PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in facilitating maturation of autogenous arteriovenous fistulae. MATERIALS AND METHODS: There were 12 immature autogenous arteriovenous fistulae. We performed 15 PTAs transvenously. Post-intervention anatomic and clinical successes were estimated, and the 6-month and 1-year primary and secondary patency rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. RESULTS: All immature fistulae had underlying stenosis (n=20): arteriovenous anastomosis (n=1) and venous outflow (n=19): 1) within 5 cm from the anastomosis (n=10); 2) more than 5 cm but less than 10 cm from the anastomosis (n=5); 3) more than 10 cm from the anastomosis, including central veins (n=4). Six fistulae had two or more stenoses. Repeat intervention was necessary in two patients. The anatomical success rate was 94.3%, and the clinical success rate was 86.7%. The 6-month and 1-year primary patency rates were 72.7% and 54.5%, and the secondary patency rates were 100% and 81.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: All immature hemodialysis fistulae have underlying stenosis, most of which are located near the arteriovenous anastomosis. Early interventional procedures are helpful in the salvage and maintenance of immature arteriovenous fistulae, with a high degree of success.
Angioplasty ; Angioplasty, Balloon ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Arteriovenous Fistula ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Fistula ; Humans ; Renal Dialysis ; Veins

We observed sisters who showed the classical symptoms and signs of the pulseless disease, which were the absence of the radial pulsation, arteriovenous anastomoses around the optic disc and intermittent dizziness. The main changes in the fundus of them were as follows. 1) wreath-like anastomoses of the central retinal artery and vein around the disc. 2) almost complete disappearance of the visible vessels beyond five disc diameters from the optic disc. 3) multiple microaneurysms and hemorrhages.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Dizziness ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Retinal Artery ; Siblings* ; Takayasu Arteritis* ; Veins

PURPOSE: The authors of the present case report observed a bilateral retinal racemose hemangioma which was located within the peripapillary area. CASE SUMMARY: A 17-year-old man presented with floaters in both eyes. Fundus revealed tortuous and anastomosed retinal vasculature around the optic disc. In addition, fluorescein angiography showed a non-leaking retinal arteriovenous anastomosis. Seven years after the initial visit, vitreous hemorrhage occurred in the patient's left eye, and then 1 year later, subretinal hemorrhage was found in his left eye. CONCLUSIONS: Because retinal racemose hemangioma can accompany vitreous hemorrhage and subretinal hemorrhage regardless of size, a routine periodic ophthalmic examination is recommended.
Adolescent ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Eye ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Hemangioma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Retinaldehyde ; Vitreous Hemorrhage

Collateral circulation that develops in the chronic stage of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) was known to affect the cliniral course of this disease. To study the development of collateral circulation according to the types of BRVO, 45 eyes with BRVO in which fluorescein angiographies(FAG) were taken more than two times were divided into 3 groups by the combination of the area of capillary non perfusion and the amount of cotton wool patches. Group I showed a small area of nonperfusion, group II, a wide-spread nonperfusion area with no or several cotton wool patches and group III, a wide-spread nonperfusion area with predominant cotton wool patches. The collateral and the venovenous anastomosis was further subdivided into high-low anastomosis, bridging vessel and recanalization. Then we compared the incidence of collateral vessels in each group. As a result, in group II and III, higher incidence of arteriovenous anastomosis, arteriovenous and venovenous anastomosis was recognized compared to group I. In the cases of major temporal vein occlusion, higher incidence of arteriovenous anastomosis compared to the cases of macular branch vein occlusion. And in group III, higher incidence of neovascularization was found compared to group I.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Capillaries ; Collateral Circulation* ; Fluorescein ; Incidence ; Perfusion ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Veins ; Wool

