis of the precise subtype is an important requirement for management and research. JIA is a common chronic rheumatic disease in children and is an important cause of acute and chronic disability. Arthritis or arthritis-like symptoms may be present in many other conditions. Therefore, it is important to consider differential diagnoses for JIA that include infections, other connective tissue diseases, and malignancies. Leukemia and septic arthritis are the most important diseases that can be mistaken for JIA. The aim of this review is to provide a summary of the subtypes and differential diagnoses of JIA.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Infectious ; Arthritis, Juvenile* ; Arthritis, Psoriatic ; Child ; Connective Tissue Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential* ; Genetic Background ; Humans ; Leukemia ; Rheumatic Diseases ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Rheumatology

Arthritis, Juvenile ; classification ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Prognosis

Adolescent ; Arthritis, Juvenile ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is comprised of a heterogeneous group of several disease subtypes that are characterized by the onset of arthritis before the age of 16 years and has symptoms lasting at least 6 weeks. The previous classification of JIA included seven different categories, whereas its current classification was compiled by the International League of the Association for Rheumatology, and replaced the previous terms of "juvenile chronic arthritis" and "juvenile rheumatoid arthritis," which were used in Europe or North America, respectively, with the single nomenclature of JIA. As mentioned above, JIA is defined as arthritis of unknown etiology that manifests itself before the age of 16 years and persists for at least 6 weeks, while excluding other known conditions. The clinical symptoms of JIA can be quite variable. Several symptoms that are characteristic of arthritis are not necessarily diagnostic of JIA and may have multiple etiologies that can be differentiated with careful examination of patient history. The disease may develop over days or sometimes weeks, thereby making the diagnosis difficult at the time of presentation. To make a clinical diagnosis of JIA, the first step is to exclude arthritis with known etiologies. Of note, late treatment due to excessive delay of diagnosis can cause severe damage to joints and other organs and impair skeletal maturation. Therefore, early detection of JIA is critical to ensure prompt treatment and to prevent long-term complications including the likelihood of disability in childhood.
Arthritis ; Arthritis, Juvenile Rheumatoid ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dietary Sucrose ; Europe ; Humans ; Joints ; North America ; Resin Cements ; Rheumatology

We report a case of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in a 7-year-old female patient who had complained of limitation of motion and pain on knee and ankle joints 5 months ago. She had been initially diagnosed as juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) and received prednisone (PDS), which delayed the accurate diagnosis of the disease. But finally she has been diagnosed with ALL by the bone marrow aspiration and biopsy being done after the discontinuation of PDS with the help of leukemic suspicion of radiologic study.
Ankle Joint ; Arthritis, Juvenile ; Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Knee ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* ; Prednisone

Arthritis, Juvenile ; diagnosis ; Child ; Forecasting ; Humans ; Immunologic Tests ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic ; diagnosis ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; diagnosis ; Rheumatic Diseases ; diagnosis ; immunology ; therapy ; Rheumatic Fever ; diagnosis ; Scleroderma, Systemic ; diagnosis