1.Phytopharmacological potential of different species of Morus alba and their bioactive phytochemicals:A review
Hussain FAHAD ; Rana ZOHAIB ; Shafique HASSAN ; Malik ARIF ; Hussain ZAHID
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017;7(10):950-956
Medicinal plants of Moraceae family have been well-recognized traditionally due to their versatile applications in various fields including agriculture,cosmetic and food as well as in pharmaceutical industries. Their biomedical and medicinal importance is reflected from their broad range of pharmacological activities for treatment of various inflammatory conditions,cancer,infectious diseases,and gastrointestinal disorders.The present review was aimed to summarize and critically discuss the biomedical implications of Morus species,their bioactive compounds,and phytochemicals.Bioactivity guided fractionation of these medicinal plants revealed that different types of bioactive phytochemicals and secondary metabolites such as steroids, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and phenolic compounds including terpenoids,flavonoids,anthocyanins and tannins were present.The critical analysis of the literature revealed that the aqueous,methanolic,and ethanolic ex-tracts of Morus species and their bioactive compounds exhibit remarkable anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, anti-stress, nephroprotective, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, anticancer, anxiolytic, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, immune-modulatory and cholesterol lowering effects.Based on the literature review and bioactivity guided inves-tigation of Morus species and their phytomedicinal effects,we anticipate that these herbal products hold excellent potential for future research.
2.The Potential Role of Nitric Oxide in Halting Cancer Progression Through Chemoprevention.
Huzefa VAHORA ; Munawwar Ali KHAN ; Usama ALALAMI ; Arif HUSSAIN
Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016;21(1):1-12
Nitric oxide (NO) in general plays a beneficial physiological role as a vasorelaxant and the role of NO is decided by its concentration present in physiological environments. NO either facilitates cancer-promoting characters or act as an anti-cancer agent. The dilemma in this regard still remains unanswered. This review summarizes the recent information on NO and its role in carcinogenesis and tumor progression, as well as dietary chemopreventive agents which have NO-modulating properties with safe cytotoxic profile. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and cross-talk modulating NO effect by these chemopreventive agents can allow us to develop better therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment.
Carcinogenesis
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Chemoprevention*
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III
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Nitric Oxide*
3.Effectiveness of pictorial health warning on cigarette packages: A cross-sectional study in Sarawak, Malaysia
Rahman MM ; Arif MT ; Abd Razak MF ; Suhaili MR ; Tambi Z ; Akoi C ; Gabriel Bain M ; Hussain H
Malaysian Family Physician 2015;10(3):19-26
Introduction: Specific health warning placed on the tobacco product packages is considered as an
effective and low-cost method for increasing the knowledge and awareness among the community.
Thus, a study was conducted to assess the perception of pictorial health warnings (PHWs) against
smoking among the adult rural population of Sarawak.
Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 10 villages in Kota Samarahan and Kuching
Division by face to face interview using modified Global Adult Tobacco Survey questionnaire. Nonprobability
sampling method was adopted to select the villages. All the households of the selected
villages were visited and an adult member was selected randomly from each house irrespective of the
sex. After missing value imputation, 1000 data were analysed using statistical software IBM SPSS
20.0 version.
Results: Analysis showed that 28.8% of the respondents were current smokers, 7.8% were past
smokers and the rest were non-smokers. Six items of pictorial health warnings were evaluated with
five point Likert’s scales for attractiveness, fearfulness and adequacy of the information. Analysis
revealed that the majority of the respondents had perceived awareness on PHWs, but the smokers
believed that this was not adequate to make them quit smoking. Only one-fifth (19.7%) of them
reported that current pictorial health warnings were sufficient to motivate people to quit smoking.
Conclusion: Though the PHWs on cigarette packages are appealing, it is not sufficient as a reason
to stop smoking. Thus, an approach using an integrated anti-tobacco public health programme
should be focused into the specific targeted community.
4.Spontaneous occlusion of a pial arteriovenous fistula after angiography: The role of iodinated contrast media
Seby JOHN ; Tanmoy Kumar MAITI ; Praveen KESAV ; Ashna ARIF ; Syed Irteza HUSSAIN
Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neurosurgery 2024;26(1):79-84
Intracranial non-galenic pial arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) is an extremely rare vascular malformation, where one or more pial arteries feeds directly into a cortical vein without any intervening nidus. Though occasionally they can be asymptomatic, neurological symptoms such as headache, seizure, or focal neurological deficit are more common presenting features. Life threatening or fatal hemorrhage is not uncommon, hence needed to be treated more often than not. Spontaneous occlusion of PAVF is reported only four times before. We report a 49-year-old gentleman, who was diagnosed to have a PAVF, possibly secondary to trauma. He presented 5 months and 22 days from initial digital subtraction angiography (DSA) for treatment, and follow-up angiogram showed complete obliteration. He denied any significant event, medication or alternate treatment during this period. His clinical symptoms were stable as well. We postulate iodinated contrast medium induced vasculopathy as a possible cause, which has been described for other vascular pathologies, but never for PAVF.
