Background: Fecal incontinence (FI) results from damage to the external anal sphincter (EAS), significantly affecting quality of life. This clinical trial evaluated the impact of low-level laser (LLL) therapy on EAS repair and the treatment of FI. Methods: Thirty FI patients with EAS deficiency were divided into two groups (n = 15): a control group receiving sphincteroplasty alone and a laser group undergoing sphincteroplasty plus laser therapy. Following surgery, the laser group received daily laser therapy for 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Wexner scores, electromyography (EMG), and endorectal sonography. Results: The laser group exhibited a significant increase in muscle bulk (P = 0.008) and a lower Wexner index (P < 0.0001) compared to the control group. EMG confirmed muscle contractility in the laser group. Conclusions Two weeks of LLL therapy effectively increased muscle at the EAS injury site, leading to significant, lasting improvements in FI.

Background: Fecal incontinence (FI) results from damage to the external anal sphincter (EAS), significantly affecting quality of life. This clinical trial evaluated the impact of low-level laser (LLL) therapy on EAS repair and the treatment of FI. Methods: Thirty FI patients with EAS deficiency were divided into two groups (n = 15): a control group receiving sphincteroplasty alone and a laser group undergoing sphincteroplasty plus laser therapy. Following surgery, the laser group received daily laser therapy for 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Wexner scores, electromyography (EMG), and endorectal sonography. Results: The laser group exhibited a significant increase in muscle bulk (P = 0.008) and a lower Wexner index (P < 0.0001) compared to the control group. EMG confirmed muscle contractility in the laser group. Conclusions Two weeks of LLL therapy effectively increased muscle at the EAS injury site, leading to significant, lasting improvements in FI.

Background: Fecal incontinence (FI) results from damage to the external anal sphincter (EAS), significantly affecting quality of life. This clinical trial evaluated the impact of low-level laser (LLL) therapy on EAS repair and the treatment of FI. Methods: Thirty FI patients with EAS deficiency were divided into two groups (n = 15): a control group receiving sphincteroplasty alone and a laser group undergoing sphincteroplasty plus laser therapy. Following surgery, the laser group received daily laser therapy for 2 weeks. Outcomes were assessed using Wexner scores, electromyography (EMG), and endorectal sonography. Results: The laser group exhibited a significant increase in muscle bulk (P = 0.008) and a lower Wexner index (P < 0.0001) compared to the control group. EMG confirmed muscle contractility in the laser group. Conclusions Two weeks of LLL therapy effectively increased muscle at the EAS injury site, leading to significant, lasting improvements in FI.

Background: Current therapies are quite unsuccessful in the management of neuropathic pain. Therefore, considering the inhibitory characteristics of GABA mediators, the present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the efficacy of GABAergic neural precursor cells on neuropathic pain management. Methods: Search was conducted on Medline, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. A search strategy was designed based on the keywords related to GABAergic cells combined with neuropathic pain. The outcomes were allodynia and hyperalgesia. The results were reported as a pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Results: Data of 13 studies were analyzed in the present meta-analysis. The results showed that administration of GABAergic cells improved allodynia (SMD = 1.79;95% CI: 0.87, 271; P < 0.001) and hyperalgesia (SMD = 1.29; 95% CI: 0.26, 2.32; P = 0.019). Moreover, the analyses demonstrated that the efficacy of GABAergic cells in the management of allodynia and hyperalgesia is only observed in rats. Also, only genetically modified cells are effective in improving both of allodynia, and hyperalgesia. Conclusions A moderate level of pre-clinical evidence showed that transplantation of genetically-modified GABAergic cells is effective in the management of neuropathic pain. However, it seems that the transplantation efficacy of these cells is only statistically significant in improving pain symptoms in rats. Hence, caution should be exercised regarding the generalizability and the translation of the findings from rats and mice studies to large animal studies and clinical trials.