No abstract available.
Apoproteins* ; Diabetic Nephropathies* ; Lipoproteins*

H. pylori produces urease abundantly amounting to 6% of total protein of bacterial mass. Urease genes are composed of a cluster of 9 genes of ureC, ureD, ureA, ureB, ureI, ureE, ureF, ureG, ureH. Production of H. pylori urease in E. coli was studied with genetic cotransformation. Structural genes ureA and ureB produce urease apoprotein in E, coli but the apoprotein has no enzymatic activity. ureC and ureD do not affect urease production nor enzyme activity ureF, ureG, and ureH are essential to produce the catalytically active H. pylori urease of structural genes (ureA and ureB) in E.coli. The kinetics of activation of H. pylori urease apoprotein were examined to understand the production of active H. pylori urease. Activation of H. pylori urease apoprotein, pH dependency, reversibility of CO2 binding, irreversibility of CO2 and Ni2+ incorporation, and CO2 dependency of initial rate of urease activity have been observed in vitro. The intrinsic reactivity (ko) for carbamylation of urease apoprotein coexpressed with accessory genes was 17-fold greater than that of urease apoprotein expressed without accessory genes. It is concluded that accessory genes function in maximizing the carbamylating deprotonated E-amino group of Lys 219 of urease B subunit and metallocenter of urease apoprotein is supposed to be assembled by reaction of a deprotonated protein side chain with an activating CO2 molecule to generate ligands that facilitate productive nickel binding.
Apoproteins* ; Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter* ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Kinetics ; Ligands ; Nickel ; Urea ; Urease*

Papillary adenoma of the lung is a very rare tumor in humans. Papillary adenoma is benign, and morphologically distinctive neoplasm.Since Fanton et al. firstly described a bronchial tumor showing Clara cell features,only a few cases having features of both Clara cells and type II pneumocytes have been reported.The immunohistochemical and ultrastructural findings hint at an origin from type II pneumocytes or Clara cells.Noguchi et al. demonstrated the presence of surfactant apoprotein in cytoplasm of tumor cells in a case of papillary adenoma indicating type II pneumocyte-like differenciation of the tumor cells. The tumor was encounted in a asymptomatic patient in a mass-survey chest X-ray examination. The chest X-ray films showed the tumor as well dermacated small lesion. We reports a case of papillary adenoma of the lung with pulmomary sequestration with review of articles.
Adenoma* ; Apoproteins ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration* ; Cytoplasm ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; Lung* ; Pneumocytes ; Thorax ; X-Ray Film

BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to investigate prospectively the relation of lipoprotein(a)[Lp(a)],apoproteins and serum lipid parameters to restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasyt(PTCA). METHODS: One hundred and forty-five patients who received successful PTCA were enrolled and their serum levels of lipids, apoproteins and Lp(a) were measured before PTCA. After 6 months of follow-up, the patients were reevaluated for the development of restenosis by coronary angiography, treadmill test or thallium scan. RESULTS: A total 137 patients could be followed. Restenosis occurred in 71 patients(52%). Clinical parameters(e.g. age, sex, hypertension, diabetes, smoking) and angiographic parameters(e.g. lesion site, type and degree of stenosis) were not significantly different between the group without restenosis and the group with restenosis. Lipid parameters and apoproteins were not associated with restenosis. Lp(a) and Lp(a) phenotype analysis showed no significant difference between the two gruops. CONCLUSION: Serum lipid parameters, apoproteins and Lp(a) concentration are not associated with restenosis after PTCA and cannot be used as predictios of restenosis.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary* ; Apoproteins ; Coronary Angiography ; Exercise Test ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lipoprotein(a)* ; Phenotype* ; Prospective Studies ; Thallium

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Myocardial infarction in young age is an uncommon condition and has few risk factors than old aged group. Hyperhomocysteinemia, which is an independent risk factor for vascular disease, is associated with myocardial infarction (MI). Therefore, we evaluate that hyperhomocysteinemia is associated with myocardial infaction in young age. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total 64 patients [normal control 23 (young:old 13:10 mean age 54.2+/-13.8), M.I 41 (young:old=13:28 mean age 53.9+/-14.1)] measured plasma levels of total homocysteine, folate, vitamine B6, and vitamine B12 and performed coronary angiography and echocardiography. Young aged group was defined male <45 years old and premenopausal wemen. RESULTS: 1) Homocysteine concentration was higher in MI patients than in controls (control 6.35+/-1.7 mmol/L, MI 11.3+/-4.9 mmol/L, p<0.001). 2) Levels of homocysteine were not significantly correlated with vitamine B6, B12, and folate, but were correlated with vitamine B12 in myocardial infarction (r=0.388, p<0.001). 3) Homocysteine levels were correlated with age, apoprotein B, BUN (r=0.374 0.52, p=0.05, 0.689 p=0.001) but correlated inversely with gobal function (r= - 0.672, p=0.001). 4) After adjusting for age factor in MI patients, homocysteine concentration was not significantly higher in young aged than in old aged group (young age 6.78+/-2.07, old age 10.2+/-4.17 mmol/L p=0.351 by ANCOVA). CONCLUSION: Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent risk factor of MI, but is not clear association with MI in young age.
Age Factors ; Apoproteins ; Coronary Angiography ; Echocardiography ; Folic Acid* ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Hyperhomocysteinemia ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Plasma* ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Diseases ; Vitamins*

