The role of lipid and liporotein abnormalities, especially that of liporotein(a) [Lp(a)], in thrombotic cerebrovascular disease(TCVD) is not as clear as in ischemic heart disease(IHD). To evaluate the relationship between lipid profile and TCVD, we measured lipid profiles and Lp(a) levels in patients with TCVD. Forty five patients with TCVD(29 men, 16 women; mean age. 61+10 years) and fifty age and sex-matched healthy controls(35 men, 15 women; mean age, 62+11 years) were examined in this study. The patients who had definite embolic source of cardiac origin and who had history of IHD or evidence of old IHD were excluded. The patients were divided into two subtype groups, the large artery occlusion group(LAT, n=19) and the perforating artery occlusion groupp(PAT, n=26). Lipoprotein profiles and Lp(a) levels were investigated in acute stage of TCVD and at 2 months after the ictus. The mean Lp(a) level decreased at 2 months after the ictus, but the change was not statistically significant. The levels of Lp(a), total cholesterol and triglyceride were significantly higher and the level of apolipoprotein A-I was significalntly lower in in patients with TCVD compaired to control group. In Multivariate analysis, only the level of Lp(a) was significantly higher and the level of apolipoprotein A-I was significantly lower in patients wlth TCVD than those of control group. There was no significant difference of Lp(a) level between subgroups of TCVD and between subgroups divided by absence or presence of other risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, family history of stroke. We concluded that Lp(a) level may be an independen risk factor in TCVD as well as in IHD.
Apolipoprotein A-I ; Arteries ; Cholesterol ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Lipoprotein(a)* ; Lipoproteins ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Risk Factors* ; Stroke ; Triglycerides

BACKGROUNDAlteration in the protein composition of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been proposed as a mechanism for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD). In HDL, an increase in serum amyloid A protein (SAA) accompanying the decrease in apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) has been found during the acute inflammation period. However, whether this phenomenon persists in CHD patients, a disease related to inflammation, is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to explore the relationship between SAA and apoA-I in HDL isolated from CHD patients.

METHODSOverall, 98 patients with confirmed stable CHD and 90 control subjects matched for age and gender were enrolled in this case-control study. Potassium bromide (KBr) density gradient ultracentrifugation was used to isolate HDL from plasma. The levels of SAA and apoA-I in the HDL samples were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. Pearson's correlation and general linear models were used in the analysis.

RESULTSCompared with controls, patients with CHD had a significant decrease in the amount of apoA-I ((14.21 ± 8.44) µg/ml vs. (10.95 ± 5.95) µg/ml, P = 0.003) in HDL and a significant increase in the amount of log SAA (1.21 ± 0.46 vs. 1.51 ± 0.55, P < 0.00001). Differences were independent of age, body mass index (BMI), HDL cholesterol (HDL-C), and other factors. An independently and statistically significant positive correlation between log SAA and apoA-I in HDL was observed only in the CHD group (β = 2.0, P = 0.026). In the general linear model, changes in log(SAA), age, age2, gender, BMI and HDL-C could explain a statistically significant 43% of the variance in apoA-I.

CONCLUSIONSThis study provides direct evidence for the first time that there was an independent positive correlation between log SAA and apoA-I in the HDL of CHD patients, indicating the alteration of protein composition in HDL. However, the question of whether this alteration in HDL is associated with impairment of HDL functions requires further research.

Adult ; Aged ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; analysis ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; etiology ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoproteins, HDL ; analysis ; blood ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serum Amyloid A Protein ; analysis