A 27-year-old woman had a cataract in the left eye and absent radial pulses in both upper extremities. Fundus examination of the right eye disclosed arteriovenous anastomosis about the disc and segmentation of venous blood column. Aortogram revealed complete obstruction of brachiocephalic, left common carotid and left subclavian arteries, which were the branches of aortic arch. Takayasu's arteritis is an uncommon disorder which causes obliteration of branches of aortic arch and pulmonary artery. Its characteristics are absence of pulsation in the upper extremities and arteriovenous anastomosis around the disc. It affects mainly young females and its etiology is uncertain.
Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Cataract ; Female ; Humans ; Pulmonary Artery ; Subclavian Artery ; Takayasu Arteritis* ; Upper Extremity

PURPOSE: The vessels of the finger tip are very small and fragile, have many branches, so the anastomosis of this vessel is very difficult. Guillotine type amputation of digits are rare, on the other hand, crush/avulsion injuries which require complex surgical solutions are more frequent. We often found that the arteries of distal amputee on crush/avulsion injuries are lost. In these cases, replantation is much more difficult even impossible. But when replantation is successes, the replantated finger tip provides adequate soft tissue, restoration of length, sensory and nail. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We report here our experience of finger tip replantation using afferent a-v anastomosis technique accumulated from March 2006 to March 2009. RESULT: The success rate was 96.4%. Complications occurred in eight patients. (5 digit atrophy, 1 osteomyelitis, 1 severe digit pain and 1 cold intolerance) CONCLUSIONS: We believe that the afferent a-v anastomosis replantation provides us wider range of indication of finger tip replantation on crush/avulsion injuries.
Amputation ; Amputees ; Arteries ; Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Atrophy ; Cold Temperature ; Fingers ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Hand ; Humans ; Osteomyelitis ; Replantation

Granuloma pyogenicum (GP) has been reported to be associated with hemangioma and hamartomas, including port-wine stains. GP may rarely occur in association with port-wine stains, either de novo or following trauma such as laser therapy. It has been suggested that the development of GP in a port-wine stain following trauma might be associated with microscopic arteriovenous anastomosis in the port-wine stain. We report a 48 year-old woman with GP arising within port-wine stain following trauma.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Female ; Granuloma* ; Granuloma, Pyogenic* ; Hamartoma ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Middle Aged ; Port-Wine Stain*

Glomus tumors are rare neoplasms that originate from the glomus bodies, an arteriovenous anastomosis with a specialized vascular structure. The most common site for these tumors is the subungal region of the fingers. Occasionally, glomus tumors are found in the middle ear, trachea, nasal cavities, stomach, and lungs. The occurrence in the parotid regions is very rare. While multiple glomus tumors in the whole body are thought to represent only 10% of all cases, instances of multiple tumors in the neck have not yet been reported in the literature. We report a case of double glomus tumors in the submandibular and parotid regions.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Ear, Middle ; Fingers ; Glomus Tumor ; Lung ; Nasal Cavity ; Neck ; Parotid Region ; Stomach ; Trachea

Glomus tumors are rare neoplasms that originate from the glomus bodies, an arteriovenous anastomosis with a specialized vascular structure. The most common site for these tumors is the subungal region of the fingers. Occasionally, glomus tumors are found in the middle ear, trachea, nasal cavities, stomach, and lungs. The occurrence in the parotid regions is very rare. While multiple glomus tumors in the whole body are thought to represent only 10% of all cases, instances of multiple tumors in the neck have not yet been reported in the literature. We report a case of double glomus tumors in the submandibular and parotid regions.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Ear, Middle ; Fingers ; Glomus Tumor ; Lung ; Nasal Cavity ; Neck ; Parotid Region ; Stomach ; Trachea

Twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a complex cardiovascular disease affecting monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancies, and has a high perinatal mortality rate. Its pathogenesis remains poorly understood, but TTTS involves unbalanced transfusion of blood from a donor to a recipient along one or more placental arteriovenous anastomosis in absence of adequate compensatory superficial counter-transfusion. Recent data demonstrated laser ablation to be better than amnioreduction, especially when the condition develops before 26 weeks of gestation.
Arteriovenous Anastomosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Twin ; Tissue Donors