Phycoerythrocyanin(PEC) lyase-isomerase PecE/PecF from Mastigocladus laminosus is the specific enzyme for biosynthesis of PEC alpha-subunit(alpha-PEC). In this work, the specificity of PecE/PecF on substrate apoproteins was reported. PecE/PecF could catalyse the reconstitution of phycocyanobilin(PCB) with apoproteins of alpha-PEC from two different subspecies of Mastigocladus laminosus, as well the site-directed mutated apoprotein of alpha-PEC with Trp at 128 to Phe in vitro, but could not catalyse the reconstitution of PCB with apoprotein of phycocyanin alpha-subunit(alpha-CPC) from Mastigocladus laminosus. The surfactant Triton X-100 had no effect for the reconstitution of alpha-PEC, while it could improve the reconstitution of PCB with apoprotein of alpha-CPC.
Apoproteins ; metabolism ; Bacterial Proteins ; Catalysis ; Cyanobacteria ; enzymology ; Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes ; Lyases ; metabolism ; Octoxynol ; pharmacology ; Proteins ; metabolism ; Substrate Specificity

OBJECTIVE: Several studies showed that increased arterial stiffness is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is known as a marker for large vessel stiffness. Recent studies show that serum cystatin C is associated with PWV and may predict future cardiovascular events, even in subjects with normal renal function. However, there have been few studies for the relationship between cystatin C and arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). In this study, we investigated the relationship between serum cystatin C and branchial-ankle PWV in T2DM patients with normal renal function. METHODS: Patients with urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (ACR) higher than 300 microg albumin/mg creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) less than 60 mL/min were excluded. A total of 88 patients (47 male/41 female; age, 59+/-2 years; ACR, 33+/-5 microg/mg) were included. Doppler-derived aortic PWV and serum cystatin C were measured. RESULTS: Cystatin C is significantly related to age (r=0.51, P<0.001), hemoglobin A1c (r=-0.23, P<0.05), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (r=-0.22, P<0.05), apoprotein A (r=-0.22, P<0.05), and eGFR (r=-0.56, P<0.001). Aortic PWV is significantly associated with age (r=0.29, P<0.01), cystatin C (r=0.33, P<0.005), and eGFR (r=-0.24, P<0.05). In multiple regression analysis, there is significant association between aortic PWV and serum cystatin C levels. CONCLUSION: Serum cystatin C is significantly associated with arterial stiffness in T2DM patients with normal renal function. Our results suggest that cystatin C could be a marker for early atherosclerosis in T2DM patients.
Apoproteins ; Atherosclerosis ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Creatinine ; Cystatin C ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Glycosaminoglycans ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Risk Factors ; Vascular Stiffness

The majority of cases of impotence are closely associated with vascular risk factors and previous studies suggested that hypercholesterolemia contributed to the vasculogenic impotence by inducing impairment of endothelium dependent relaxation of corporeal smooth muscles. However, the roles of individual parameters of lipid metabolism in the development of the vasculogenic impotence are ill defined. Herein we investigated the relationship between the erectile response induced by intracorporeal injection of papaverine and serum levels of various parameters of lipid metabolism ; total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), lipoprotein(a). phospholipid, apoprotein A1(ApoA1), apoprotein B(ApoB), and ratio of serum level of LDL/HDL, TC/HDL, and ApoA1/ApoB. Higher incidence of abnormal erectile response was found in patients with increased serum level of TC, LDL, ApoA1, phospholipid and increased LDL/HDL ratio, However, the erectile response to intracorporeal papaverine between the patients with abnormal parameters and those with normal levels did not show significant difference(p>0.15). These results suggest that the individual parameters of lipid metabolism by themselves may not have direct relationship with papaverine induced erectile response.
Apoproteins ; Cholesterol ; Endothelium ; Erectile Dysfunction ; Female ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hyperlipidemias* ; Impotence, Vasculogenic ; Incidence ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth ; Papaverine* ; Relaxation ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides

The prevalence and cerebral hemorrhage of cerebral amyloid angiopathy(CAA) are age-related. It is rare in young adults. The authors report on CAA coexisting with an arteriovenous malformation(AVM) in a 30-year-old male, who present with the sudden onset of headache and vomiting. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a cerebral hemorrhage with an AVM. The AVM was completely removed through the hematoma and the histological section obtained from the periphery of the hematoma showed the typical findings of CAA. The epsilon4 allele of apoprotein E(apoE) was identified in genotype determination.
Adult ; Alleles ; Amyloid ; Apolipoproteins E ; Apoproteins ; Arteriovenous Malformations* ; Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy* ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Genotype ; Headache ; Hematoma ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pathology ; Prevalence ; Vomiting ; Young Adult*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose was to test the hypothesis that the common missense mutation of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase(MTHFR) is more prevalent among preeclamptic women compared with control and also was to determine whether homocysteine and other lipid profile is changed in pregnant women with preeclampsia. METHODS: We measured plasma homocysteine, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, apoprotein B, vitamin B12, and folate in 48 pregnant women without preeclampsia and 22 women with preeclampsia. And the MTHFR genotype was determined with a polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Results were analyzed with a X2 contingency table and T-test. RESULTS: The prevalence of the MTHFR C677T mutation was not significantly different between the population studied. There was no significant difference in the level of plasma homocysteine, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, apoprotein B, and folate between controls and preeclamptic women. Furthermore, there was a significant difference in the level of plasma vitamin B12 between the population studied. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the MTHFR C677T mutation is not a risk factor for preeclampsia in this population. Plasma homocysteine, cholesterol, HDL, LDL, triglyceride, apoprotein B, and folate level are not elevated in preeclamptic women. However, the plasma vitamin B12 level is elevated in preeclamptic women. Further studies are necessary to determine why the plasma vitamin B12 level is elevated in preelamptic women although they did not have vitamin drug.
Apoproteins ; Cholesterol, HDL ; Female ; Folic Acid ; Genotype ; Homocysteine* ; Humans ; Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)* ; Mutation, Missense ; Plasma ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Pre-Eclampsia* ; Pregnant Women ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides ; Vitamin B 12 ; Vitamins