Objective: To investigate the predictive value of glycosylated hemoglobin A1c/apolipoprotein A-1 (HbA1c/ApoA-1) ratio for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: The present study is a retrospective cohort study. ACS patients who were hospitalized and underwent coronary angiography at Beijing Hospital from March 2017 to March 2019 were enrolled. Baseline information such as sex, age, previous history, Gensini score, HbA1c and ApoA-1 were analyzed. Patients were divided into two groups according to presence or absence of MACEs and the difference on HbA1c/ApoA-1 ratio was compared between the two groups. According to the tertiles of HbA1c/ApoA-1 levels, patients were divided into high (5.87-16.12), medium (4.50-5.83) and low (2.11-4.48) HbA1c/ApoA-1 groups. Cox proportional risk model was used to evaluate the differences in MACEs and all-cause mortality among the three groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to compare the differences of MACEs between the various HbA1c/ApoA-1 groups. Results: A total of 366 ACS patients were included in this study. The mean age of the patients was (65.9±10.3) years. There were 59 MACEs and 10 all-cause deaths during the mean of (22.3±4.4) months follow-up. After adjusting for age, systolic blood pressure, history of diabetes and Gensini score, the incidence of MACEs was 2.45 times higher in the high HbA1c/ApoA-1 group than in the low HbA1c/ApoA-1 group (95%<i>CIi> 1.16-5.18, <i>Pi>=0.019). There was no significant difference in all-cause mortality between the high and low HbA1c/ApoA-1 groups (<i>Pi>=1.000). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis showed that patients in the high HbA1c/ApoA-1 group had the highest risk of MACEs, while patients in the low HbA1c/ApoA-1 group had the lowest risk of MACEs (<i>Pi><0.01). Spearman rank correlation analysis showed that HbA1/ApoA-1 ratio was positively correlated with Gensini score in ACS patients (<i>ri>=0.274, <i>Pi><0.01). Conclusion: High HbA1c/ApoA-1 ratio was an independent risk factor for MACEs in ACS patients. Patients with high HbA1c/ApoA-1 ratio had more severe coronary artery disease lesions. HbA1c/ApoA-1 ratio may be used as a potential risk stratification biomarker for ACS patients, it might be useful for the early identification of high-risk population and for predicting the incidence of MACEs among ACS patients.
Aged ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis* ; Apolipoprotein A-I/analysis* ; Biomarkers/analysis* ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis* ; Percutaneous Coronary Intervention ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Predictive Value of Tests

BACKGROUNDHigh-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels are a strong, independent inverse predictor of coronary heart disease (CHD). In this cross-sectional study we investigated the interrelationships between HDL-C and HDL related factors apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and serum amyloid A (SAA) and the presence and extent of CHD in a population of Chinese patients with CHD.

METHODSTwo hundred and twenty-four consecutive patients took part in this study. Demographic data were obtained from hospital records. Serum chemical concentrations were measured by standard laboratory methods.

RESULTSThe concentrations of high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (median: 1.85 mg/L) and SAA (median: 9.40 mg/L) were significantly higher in the CHD group (P < 0.05), while concentrations of HDL-C ((1.03 +/- 0.25) mmol/L) and apoA-I ((604.59 +/- 105.79) mmol/L) were significantly lower than those in the non-CHD group (P < 0.05). The concentrations of apoA-I decreased with the increase in vascular damage, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. However, the concentrations of hsCRP and SAA increased with the increase in vascular damage. The unadjusted odd ratios (ORs) (CI) for apoA-I and SAA of the presence of CHD were 0.093 (0.990 - 0.997) (P = 0.00) and 2.571 (1.029 - 6.424) (P < 0.05), respectively. The association between elevated SAA and the presence of CHD was lost after adjusting for lipid status parameter concentrations. The associations between apoA-I, SAA and the extent of CHD remained strong, regardless of confounding variables.

CONCLUSIONSIncreased concentrations of SAA represent the inflammatory marker of the extent of coronary stenosis in patients with CHD. In contrast to SAA, the level of apoA-I was also associated with the presence of CHD, indicating that apoA-I was not only a marker of CHD presence but also a quantitative indicator of CHD extent. In short, determining the change apolipoprotein content within HDL particle is a more accurate and effective method to evaluate the impact of HDL on CHD.

Adult ; Aged ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; blood ; Biomarkers ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Coronary Disease ; blood ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Serum Amyloid A Protein ; analysis

BACKGROUND: The association between the levels of serum lipids and lipoproteins and coronary artery disease(CAD) was well established. This study examines to assess the relation of the concentrations of serum lipids and lipoproteins to the severity of coronary atherosclerosis quantified by angiography. METHODS: We studied 72 patients(men 47, women 25 and mean age 55.6 years) who underwent coronary arteriography for suspected coronary artery disease. Coronary lesion scores were represented by estimates of stenosis in four major coronary vessels. We determined the levels of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and HDL-cholesterol by biochemical methods. Serum apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein B and lipoprotein(a) were quantified by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS: The distribution of Lp(a)levels among the subject population was highly skewed, with a mean Lp(a) level of 20.0mg/dL and a median of 15.2mg/dL. Coronary lesion scores significantly correlated with Lp(a), HDL-cholesterol levels and the age of patient by univariate statistical analysis. By multivariate analysis, levels of Lp(a) were associated significantly and independently with lesion scores and tend to correlate with the presence of CAD. In men, overall lesion severity of coronary atherosclerosis was related to Lp(a) levels, whereas in women it was related to apolipoprotein B levels by multiple regression anaylsis. CONCLUSION: The serum Lp(a) may be considerably more reliable index of advanced coronary artery disease than other lipids and lipoproteins, especially in men.
Angiography* ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoproteins ; Cholesterol ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Female ; Humans ; Lipoprotein(a) ; Lipoproteins* ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Radioimmunoassay ; Triglycerides

