The authors report two races of Arachnoid cysts located at the septum Lucidum. The presenting signs are those of Intracranial hypertension with cephalalgia and disc edema of the retina. The diagnosis can only be made by CT scanner with a cyst having the same density as the ventricular cerebro spinal fluid, and located at the “septum lucidum” between the lateral ventricles-surgery by transcallosal approach is indicated when appears the intracranial hypertension syndrome.
Arachnoid cysts ; diagnosis

Arachnoid cysts represent 1 percent of all intracranial masses. Their common locations include the middle cranial fossa, the quadrigeminal cistern, the suprasellar region, the posterior fossa, and the region of the cerebral convexities. Midline cysts often create a disturbance in intracranial dynamics due to the shift and displacement of surrounding structures, and then developed hydrocephalus. So, early diagnosis and treatment of these cysts are important. The arachnoid cyst by ultrasonogram shows characteristic well capsulated homogeneous hypoechoic cyst. We report a case of prenatally diagnosed suprasellar arachnoid cyst by ultrasonogram and MRI, which was treated postnatally.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Cranial Fossa, Middle ; Early Diagnosis ; Hydrocephalus ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Ultrasonography

Fetal abnormalities in central nervous system are now recognized more often with the increasing use of high-resolution prenatal sonography. Arachnoid cysts, because of their compression of adjacent brain tissue, may require neurosurgical intervention but otherwise they have a good long- term prognosis. The differential diagnosis of intracranial lesions is important to allow accurate counselling and also to optimize neonatal management. We report the two cases of fetal arachnoid cyst diagnosed with prenatal ultrasonography
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; Prognosis ; Ultrasonography ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the radiologic findings of intraspinal epidural arachnoid cyst. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Six pateuts with surgically proven intraspinal epidural arachnoid cyst were included in this study. Four were freeof specific past history, but two had a history of trauma. All underwent examination by plain radiography,CT-myelography and MRI, and the following aspects were retrospectively analysed : vertebral pressure erosion,interpedicular distance, enlargement of neural foramina, as seen on plain radiograph, contrast-filling and lateralbulging of lesions through neural foramina on CT-myelograph, and signal intensity, size and shape of margin andepidural fat pattern, as seen on MRI. RESULTS: Three of four congenital intraspinal epidural arachnoid cysts weresingle in the thoracolumbar region, while in the other case, there were multiple cysts in the mid- and lowerthoracic regions. Cysts were equivaleut in size to between four and six vertebral bodies. Plain radiographicfindings of pedicular pressure erosion, widened interpedicular distance, and bilateral neural foraminalenlargement of several contiguous vertebrae were observed in all four cases. One showed posterior vertebralscalloping. On CT-myelograph, a contrast-filled cystic lesion occupying the posterior epidural space, with lateralbulging through neural foramina and anterior displacement of the contrast-filled thecal sac, was seen. On MRI,longitudinally elongated, well-demarcated cysts were seen to be present in the posterior epidural space; theirsignal intensity was the same as in CSF. An epidural fat cap pattern enveloping the upper and lower ends of thecysts was apparent in all cases. In two cases, traumatic intraspinal epidural arachnoid cysts were situated in thethoracolumbar and lumbosacral region, respectively, near a previously injured region and were smaller (equivalentto the height of three vertebral bodies). CT-myelograph and MRI showed that their effect on the thecal sac wascompressive only. CONCLUSION: When pressure erosion of vertebral odies and pedicles of contiguous severalvertebrae in the thoracic or thoracolumbar region is recognized on plain radiograph, intraspinal epiduralarachnoid cyst should be included in differential diagnosis, and for accurate evaluation, CT-myelograph and/or MRIare needed.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Epidural Space ; Lumbosacral Region ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

Sixteen cases of intracranial arachnoid cyst were diagnosed with computerized tomography(CT). Four patients also had subdural hematoma, two of them following head trauma. Arachnoid cysts in Sylvian fissure are divided into three types, according to their shape and extension on CT. Male was predominant in sex distribution and Sylvian fissure was prevalent in location. Seizure and focal thinning of bone were the most frequently encountered clinical and radiological findings. Surgical procedure was performed in nine cases with partial excision of the cyst membrane or cystoperitoneal shunt. The authors discussed the pathogenesis, clinical findings and treatment of the intracranial arachnoid cyst. We support the congenital origin as pathogenesis, with the experience of one case, which was diagnosed before delivery with ultrasonogram. Considering the potential morbidity of the cyst, as subdural hematoma formation, we propose the surgical treatment as soon as the diagnosis is made.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Humans ; Male ; Membranes ; Seizures ; Sex Distribution ; Ultrasonography

Diagnosis of arachnoid cyst has often been delayed and uncertain in the past, but development of computerized tomography has greatly improved the ease and accuracy of their identification, helping to provide for earlier surgical treatment and better care of patients. Arachnoid cysts of the middle cranial fossa may be associated with a unique complication, namely subdural hematoma. The hematoma with its membrane may be located either superficial to the cyst or within the cyst. Recently we have experienced two cases of arachnoid cyst of the middle cranial fossa with chronic subdural hematoma. We present the cases and their pathogenesis will be reviewed.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Cranial Fossa, Middle* ; Diagnosis ; Hematoma ; Hematoma, Subdural ; Hematoma, Subdural, Chronic* ; Humans ; Membranes