5. Phytopharmacological potential of different species of Morus alba and their bioactive phytochemicals: A review
Fahad HUSSAIN ; Zohaib RANA ; Hassan SHAFIQUE ; Arif MALIK ; Zahid HUSSAIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017;7(10):950-956
Medicinal plants of Moraceae family have been well-recognized traditionally due to their versatile applications in various fields including agriculture, cosmetic and food as well as in pharmaceutical industries. Their biomedical and medicinal importance is reflected from their broad range of pharmacological activities for treatment of various inflammatory conditions, cancer, infectious diseases, and gastrointestinal disorders. The present review was aimed to summarize and critically discuss the biomedical implications of Morus species, their bioactive compounds, and phytochemicals. Bioactivity guided fractionation of these medicinal plants revealed that different types of bioactive phytochemicals and secondary metabolites such as steroids, saponins, alkaloids, glycosides and phenolic compounds including terpenoids, flavonoids, anthocyanins and tannins were present. The critical analysis of the literature revealed that the aqueous, methanolic, and ethanolic extracts of Morus species and their bioactive compounds exhibit remarkable anti-oxidative, anti-diabetic, anti-stress, nephroprotective, antimicrobial, anti-mutagenic, anticancer, anxiolytic, hepatoprotective, anthelmintic, antimicrobial, immune-modulatory and cholesterol lowering effects. Based on the literature review and bioactivity guided investigation of Morus species and their phytomedicinal effects, we anticipate that these herbal products hold excellent potential for future research.
6. Efficient hepatoprotective activity of cranberry extract against CCl
Fahad HUSSAIN ; Arif MALIK ; Ujala AYYAZ ; Hassan SHAFIQUE ; Zohaib RANA ; Zahid HUSSAIN
Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017;10(11):1054-1058
Objective To investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of cranberry extract (CBE) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl
7.Assessment of biochemical and antioxidative status in patients suffering from dengue fever.
Mahmood RASOOL ; Arif MALIK ; Khalid Mahmud KHAN ; Muhammad Saeed QURESHI ; Beenish SHABBIR ; Sara ZAHID ; Muhammad ASIF ; Abdul MANAN ; Sana RASHID ; Saima Rubab KHAN ; Hafiz Muhammad ARSALAN ; Rabail ALAM ; Mahwish AROOJ ; Mahmood Husain QAZI ; Adeel Gulzar Ahmed CHAUDHARY ; Adel Mohammed ABUZENADAH ; Mohammed Hussain AL-QAHTANI ; Sajjad KARIM
Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology (Medical Sciences) 2015;35(3):411-418
A multi-centred study was designed to collect dengue epidemiologic data from government and registered private hospitals/clinics and maintained archive of frozen specimens in bio-bank to be used for future dengue epidemic control program, and assess the epidemiology of dengue fever (DF) by evaluating biochemical and oxidative status of patients. ELISA IgM antibodies test was done to confirm DF. From August 2010 to December 2011, 101 confirmed blood samples of DF patients referred to pathology lab of Jinnah Hospital Lahore were subjected to the epidemiologic assessment by evaluating the biochemical and physiological indices and alterations of circulating antioxidants. Clinical features of DF patients and effect of fever on blood components and serum proteins of liver were recorded. The hospital stay in DF, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) showed significant difference. Significant increases in serum alanine amino transferase (ALT) (P=0.000), aspartate amino transferase (AST) (P=0.000), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P=0.000), malondialdehyde (MDA) along with significant decreases in total protein (TP) (P=0.000), reduced glutathione (GSH) (P=0.000), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) (P=0.000), and sialic acid contents (P=0.016) were observed. A positive correlation existed between bound sialic acid levels, liver enzymes and circulating antioxidants (r=0.656, P=0.016). In the present study, alterations of circulating antioxidants in DF suggest that DF might be a metabolic response to an acute, self-limiting tropical viral infection, and a consequence of the viral inflammatory process.
Adult
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Antioxidants
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metabolism
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Biomarkers
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blood
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China
;
Dengue
;
classification
;
diagnosis
;
metabolism
;
Diagnosis, Differential
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Female
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Humans
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Immunoglobulin M
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metabolism
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Male
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Middle Aged
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Young Adult