OBJECTIVETo screen and identify differential serum proteins which might be involved in dermatitis medicamentosa-like of trichloroethylene (DMLT).

METHODSThree groups of sera were collected from population exposed to trichloroethylene (TCE) (group I), patients suffering from DMLT (group II), and the healed cases (group III). After removing albumin and IgG in the three pools of sera, a comparative proteomic analysis was carried out. The images were analyzed using ImageMaster Platinum 2D 5.0 to screen the differentially expressed proteins. The protein spots were then subjected to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry sequencing of tryptic peptides for further identification.

RESULTSThe depletion of albumin and IgG greatly increased the number of protein spots to 300 ± 12.Five differential spots were identified, which were complement component C4b, apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein C-III apolipoprotein C-II and transthyretin. Compared with group I, the expression levels of complement component C4b in group III and apolipoprotein C-II in group II were up-regulated (1.352 88-fold, 1.512 14-fold, respectively); compared with group I, the expression levels of apolipoprotein A-I, apolipoprotein C-III and transthyretin in group II were down-regulated (1.601 17-fold, 1.034 49-fold, 1.313 35-fold, respectively).

CONCLUSIONThe findings of this study show that most of the identified differential proteins are closely related to immunity and liver dysfunction, which provides some evidence on elucidating the mechanisms and screening of biomarkers of TCE intoxication.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; isolation & purification ; Apolipoprotein C-III ; isolation & purification ; Biomarkers ; analysis ; Blood Proteins ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Dermatitis, Occupational ; blood ; Drug Eruptions ; blood ; Environmental Exposure ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Proteome ; analysis ; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization ; Trichloroethylene ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The elasticity of the aorta modulates the entire cardiovascular system. Increasing arterial stiffness with the loss of aortic elasticity is not only a surrogate marker for early atherosclerosis, but also a predictor of cardiovascular events. METHODS: This study included 203 patients (57.6+/-14.7 years, 117 male) who underwent diagnostic transesophageal echocardiography. We investigated the correlation between the arterial stiffness index (beta stiffness index), which is calculated from the distensibility of the descending thoracic aorta and blood pressure, and known serologic markers of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events. RESULTS: The beta stiffness index correlated significantly with the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (R2=0.243, p<0.001) and intima-media thickness of the descending thoracic aorta (R2= 0.470, p<0.001). It also correlated with age (r=0.465, p<0.001) and the presence of diabetes mellitus (r=0.250, p<0.001). The beta stiffness index was significantly positively correlated with the levels of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT- proBNP), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), glucose, HbA1c, apolipoprotein (Apo) A-I, and erythrocyte sediment rate. A multivariate regression analysis demonstrated that the beta stiffness index was associated with the levels of NT-proBNP, hsCRP, HbA1c, and Apo A-I. CONCLUSIONS:The beta stiffness index for the distensibility of the descending thoracic aorta significantly correlates with other parameters of arterial stiffness and serologic markers for atherosclerosis. Therefore, the beta stiffness index can be used as a parameter of cardiovascular events in diseases requiring transesophageal echocardiography, such as atrial fibrillation and mitral stenosis.
Aorta ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoproteins ; Atherosclerosis ; Atrial Fibrillation ; Biomarkers ; Blood Pressure ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular System ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Transesophageal ; Elasticity ; Erythrocytes ; Glucose ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Peptide Fragments ; Pulse Wave Analysis ; Vascular Stiffness