With the advent of computed tomography (CT), the intracranial arachnoid cyst of which the diagnosis had been unlikely to be made before is detected without difficulty now. Reports of intracranial arachnoid cysts have increased in number. It appears on CT scans as a sharply circumscribed hypodense lesion of CSF density, most frequently located in the middle cranial fossa. It has no direct communication with the subarachnoid or ventricular systems. Recently we have experienced two cases of intracranial arachnoid cyst of the middle cranial fossa. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of the intracranial arachnoid cyst will be reviewed.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Cranial Fossa, Middle* ; Diagnosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

To review recent advances in endoscopic techniques for treating intraventricular lesions via transcortical passage. Articles in PubMed published since 2000 were searched using the keywords ‘endoscopy,’‘endoscopic,’ and ‘neuroendoscopic.’ Of these articles, those describing intraventricular lesions were reviewed. Suprasellar arachnoid cysts (SACs) can be treated with ventriculo-cystostomy (VC) or ventriculo-cysto-cisternostomy (VCC). VCC showed better results compared to VC. Procedure type, fenestration size, stent placement, and aqueductal patency may affect SAC prognosis. Colloid cysts can be managed using a transforaminal approach (TA) or a transforaminal-transchoroidal approach (TTA). However, TTA may result in better exposure compared to TA. Intraventricular cysticercosis can be cured with an endoscopic procedure alone, but if pericystic inflammation and/or ependymal reaction are seen, third ventriculostomy may be recommended. Tumor biopsies have yielded successful diagnosis rates of up to 100%, but tumor location, total specimen size, endoscope type, and vigorous coagulation on the tumor surface may affect diagnostic accuracy. An ideal indication for tumor excision is a small tumor with friable consistency and little vascularity. Tumor size, composition, and vascularity may influence a complete resection. SACs and intraventricular cysticercosis can be treated successfully using endoscopic procedures. Endoscopic procedures may represent an alternative to surgical options for colloid cyst removal. Solid tumors can be safely biopsied using endoscopic techniques, but endoscopy for tumor resection still results in considerable challenges.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Biopsy ; Colloid Cysts ; Cysticercosis ; Diagnosis ; Endoscopes ; Endoscopy ; Inflammation ; Prognosis ; Stents ; Ventriculostomy

Intracranial arachnoid cysts are collections of clear fluid within the arachnoid membrane because of nondisjunction or duplication of the structure. They are rare, represent only 1% of intracranial masses in newborns. Etiologically, they are thought to be due to maldevelopment of the arachnoid or secondary to trauma or infection. The arachnoid cyst by ultrasonogram shows characteristic well capsulated homogeneous hypoechoic cyst. Many arachnoid cysts remain asymptomatic, however, and become symptomatic later in life to cyst growth-resulting in a compression, displacement and irritation of the surrounding structures. So, early diagnosis and treatment of these cysts are important. We present two cases of arachnoid cysts diagnosed in utero by ultrasonogram. In one case, postnatal MRI was checked and confirmed arachnoid cyst with choroid plexus cyst. And other case, postnatal brain USG was checked and diagnosed arachnoid cyst. Both children are asymptomatic, and presents normal development until now. But latter children underwent surgical treatment due to persistent huge cyst and hydrocephalus.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Brain ; Child ; Choroid Plexus ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant, Newborn ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Membranes ; Prenatal Diagnosis* ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: Intracranial arachnoid cysts are benign neurodevelopmental anomalies that are often diagnosed in childhood incidently. They are clinically asymptomatic or could be related to headache, seizure, devlopmental delay, hydrocephalus and sometimes to attention deficient hyperactivity disorder. This study was undertaken to review the clinical, radiologic findings and to discuss therapeutic strategy for arachnoid cyst in the childhood. METHODS: From August 1996 through July 2002, 26 cases of pediatric patients hospitalized in Keimyung university, Dongsan medical center with intracranial arachnoid cyst were analyzed for age, symptoms of onset, location of cyst and therapeutic detalis. Diagnosis was ratified by using of brain CT or MRI. RESULTS: Twenty-six cases were studied. The mean age at the time of diagnosis was 5.2 years and 31% of them were less than 2 years old. The majority of cyst were located in supratentorial(88%) and 16 cases(61%) of them were on middle cranial fossa/ sylvian fissure. The symptoms of onset were headache in 11 cases(42%), convulsions on 6 cases(23%), trauma and others. Among these 26 children, 18 children treated by surgery, in which 10 cases had cysto-peritoneal shunt and the rest had marsupialization and excision of cyst. CONCLUSION: Arachnoid cyst represented variable symptoms in the childhood and incidence rate seems to be higher, especially in infant. Thus we should provide them appropriate strategy of therapy.
Arachnoid Cysts ; Arachnoid* ; Brain ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis ; Headache ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Incidence ; Infant ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Seizures