No abstract available.
Arnold-Chiari Malformation* ; Meningomyelocele*

No abstract available.
Arnold-Chiari Malformation*

No abstract available.
Arnold-Chiari Malformation*

Craniovertebral junction anomalies are a group of diseases characterized by the pathological changes of occipital bone,atlantoaxial bone,cerebellar tonsil,surrounding soft tissue,and nervous system,which are caused by a variety of factors.Chiari malformation is a common type of craniovertebral junction anomalies,the conventional surgical therapy of which is posterior fossa decompression.Currently,scholars represented by Goel have proposed a new theory on the classification,pathogenesis,and treatment of Chiari malformation based on posterior atlantoaxial fixation (Goel technique).This article introduces the progress in Goel technique,aiming to provide reference for the clinical work.
Humans ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery*

No abstract available.
Arnold-Chiari Malformation* ; Diagnosis* ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Ultrasonography*

The clinical significance of cystic fluid motion in syringomyelia is uncertain. Because of its sensitivity to fluid motion, MR imaging was used to investigate fluid dynamics in syringomyelia by various tecniques. SPAMM (Spatial Modulation of Magnetization) MRI is one of these techniques which shows the fluid motion of syrinx in syringomyelia. After taking preimaging pulse sequence, the MR images show periodic bands due to the magnetic modulation. Motion between the time of banding and image formation is directly demonstrated as a corresponding displacement of the bands. The authors evaluated 7 patients of syringomyelia due to various causes with SPAMM MRI technique and compared preoperative SPAMM MRI findings and clinical results, postoperative size of syrinx. Among 4 patients of syringomyelia with Arnold-Chiari malformation, 3 patients showed band shift representing fluid motion of syrinx on SPAMM MRI. Clinical results of these patients were good and the size of postoperative syrinx decreased. Three patients of posttraumatic or postmeningitic syringomyelia who did not show band shift on SPAMM MRI had poor clinical courses and the sizes of postoperative syrinx remained unchanged. These results indicate that SPAMM MRI may be useful in dete rmining the type of treatment and predicting clinical results in syringomyelia.
Arnold-Chiari Malformation ; Humans ; Hydrodynamics ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Prognosis* ; Syringomyelia*

This is a case report of Arnold-Chiari malformation. The patient is 34 years old male who is revealing slowly progressive walking difficulty, occipital headache, cerebellar signs and sensory symptoms. The CTMM findings are bilateral herniated tonsils behind cervical cord with compression on posterior margin of cord.
Adult ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation* ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Palatine Tonsil ; Walking

Authors experienced the myelotomy for the syringomyelia in 3 cases. Moreover a recent case who underwent the craniovertebral decompression with myelotomy was associated with Arnold-Chiari malformation. Post-operative courses were uneventful in two but a case with the thoracic myelotomy became paraparetic after 5 years of follow up due to the spinal arachnoiditis. It seems that the careful studies, including the ventriculography and/or C-T scan are necessary to find the hind-brain malformation and to give the appropriate management.
Arachnoid ; Arachnoiditis ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation ; Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Syringomyelia*

A wide spectrum of pediatric diseases present challenging airway problems for the anesthesiologist. To optimize the management of the difficult airway, an understanding of the pediatric airway anatomy, its peculiarities in certain diseases and the syndromes which compromise the airway is imperative. Many cases of the difficult airway are easily recognizable, while others are obscure and turn obvious only during anesthesia. The pediatric airway is always physiologically disadvantaged than the adult. There is increased oxygen consumption with less oxygen reserve. Gastric distention is an expected occurrence with mask ventilation, causing elevation of the diaphragm, reduction of functional residual capacity (FRC) and oxygen reserve, decreased lung compliance, interference with positive pressure ventilation, and increased risk of regurgitation and aspiration. Even general endotracheal anesthesia significantly decreases FRC in infants. Upper airway obstruction during general anesthesia is common because of increased sensitivity of certain inspiratory muscles to anesthetic agents. Failure to maintain a patent airway can readily result in morbidity and mortality.
Infant ; ANESTHESIA ; MYELOMENINGOCELE ; ANESTHESIOLOGIST ; PEDIATRICS ; OXYGEN ; ARNOLD-CHIARI MALFORMATION ; INTUBATION

Cases of pediatric eosinophilic meningitis following duraplasty with a bovine graft have been reported. These patients recovered following the surgical removal of the dural graft or steroid therapy. Decompression for Chiari malformation is a common procedure in both pediatric and adult neurosurgery. We describe the case of a 33-yr-old male patient with eosinophilic meningitis following Chiari decompression via bovine graft duraplasty. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) study showed 49 red blood cells/μL and 129 leukocytes/μL with 17% eosinophils. There was no evidence of infectious disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of adult eosinophilic meningitis after bovine graft duraplasty in Korea.
Adult* ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation* ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Communicable Diseases ; Decompression ; Eosinophils* ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Meningitis* ; Neurosurgery ; Transplants*