BACKGROUND: There are several risk factors in the development of arteriosclerosis, including lipid parameters, inflammatory markers, and hemostatic factors. Efforts should be undertaken to identify the relationship among risk factors and underlying mechanisms of arteriosclerosis to improve long-term survival in dialysis patients. This study was performed to evaluate correlations among these risk factors and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). METHODS: Seventy-seven CAPD pateints (M: 50, F: 27; mean age 52.8+/-12.4 years) were enrolled in this study. We measured blood level of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), apolipoprotein B (apoB), C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, d-dimer, von Willebrand factor (vWF), and cTnT monthly for three times. Thallium SPECT was performed in 32 of 77 patients. RESULTS: Significant positive correlation was found between CRP and fibrinogen (r=0.71, p<0.001). CRP was also positively correlated with vWF (r=0.29, p=0.01). Significant inverse correlation was observed between prealbumin and CRP (r=-0.33, p=0.004). HDL-C and apoA-1 were also inversely correlated with CRP (r=-0.26, p=0.04; r=-0,27, p=0.02) and apoB was positively correlated with CRP (r=0.24, p=0.02). Multivariate analysis revealed that fibrinogen, prealbumin, HDL-C, and apoA-1 correlated independently with CRP. In patients with diabetes (n=35), cTnT levels were sigificantly higher than those in patients without diabetes (p<0.001), whereas albumin and prealbumin levels were significantly lower in patients with diabetes than those in patients without diabetes (p<0.001, p=0.002). Serum apoB, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were higher among patients with positive results in thallium SPECT than those with negative results. CONCLUSION: It seems that inflammation is associated with an enhanced cardiovascular risk profile such as hemostatic factors and apolipoproteins. cTnT may be a useful predictive marker for mortality in dialysis patients.
Apolipoprotein A-I ; Apolipoproteins B ; Apolipoproteins* ; Arteriosclerosis ; C-Reactive Protein* ; Cholesterol ; Dialysis ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Mortality ; Multivariate Analysis ; Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory* ; Prealbumin ; Risk Factors ; Thallium ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon ; Triglycerides ; Troponin T* ; Troponin* ; von Willebrand Factor

OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between apolipoprotein AI (ApoAI) gene rs12721026 polymorphism and cerebral hemorrhage (CH) in Changsha Han population, and to evaluate the effect of rs12721026 polymorphism on plasma lipid levels. METHODS: A total of 273 patients with CH and 140 healthy controls were collected. The rs12721026 polymorphism of ApoAI was analyzed by SNaPshot genotyping analysis and DNA sequencing. The total cholesterol (TG), triglyceride (TC), HDL-C and LDL-C were examined by oxidase method. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the genotype and allele frequencies of rs12721026 polymorphism between the CH group and the control group (P>0.05). Both in the CH group and in the control group, the level of HDL-C of the TT gene type of rs12721026 was significantly higher than that of the GT/GG gene type (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the levels of TG, TC and LDL-C among different subgroups of gene types. CONCLUSION There may be no association between apoAI gene rs12721026 polymorphism with CH in Changsha Han population, which may still influence the HDL-C levels.
Apolipoprotein A-I ; genetics ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Case-Control Studies ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; blood ; genetics ; Cholesterol ; blood ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lipids ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Triglycerides ; blood

PURPOSE: The present study aimed to investigate the value of apolipoproteins, including ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE, in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) as potential biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and cancer progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Lung samples were collected from 89 patients with SCLC. Nineteen lung samples from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients and 12 normal lung tissues were used as controls. Expression profiles of ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE in different samples were examined using immunohistochemical methods, and the expression levels were correlated with cancer types, treatment, and outcomes using chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. RESULTS: Expression of ApoA-1 and ApoC-III in SCLC was significantly different, compared with that in NSCLC and normal lung tissues, and was correlated with recurrence of SCLC. Patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy before surgery showed significantly reduced expression of ApoA-1 and increased expression of ApoC-III and ApoE. Nevertheless, the expression levels of ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE were not correlated with SCLC staging. CONCLUSION: ApoA-1 and ApoC-III may be used as differentiating and predictive markers for SCLC. ApoA-1, ApoC-III, and ApoE may be used to monitor the efficacy of chemotherapy.
Adult ; Aged ; Apolipoprotein A-I/*genetics ; Apolipoprotein C-III/*genetics ; Apolipoproteins E/*genetics ; Biomarkers/analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Gene Expression Regulation ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Predictive Value of Tests ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger/*genetics ; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/*diagnosis/genetics